Neuroreport,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 24, 2024
Depression
in
male
and
female
are
commonly
associated
with
different
prevalence,
severity,
and,
some
cases,
distinct
syndromes
or
subtypes.
However,
only
a
small
amount
of
research
has
been
conducted
to
completely
understand
the
underlying
neuroanatomical
mechanisms.
The
goal
current
study
was
provide
neural
markers
for
specific
depression
therapies
by
demonstrating
differences
aberrant
prefrontal
activity
between
depressed
subjects
during
an
emotional
autobiographical
memory
test.
included
127
young
adults
who
were
randomly
assigned
one
two
groups:
(62
participants)
(65
participants).
average
oxyhemoglobin
levels
dorsolateral
cortex
throughout
task
assessed
utilizing
53-channel
functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
imaging
equipment.
oxy-Hb
activation
left
(lDLPFC)
right
(rDLPFC)
had
no
significant
interaction
groups
valences.
A
main
effect
found
female,
showing
lower
lDLPFC
rDLPFC
than
groups.
Male
patients
showed
brain
DLPFC
test,
suggesting
potential
neurological
indicators
varied
somatic
symptoms
patients.
These
distinctions
should
be
taken
into
account
while
creating
preventive
measures.
Psychology Research and Behavior Management,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 17, P. 1573 - 1585
Published: April 1, 2024
Background:
Identifying
the
fundus
objective
biomarkers
for
major
depressive
disorders
(MDD)
may
help
promote
mental
health.The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
evaluate
retinal
neurovascular
changes
and
further
investigate
their
association
with
disease
severity
in
MDD.Methods:
This
cross-sectional
conducted
hospital
enrolled
patients
MDD
healthy
controls.The
parameters
all
subjects,
including
vessel
density
(VD),
thickness
ganglion
cell
complex
(GCC)
nerve
fiber
layer
(RNFL),
optic
head
(ONH)
eg
are
automatically
calculated
by
software
optical
coherence
tomography
angiography
(OCTA).The
symptoms,
anxiety,
cognition,
insomnia
assessed
Hamilton
Depression
Rating
Scale
(HAMD),
Anxiety
(HAMA),
Montreal
Cognitive
Assessment
(MoCA),
Insomnia
Severity
Index
(ISI)
respectively.Results:
included
74
(n=74
eyes)
60
controls
(HCs)
(n=60
eyes).MDD
showed
significantly
decreased
VD
superficial
deep
capillary
plexus,
GCC
RNFL,
volume
ONH
(all
p<0.05)
increased
vertical
cup-to-disc
ratio
global
loss
(GLV)
compared
HCs.Positive
associations
were
found
between
HAMD
scores
cup
area
(r=0.30,p=0.035),
(r=0.31,p=0.029),
disc
(r=0.33,p=0.020)
as
well
ISI
RNFL
(r=0.34,p=0.047).
Conclusion:We
impairment
its
patients.OCTA
promise
a
potential
complementary
assessment
tool
MDD.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
Perinatal
depression
(PD)
is
a
highly
prevalent
psychological
disorder
that
has
detrimental
effect
on
infant
and
maternal
physical
mental
health,
but
effective
objective
assessment
of
PD
still
insufficient.
In
recent
years,
the
functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
been
acknowledged
as
an
non-invasive
tool
for
clinical
depression.
This
study
proposed
free
association
semantic
task
(FAST)
paradigm
fNIRS-based
PD.
To
better
address
emotion
characteristics
PD,
participants
are
required
to
generate
dynamic
concept
chain
based
positive,
negative
or
neutral
seed
words,
while
48-channel
fNIRS
recordings
over
frontal
bilateral
temporal
regions.
Results
from
twenty-two
late-pregnant
women
revealed
that,
oxyhemoglobin
(oxy-Hb)
changes
during
FAST
with
positive
words
region
were
correlated
severity,
which
was
different
correlation
patterns
in
word
classical
verbal
fluency
test
(VFT).
Furthermore,
distinct
also
observed
manifested
channels
corresponding
right
dorsolateral
prefrontal
cortex
(DLPFC)
inferior
gyrus
(IFG),
respectively.
Moreover,
regression
analyses
showed
can
well
explain
severity
Our
findings
suggest
promising
approach
assessment.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Background
It
has
been
well
established
that
psychiatric
disorders
are
often
accompanied
by
cognitive
dysfunction.
Previous
studies
have
investigated
the
verbal
fluency
task
(VFT)
for
detecting
executive
function
impairment
in
different
disorders,
but
sensitivity
and
specificity
of
this
not
explored.
Furthermore,
clarifying
mechanisms
underlying
variations
impairments
across
multiple
will
enhance
our
comprehension
brain
activity
alternations
among
these
disorders.
Therefore,
study
combined
VFT
functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
to
investigate
neural
including
anxiety
disorder
(AD),
sleep
(SD)
major
depressive
(MDD).
Methods
Two
hundred
eight
participants
were
enrolled
52
AD,
SD,
MDD
healthy
controls
(HCs).
All
completed
while
being
monitored
using
fNIRS
measure
changes
oxygenated
hemoglobin
(Oxy-Hb).
Results
Our
results
demonstrated
MDD,
AD
SD
exhibited
decreased
overall
connectivity
strength,
as
reduced
connected
networks
involving
frontal
temporal
regions
during
comparing
HC.
group
showed
a
reduction
networks,
specifically
left
superior
gyrus
precentral
gyrus,
compared
group.
Conclusion
offers
evidence
with
could
effectively
detect
Reviews in the Neurosciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Abstract
Major
depressive
disorder
is
a
common
mental
disorder,
and
significant
number
of
patients
exhibit
poor
response
to
conventional
antidepressant
treatments,
known
as
treatment-resistant
depression
(TRD).
However,
the
definition
TRD
globally
remains
unclear,
impeding
clinical
research,
treatment
development,
outcome
implementation,
policy-making.
A
wealth
research
confirms
that
rTMS
demonstrates
promising
efficacy
in
TRD.
This
paper
elucidates
TRD,
summarizes
potential
targets
for
treating
comprehensively
elaborates
on
unique
mechanisms,
efficacy,
side
effects
outlines
considerations
special
populations
receiving
well
other
modalities
Through
these
studies,
we
aim
provide
more
scientifically
grounded
recommendations
undergoing
