Early
in
2020,
the
coronavirus
Covid-19,
which
is
produced
by
SARS-CoV
-2
strain,
first
gained
international
attention
as
a
severe
health
threat.
Covid-19
spread
quickly
around
world,
forcing
everyone
to
fight
with
preventative
measures
like
masks,
hand
washing,
and
preserving
social
distance.
But
prevent
virus,
vaccination
has
been
playing
key
role.
Vaccination
records
that
contain
patient
data
make
this
system
very
complicated
because
there
risk
of
privacy
breach.
Hackers
may
steal
personal
information
individuals
or
carry
out
cyberattacks
against
any
national
server.
Additionally,
chance
dishonest
people
can
purchase
sell
fake
vaccine
certificates
on
black
market.
Blockchain
provide
solution
regard
its
features
immutability,
privacy,
transparency
decentralization.
For
people,
governments,
organizations
interested
blockchain-based
systems,
we
analyze
blockchain
based
management
study
current
summary.
We
envision
our
motivate
more
systems.
The
availability
of
a
system
is
one
the
significant
requirements
to
perform
any
operation
in
system,
but
Distributed
Denial
service
attacks
(DDoS)
targets
and
services
by
flooding
resources.
So,
it
becomes
crucial
task
mitigate
DDoS
at
its
initial
stage.
Detection
mitigation
are
performed
single
that
does
not
work
correctly
as
nature
attack
distributed.
Many
solutions
only
secure
their
networks
implementing
Intrusion
System(IDS)
on
network.
As
attack,
these
individual
cannot
be
effective.
A
collaborative
solution
needed
deal
with
this
distributed
type
attack.
Some
exist
marketplace.
But
Implementation
has
many
challenges
like
transparency,
feasibility
security,
authenticity
collaboration
process.
Emerging
technology
Blockchain
provides
all
features
which
would
helpful
processes
between
different
peers.
It
also
become
for
other
network
threats
attacks.
This
research
study
presents
how
blockchain
plays
vital
role
Volumetric
domains.
proposed
detect
volumetric
multiple
domains
share
information
transparent
way
collaborators.
data
put
concern
while
designing
blockchain-based
solution.
allows
detection
domain
advantageous
so
overhead
reduced
significantly.
deals
tasks
generally
an
level
build
peers
or
using
technology.
deployed
Polygon's
official
test
network,
Mumbai
Net.
Moreover,
experiments
Simulation
results
show
feasible,
secure,
effective,
highly
accurate
terms
Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 170 - 176
Published: June 30, 2023
Healthcare
waste
refers
different
natures
of
wastes,
biological,
and
non-biological
which
are
useless&
do
not
desired
to
re-use
again.
(Biomedical)
can
be
defined
that
all
generates
from
healthcare
settings.
Objective:
To
analyze
the
awareness,
attitudes
&
Para
medical’s
work
practically
related
management
BMW
at
Public,
Private,
DHQ
THQ
Hospitals,
RHC
BHU
Lahore,
Punjab.
Methods:
The
methodology
was
cross-sectional
consisted
on
data
(survey
based)
talk
heads
Institutions,
persons
concerned
with
(handling
transportation).
about
medical
were
taken
ten
HCFs.
Results:
results
showed
<50%
has
knowledge
categories,
color
coding
wastes
included
in
Biomedical
Waste
Management
Rules,
2016.
Attitude
shows
good
results.
>50%
faulty
practice
regarding
bio
waste.
findings
awareness
among
Intern
Nurses
sanitary
workers
poor,
periodic
training
their
evaluation
is
mandatory
for
better
outcome.
Total
percentage
items
57%.
attitude
44%.
overall
level
considered
unsafe
because
only
9.4%
respondent
who
always
during
management.
Conclusions:
Research
revealed
improper
practices,
irregularities,
shortcomings
system
WM.
study
found
inconsistencies
hospitals
generally
low
amount
financial
resources,
poor
trainings
administrative
level.
Early
in
2020,
the
coronavirus
Covid-19,
which
is
produced
by
SARS-CoV
-2
strain,
first
gained
international
attention
as
a
severe
health
threat.
Covid-19
spread
quickly
around
world,
forcing
everyone
to
fight
with
preventative
measures
like
masks,
hand
washing,
and
preserving
social
distance.
But
prevent
virus,
vaccination
has
been
playing
key
role.
Vaccination
records
that
contain
patient
data
make
this
system
very
complicated
because
there
risk
of
privacy
breach.
Hackers
may
steal
personal
information
individuals
or
carry
out
cyberattacks
against
any
national
server.
Additionally,
chance
dishonest
people
can
purchase
sell
fake
vaccine
certificates
on
black
market.
Blockchain
provide
solution
regard
its
features
immutability,
privacy,
transparency
decentralization.
For
people,
governments,
organizations
interested
blockchain-based
systems,
we
analyze
blockchain
based
management
study
current
summary.
We
envision
our
motivate
more
systems.
