Green energy and fuel research., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

Review A Comprehensive of Thermoelectric Generators from Micropower Supply to Kilowatt System Shuo Yang, Hao Chen and Ding Luo * Shaanxi Key Laboratory New Transportation Energy Automotive Saving, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 14 March 2025; Revised: 9 April Accepted: 10 Published: 22 2025 Abstract: crisis carbon emissions are two increasingly prominent issues in our society. As one the clean energy sources, thermoelectric power generation is a promising alternative technology convert heat into electricity. long as there source, generators can provide electricity for watches, sensors, electronics, spacecraft, etc., also be used recover waste heat, such automobile exhaust industrial ship etc. This study proposes novel classification paradigm based on output (microwatt, 1 W–1 kW, >1 kW), systematically revealing technological characteristics at each level: microwatt level relies flexible materials compatibility with human body while kilowatt requires integration high-temperature optimized thermal management. The demonstrates that performance significantly enhanced through asymmetric geometric designs non-equilibrium synthesis processes. work provides comprehensive design framework, material innovation large-scale integration, next-generation systems, addressing theoretical gap techno-economic analysis.

Language: Английский