Interactions between the representations of pain and reward suggest dynamic shifts in reference point DOI Creative Commons
Robert E. Hoskin, Cyril Pernet, Deborah Talmi

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 24, 2023

Abstract With an aim to understand how brains compute the expected utility of mixed prospects, namely those associated with both negative and positive attributes, we designed a task which equated opportunity learn about these attributes their hedonic value. Participants underwent fMRI scanning while they experienced classical conditioning paradigm where emotionally-neutral faces predicted probability pain reward conforming 2 (Electric Pain: high, low) x (Monetary Reward: factorial design. We found robust interaction between anticipation in BOLD signal. Analysis simple effects revealed that sensitivity each attribute increased under high levels other attribute. In bilateral insula mid-cingulate gyrus was greater reward, OFC, caudate, ventral striatum VTA pain. speculate this pattern is due dynamic shifts reference point participants considered evaluate

Language: Английский

An experimental and computational investigation of executive functions and inner speech in schizophrenia spectrum disorders DOI Creative Commons
Giovanni Granato, Raffaele Costanzo, Anna M. Borghi

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Flexible goal-directed human cognition is supported by many forms of self-directed manipulation representations. Among them, Inner-Speech (IS; covert speech) acts on second-order representations (e.g., goals/sub-goals), empowering attention and feedback processing. Interestingly, patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD) show impaired Executive Functions (EF; e.g., cognitive flexibility) and, probably, a related IS alteration. However, fragmentary evidence no computational modeling prevent clear assessment these processes focused therapeutic interventions. Here, we address issues exploiting translational approach that integrates experimental clinical data, machine learning, modeling. First, administered the Wisconsin Cards Sorting Test (WCST; neuropsychological test probing to 162 SSD 108 healthy control participants, computed behavioural data data-driven clustering algorithm. Second, extracted cluster profiles our theory-based validated model WCST. Finally, exploited emulate an IS-based psychotherapeutic intervention for subpopulations. We identified different sub-populations global trends descending sensitivity); however, extremely emerged. In particular, 'Relatively Intact' showed unexpected profile (distraction/reasoning failures), quite divergent from perseverative/rigid others. Importantly, former impact Interfering-IS, while others increased Interfering-IS strongly affecting their cognition. These differences highlight populations require cluster-dependent individualisation achieve adequate performance. Overall, results support definition in subpopulations, thus showing important implications basic research neuroscience) fields (clinical psychology psychiatry).

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mental Health in First- and Second-Division Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study DOI Creative Commons
Lucía Bonet, Ana Benito,

Héctor Usó

et al.

Sports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 106 - 106

Published: April 11, 2024

Background: The benefits of sport in mental health have been broadly studied. However, few studies examined these outcomes high-performance athletes. We aimed to analyze the state Villarreal Soccer Club’s first- (FD) and second-division (SD) players possible mediating effects sex professional category. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with an initial sample 108 soccer (final n = 54). Data from MINI, HARS, HDRS, BARRAT-11 SCSRQ questionnaires were analyzed. Results: mean age 23.41 years (SD 4.56) 61.1% (n 33) men. A proportion 24.1% 13) stated that they had undergone treatment, 7.4% 4) taken psychotropic drugs, 2.1% 1) made suicide attempt. Differences observed between FD SD terms sensitivity punishment (t −2.2; p 0.033), overall impulsivity −3.1; 0.003), unplanned 3.4; 0.001), HDRS (U −110.5; 0.004), HARS-Total −104.0; 0.006) HARS-Psychological subscale scores 0.001). also female male for HARS-Somatic 136.5; 0.028). Conclusion: low values obtained clinical scales, together reported psychopathological histories, suggested Villareal showed better than general population.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The impact of reward and punishment sensitivity on memory and executive performance in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment DOI
Nicolas Corvalán, Lucía Crivelli, Ricardo Allegri

et al.

