Therapeutic administration of a cross-reactive mAb targeting the fusion glycoprotein of Nipah virus protects nonhuman primates

Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(741)

Published: April 3, 2024

No licensed vaccines or therapies exist for patients infected with Nipah virus (NiV), although an experimental human monoclonal antibody (mAb) cross-reactive to the NiV and Hendra (HeV) G glycoprotein, m102.4, has been tested in a phase 1 trial provided under compassionate use both HeV exposures. is highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxovirus causing regular outbreaks humans animals South Southeast Asia. The mortality rate of infection ranges from 40% more than 90%, making it substantial public health concern. glycoprotein mediates host cell attachment, F facilitates membrane fusion infection. We hypothesized that mAb against prefusion conformation may confer better protection m102.4. To test this, two potent neutralizing mAbs protein, hu1F5 hu12B2, were compared hamster model. Hu1F5 superior hu12B2 was selected comparison m102.4 ability protect African green monkeys (AGMs) stringent challenge. AGMs exposed intranasally Bangladesh strain treated 5 days after exposure either (25 milligrams per kilogram). Whereas only one six survived until study end point, all protected. Furthermore, reduced 10 kilogram dose also complete challenge, supporting upcoming clinical advancement this postexposure prophylaxis therapy.

Language: Английский

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In Vitro Combinatorial Activity of Direct Acting Antivirals and Monoclonal Antibodies against the Ancestral B.1 and BQ.1.1 SARS-CoV-2 Viral Variants

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 168 - 168

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Combination antiviral therapy may be helpful in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, no clinical trial data are available, and combined use direct-acting antivirals (DAA) monoclonal antibodies (mAb) has been reported only anecdotally. To assess cooperative effects dual drug combinations vitro, we used a VERO E6 cell-based vitro system with ancestral B.1 or highly divergent BQ.1.1 virus to test pairwise licensed DAA, including nirmatrelvir (NRM), remdesivir (RDV) active metabolite molnupiravir (EIDD-1931) as well combination RDV four mAbs (sotrovimab, bebtelovimab, cilgavimab, tixagevimab; tested susceptible virus). According SynergyFinder 3.0 summary weighted scores, all had an additive effect. Within DAA/DAA combinations, paired scores variants were comparable. In post hoc analysis weighting synergy by concentrations, several cases synergistic detected at specific both for RDV/mAb combinations. This was supported confirmation experiments showing more than linear shift drug-effective concentration (IC50) increasing concentrations companion drug, although effect prominent minimal null These results support which should further investigated animal models before introduction into clinic.

Language: Английский

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Saliva Is a Sensitive and Accessible Sample Both for SARS-CoV-2 Detection and for the Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness in Follow-Up Studies

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1040 - 1040

Published: June 27, 2024

Despite emerging evidence indicating that molecular SARS-CoV-2 tests performed on saliva have diagnostic sensitivity and specificity comparable to those observed with nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs), most in vivo follow-up studies the efficacy of drugs against been NPSs, not considering as a possible alternative matrix. For this reason, study, we used, parallel, NPS samples for detection by real-time RT-PCR patients receiving Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, or Sotrovimab treatment SARS-CoV-2. Our results showed good correlation between each drug; moreover, changes cycle threshold (Ct) levels NPSs were both 7 days 30 after treatment, thus confirming represents matrix verifying effectiveness treatments

Language: Английский

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Construction of an interactive humanistic nursing model in emergency rescue of epidemic outbreaks

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 171 - 175

Published: Dec. 24, 2024

To explore the clinical efficacy of interactive humanistic nursing model in emergency rescue epidemic outbreaks. This was a retrospective study. A total 200 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital Hebei North University between December 2022 and March 2023 were selected divided into observation group(n=100) control according different methods used. Patients group received conventional basic intervention, those based on care. Compared psychological status, treatment compliance, efficacy, quality management two groups patients. compliance both significantly improved after degree improvement higher than that group, statistically significant difference (p<0.05). stay time symptom relief disappearance shortened compared differences scores satisfaction, safety increased effectively improves status increases quality, which is worthy application.

Language: Английский

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