Unmasking inborn errors of immunity: identifying the red flags of immune dysregulation DOI Creative Commons
Manuela Cortesi, Laura Dotta, Marco Cattalini

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are rare diseases that affect the immune system. According to latest International Union Immunological Societies (IUIS) classification, 485 different IEI have been identified. Even if increased susceptibility infections is best-known symptom, no longer defined by higher likelihood alone. Immune dysregulation with autoimmune disease and hyperinflammation, lymphoproliferation, malignancy common manifestations could be only symptoms must recognized. An exclusive focus on infection-centered warning signs would miss around 25% patients who initially present other manifestations. Timely appropriate diagnosis treatment essential enhance quality life (QoL) and, in some cases, survival, as susceptible life-threatening or autoimmunity. In addition, advantage early (i.e.

Language: Английский

Rethinking PIDs: Why the distinction between primary and secondary immune disorders is more frequently relevant than that between inborn and acquired errors of immunity DOI Open Access
Markus G. Seidel

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 153(6), P. 1543 - 1545

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4

Inborn errors of immunity: manifestation, treatment, and outcome - an ESID registry 1994-2024 report on 30,628 patients DOI Creative Commons
Gerhard Kindle,

Mickaël Alligon,

Michael H. Albert

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Abstract The European Society for Immunodeficiencies patient registry (ESID-R), established in 1994, is one of the world’s largest databases on inborn errors immunity (IEI). IEI are genetic disorders predisposing patients to infections, autoimmunity, inflammation, allergies and malignancies. Treatments include antimicrobial therapy, immunoglobulin replacement, immune modulation, stem cell transplantation gene therapy. Data from 194 centers 33 countries capture clinical manifestations treatments birth onward, with annually expected updates. This report reviews ESID-R’s structure, data content, impact. includes 30,628 datasets (aged 0–97.9 years; median follow-up: 7.2 total 825,568.2 patient-years), 13,550 cases 15 sub-studies. It has produced 84 peer-reviewed publications (mean citation rate: 95). Findings real-world observations diagnoses, causes, manifestations, treatments, survival trends. ESID-R fosters global collaboration, advancing research care. highlights key role multi-national ESID-R, led by an independent medical society, evidence-based discovery. Summary Worldwide, most registries national, limited geographical temporal scope. 30-year ESID analysis patients’ longitudinal enables robust epidemiological studies natural disease courses including diagnosis, treatment, survival, supporting expanded newborn screening future AI applications research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

NF-κB pathway variants in Iranian patients with inborn errors of immunity DOI
Nazanin Fathi, Hassan Abolhassani,

Fereshte Salami

et al.

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 4, 2025

Clinical and immunological manifestations associated with genetic alterations are crucial for understanding inborn errors of immunity (IEI). This study aims to characterize the clinical profiles provide molecular features IEI patients from Iranian population who harbor rare variants in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used immunophenotyping T lymphocyte subsets via flow cytometry assessing cell proliferation. Immunoblotting was performed evaluate expression levels NF-κB proteins. multi-center enrolled 16 mutations NFKB1, NFKB2, IKBKB, IKBKG genes. NFKB1 NFKB2 heterozygous, while IKBKB homozygous mutation hemizygous. Patients exhibited hypogammaglobulinemia switched memory abnormalities. revealed decreased NF-κB1 protein most cases. Similarly, led lower unstimulated PBMCs, mild strong reductions after stimulation, though some cases showed no significant changes. identifies novel pathway defects. Further comprehensive evaluation functional analysis these warranted confirm their impact on disease manifestation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

Unmasking inborn errors of immunity: identifying the red flags of immune dysregulation DOI Creative Commons
Manuela Cortesi, Laura Dotta, Marco Cattalini

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are rare diseases that affect the immune system. According to latest International Union Immunological Societies (IUIS) classification, 485 different IEI have been identified. Even if increased susceptibility infections is best-known symptom, no longer defined by higher likelihood alone. Immune dysregulation with autoimmune disease and hyperinflammation, lymphoproliferation, malignancy common manifestations could be only symptoms must recognized. An exclusive focus on infection-centered warning signs would miss around 25% patients who initially present other manifestations. Timely appropriate diagnosis treatment essential enhance quality life (QoL) and, in some cases, survival, as susceptible life-threatening or autoimmunity. In addition, advantage early (i.e.

Language: Английский

Citations

0