Behavioural Brain Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 471, P. 115099 - 115099

Published: June 10, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Longitudinal changes in reinforcement learning during smoking cessation: a computational analysis using a probabilistic reward task DOI Creative Commons
Chiara Montemitro, Paolo Ossola, Thomas J. Ross

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Abstract Despite progress in smoking reduction the past several decades, cigarette remains a significant public health concern world-wide, with many smokers attempting but ultimately failing to maintain abstinence. However, little is known about how decision-making evolves quitting smokers. Based on preregistered hypotheses and analysis plan ( https://osf.io/yq5th ), we examined evolution of reinforcement learning (RL), key component decision-making, during acute extended nicotine In longitudinal, within-subject design, used probabilistic reward task (PRT) assess RL twenty who successfully refrained from for at least 30 days. We evaluated changes reward-based using signal-detection five models across three sessions days Contrary our hypothesis, punishment sensitivity emerged as only parameter that changed cessation. While it plausible some performance could be attributed repetition effects, observed clear impact Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome (NWS) RL, dynamic relationship between craving over time, suggesting recalibration cognitive processes this context, heightened negative outcomes last session (30 after quitting) compared previous sessions, may interpreted adaptation aimed fostering long-term further studies are needed clarify mechanisms underlying abstinence, these results highlight need personalized treatment approaches tailored individual needs.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Mapping punishment avoidance learning deficits in non-suicidal self-injury in young adults with and without borderline personality disorder: An fMRI study DOI
Stella Nicolaou, Juan C. Pascual, Joaquim Soler

et al.

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 370, P. 489 - 498

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Flexible Goal-directed Cognition and Inner-Speech in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: from clinical data to computational modeling, and backward. DOI Creative Commons
Giovanni Granato, Raffaele Costanzo, Anna M. Borghi

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Abstract Flexible goal-directed human cognition is supported by many forms of self-directed manipulation representations. Among them, Inner-Speech (IS; covert speech) acts on second-order representations (e.g., goals/sub-goals), empowering attention and feedback processing. Interestingly, patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD) show impaired Executive Functions (EF; e.g., cognitive flexibility) and, probably, a related IS alteration. However, fragmentary evidence no computational modeling prevent clear assessment these processes focused therapeutic interventions. Here, we address issues exploiting translational approach that integrates experimental clinical data, machine learning, modeling. First, administered the Wisconsin Cards Sorting Test (WCST; neuropsychological test probing to SSD computed behavioural data data-driven clustering algorithm. Second, extracted cluster profiles our theory-based validated model WCST. Finally, exploited emulate an IS-based psychotherapeutic intervention for subpopulations. We identified different sub-populations global trends descending sensitivity); however, extremely emerged. In particular, `Relatively Intact' showed unexpected profile (distraction/reasoning failures), quite divergent from perseverative/rigid others. Importantly, former impact Interfering-IS, while others increased Interfering-IS strongly affecting their cognition. These differences highlight populations require cluster-dependent individualisation achieve adequate performance. Overall, results support definition in subpopulations, thus showing important implications basic research neuroscience) fields (clinical psychology psychiatry).

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Interactions between the representations of pain and reward suggest dynamic shifts in reference point DOI Creative Commons
Robert E. Hoskin, Cyril Pernet, Deborah Talmi

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 24, 2023

Abstract With an aim to understand how brains compute the expected utility of mixed prospects, namely those associated with both negative and positive attributes, we designed a task which equated opportunity learn about these attributes their hedonic value. Participants underwent fMRI scanning while they experienced classical conditioning paradigm where emotionally-neutral faces predicted probability pain reward conforming 2 (Electric Pain: high, low) x (Monetary Reward: factorial design. We found robust interaction between anticipation in BOLD signal. Analysis simple effects revealed that sensitivity each attribute increased under high levels other attribute. In bilateral insula mid-cingulate gyrus was greater reward, OFC, caudate, ventral striatum VTA pain. speculate this pattern is due dynamic shifts reference point participants considered evaluate

Language: Английский

Citations

0