Geosciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(11), P. 315 - 315
Published: Nov. 18, 2024
Since
the
times
of
Incas,
farmers
in
remote
Andes
Peru
have
constructed
terraces
to
grow
crops
a
landscape
characterized
by
steep
slopes,
semiarid
climate,
and
landslide
geohazards.
Recent
investigations
concluded
that
terracing
irrigation
techniques
could
enhance
risk
due
increase
water
percolation
interception
surface
flow
unstable
leading
failure.
In
this
study,
we
generated
an
inventory
170
landslides
terraced
areas
assess
spatial
coherence,
causative
relations,
geomechanical
processes
linking
presence
Inca
250
km2
area
located
Ticsani
valley,
southern
Peru.
To
tool
was
developed
based
on
confusion
matrix
approach.
Performance
parameters
were
quantified
for
close
main
rivers
communities
yielding
precision
recall
values
between
64%
81%.
On
larger
scale,
poor
performance
obtained
pointing
existence
additional
linked
presence.
investigate
role
other
natural
variables
prediction,
logistic
regression
analysis
performed.
The
results
showed
terrace
is
statistically
relevant
factor
bolsters
predictions,
apart
from
first-order
like
distance
rivers,
curvature,
geology.
explore
potential
slope
failures,
FEM
numerical
modeling
conducted.
Results
suggested
both
decreased
permeability
increased
irrigation,
at
70%
average
annual
rainfall,
are
capable
inducing
Overall,
irrigated
appear
further
promote
instability
infiltration
fluvial
erosion,
high
relief,
geologic
materials,
exposing
local
risk.
Natural hazards and earth system sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
25(3), P. 1071 - 1093
Published: March 11, 2025
Abstract.
This
study
examines
the
impacts
of
unprecedented
2022
monsoon
season
in
Pakistan's
Swat
River
basin,
where
rainfall
exceeded
historical
averages
by
7
%–8
%.
extreme
weather
led
to
catastrophic
debris
flows
and
floods,
worsening
challenges
for
low-income
communities.
The
resulting
financial
instability
affected
millions,
causing
significant
damage
homes,
crops,
transportation.
employs
a
multidisciplinary
approach,
combining
field
investigations,
remote
sensing
data
interpretation,
numerical
simulations
identify
factors
contributing
flow
incidents.
Analysis
land
cover
changes
reveals
decrease
grasslands
an
increase
barren
land,
indicating
adverse
effects
deforestation
on
region.
Topography
gully
morphology
are
crucial
initiating
flows,
with
steep
gradients
shallow-slope
failures
predominant.
Numerical
show
that
reached
high
velocities
18
m
s−1
depths
40
within
45
min.
Two
resulted
formation
dams
along
River,
intensifying
subsequent
floods.
emphasizes
interplay
during
rainy
season,
rendering
region
susceptible
hindering
restoration
efforts.
Recommendations
include
climate
change
mitigation,
reforestation
initiatives,
discouraging
construction
activities
flood-prone
debris-flow-prone
regions.
advocates
enhanced
early
warning
systems
rigorous
use
planning
protect
environment
local
communities,
highlighting
imperative
proactive
measures
face
escalating
challenges.
Additionally,
investigates
spatial
distribution
various
events
their
consequences,
including
potential
hydrometeorological
triggers,
how
such
initiate
processes
mountain
landscapes.
It
also
assesses
extent
which
can
be
classified
as
abnormal.
combination
empirical
evidence
practical
insights
presented
this
highlights
research
gaps
proposes
routes
toward
deeper
understanding
monsoon-triggered
geological
hazards
consequences.
Water,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 120 - 120
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
The
prediction
of
debris
flows
is
essential
for
safeguarding
infrastructure
and
minimizing
the
economic
losses
associated
with
hazards.
Traditional
empirical
theoretical
models,
while
providing
foundational
insights,
often
struggle
to
capture
complex
nonlinear
behaviors
inherent
in
flows.
This
study
aims
enhance
flow
by
integrating
modeling
data-driven
approaches.
We
model
as
a
viscoplastic
fluid,
employing
Herschel–Bulkley
rheological
describe
its
behavior.
By
combining
kinematic
wave
lubrication
theory,
we
develop
comprehensive
framework
that
encapsulates
mechanical
physics
identifies
key
governing
parameters.
Numerical
solutions
this
are
utilized
generate
an
extensive
training
dataset,
which
subsequently
used
train
support
vector
regression
(SVR)
model.
SVR
targets
slide
depth
velocity
upon
impact,
using
explanatory
variables
including
yield
stress,
material
density,
source
area
length,
slope
length.
demonstrates
high
predictive
accuracy,
achieving
coefficients
determination
R2
0.956
0.911
at
impact.
Additionally,
relative
residuals
σ
primarily
distributed
within
range
−0.05
0.05
both
These
results
indicate
proposed
hybrid
not
only
incorporates
fundamental
physical
mechanisms
but
also
significantly
enhances
performance
through
optimization.
underscores
critical
advantage
merging
models
machine
learning
techniques,
offering
robust
tool
improved
risk
assessment,
can
inform
development
more
effective
early
warning
systems
mitigation
measures.