Influence of kinetic air-water interfacial partitioning on unsaturated transport of PFAS in sandy soils DOI Creative Commons
Faran Vahedian,

J. A. Silva,

Jiřı́ Šimůnek

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 957, P. 177420 - 177420

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

This study investigates the impact of kinetic air-water partitioning on transport perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) within homogeneous and heterogeneous sandy vadose zones under transient unsaturated flow conditions. These experimental conditions are realistic for field behavior, where foments continual growth collapse interfaces (AWIs), layered heterogenous enhance perturbations AWIs. Short-chain PFAS behave like conservative tracers with negligible interface partitioning, whereas longer-chain demonstrate non-equilibrium retention especially in media. AWI kinetics were found to be important controlling mass flux, particularly during sorption interface, which results because different nature more rapid changes drainage, wherein moving toward achieve equilibrium, than imbibition, leaving equilibrium. Neglecting these processes can result an underestimate velocities flux reaching water table. The presence trapped air may also inhibit a similar manner by causing longer diffusion paths from bulk portion modified HYDRUS effectively captured provided excellent match measured breakthrough curves. To assess relevance using infiltration rates, simulations conducted precipitation data actual site. showed that accounting increases cumulative PFOS groundwater factor 2.3 compared equilibrium conditions, significantly impacting porewater concentrations. difference was threefold suggesting importance effects vary over long term climatic or soil types, due their strong dependence flux.

Language: Английский

Air-water interfacial collapse and rate-limited solid desorption control Perfluoroalkyl acid leaching from the vadose zone DOI
John Stults, Charles E. Schaefer, Yida Fang

et al.

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 265, P. 104382 - 104382

Published: June 5, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Transport and competitive interfacial adsorption of PFOA and PFOS in unsaturated porous media: experiments and modeling DOI
Uriel Garza‐Rubalcava,

Craig Klevan,

Kurt D. Pennell

et al.

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 268, P. 122728 - 122728

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Occurrence, Concentration, and Distribution of 35 PFASs and Their Precursors Retained in 20 Stormwater Biofilters DOI Creative Commons
Ali Beryani, Robert Furén, Heléne Österlund

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(32), P. 14518 - 14529

Published: July 30, 2024

Current knowledge about the fate and transport behaviors of per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in urban stormwater biofilter facilities is very limited. C5–14,16 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids [perfluorinated (PFCAs)], C4,8,10 perfluoroalkanesulfonic (PFSAs), methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetic acid (MeFOSAA, a PFSA precursor), unknown C6–8 PFCA perfluorooctanesulfonic precursors were frequently found bioretention media forebay sediments at Σ35PFAS concentrations <0.03–19 0.064–16 μg/kg-DW, respectively. Unknown precursor up to ten times higher than corresponding PFCAs, especially forebays biofilters' top layer. No significant trend could be attributed PFAS versus depth filter media, though 2–3 upper layers on average (significant difference between (0–5 cm) deepest (35–50 layer). PFASs had similar spatial concentration distribution each (no clear short- long-chain PFASs). Commercial land use organic matter important factors explaining variations among biofilters sampling depths, Given comparable accumulations deeper superficial possible increased mobility after biotransformation, designing shallow-depth, nonamended sand or maintaining only layer may insufficient for management.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Using Suction Lysimeters for Determining the Potential of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances to Leach from Soil to Groundwater: A Review DOI
Jed Costanza,

Charles D. Clabaugh,

Christa Leibli

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

In-situ porewater samples were proposed to best represent the fraction of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with potential migrate groundwater. While there are many techniques for collecting samples, suction lysimeters frequently being used PFAS investigations. Suction use vacuum extract from vadose zone soils, typically fine medium sands, which retain release enough analysis. Importantly, determining rate migration groundwater requires an independent measure water percolation. This review covers installation sampling methods provides suggestions improve utility reduce variability results. Because volume soil represented by sample varies significantly depending on soil-water content, is spatially temporally variable, may be required accurately heterogeneity. A similar limitation applies or leaching protocol samples. not provide a representative all due interactions lysimeter materials, air-water interfaces, vacuum. Consequently, data applied in combination soil-leaching protocols, transects, analysis when making remedial decisions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Laboratory validation of a simplified model for estimating equilibrium PFAS mass leaching from unsaturated soils DOI
John Stults, Charles E. Schaefer,

Tamzen W. Macbeth

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 970, P. 179036 - 179036

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Review on Methods for Assessing and Predicting Leaching of PFAS from Solid Matrices DOI Creative Commons
Divina A. Navarro, Shervin Kabiri, Karl C. Bowles

et al.

Current Pollution Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 628 - 647

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are prevalent environmental contaminants detected in materials such as soils, biosolids, wastes. Understanding PFAS leaching is crucial for assessing risks associated with leaving impacted material place, reuse, or disposal. However, there limited guidance on laboratory methods to measure extent rate leaching. This review aims identify the best that reflective relevant release scenarios. Recent Findings Various have been applied assess from contaminated materials. The most common batch simulate particular conditions (e.g. rainfall, landfill), intention providing conservative estimates (worst-case scenarios) cumulative over time. Columns, static leaching, rainfall simulators also used less aggressive field-like conditions. While common, pan suction lysimeters situ. Most use saturated do not account possible influence air–water interface accumulation wetting–drying cycles A notable gap scarcity data benchmarking laboratory-leached concentrations real-world concentrations. Establishing this relationship reliable protocols. Summary article reviews estimating Given variety methods, selecting those assessment objectives essential. Specific scenarios requiring assessment, disposal, discussed. knowledge gaps presented could be improve existing better predictions understanding leachability. Graphical

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Influence of kinetic air-water interfacial partitioning on unsaturated transport of PFAS in sandy soils DOI Creative Commons
Faran Vahedian,

J. A. Silva,

Jiřı́ Šimůnek

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 957, P. 177420 - 177420

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

This study investigates the impact of kinetic air-water partitioning on transport perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) within homogeneous and heterogeneous sandy vadose zones under transient unsaturated flow conditions. These experimental conditions are realistic for field behavior, where foments continual growth collapse interfaces (AWIs), layered heterogenous enhance perturbations AWIs. Short-chain PFAS behave like conservative tracers with negligible interface partitioning, whereas longer-chain demonstrate non-equilibrium retention especially in media. AWI kinetics were found to be important controlling mass flux, particularly during sorption interface, which results because different nature more rapid changes drainage, wherein moving toward achieve equilibrium, than imbibition, leaving equilibrium. Neglecting these processes can result an underestimate velocities flux reaching water table. The presence trapped air may also inhibit a similar manner by causing longer diffusion paths from bulk portion modified HYDRUS effectively captured provided excellent match measured breakthrough curves. To assess relevance using infiltration rates, simulations conducted precipitation data actual site. showed that accounting increases cumulative PFOS groundwater factor 2.3 compared equilibrium conditions, significantly impacting porewater concentrations. difference was threefold suggesting importance effects vary over long term climatic or soil types, due their strong dependence flux.

Language: Английский

Citations

1