Therapeutic Delivery,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 23
Published: Nov. 15, 2024
The
ongoing
global
health
crisis
caused
by
multidrug-resistant
(MDR)
bacteria
necessitates
quick
interventions
to
introduce
new
management
strategies
for
MDR-associated
infections
and
antimicrobial
agents'
resistance.
Phage
therapy
emerges
as
an
antibiotic
substitute
its
high
specificity,
efficacy,
safety
profiles
in
treating
infections.
Various
vitro
vivo
studies
denoted
their
eminent
bactericidal
anti-biofilm
potential.
This
review
addresses
the
latest
developments
phage
regarding
attack
strategies,
formulations,
administration
routes.
It
additionally
discusses
elaborates
on
status
of
undergoing
clinical
trials,
challenges
encountered
usage,
explores
prospects
research
application
Journal of Clinical Investigation,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
135(5)
Published: March 2, 2025
Bacteriophage
(phage)
therapy
has
emerged
as
a
promising
solution
to
combat
the
growing
crisis
of
multidrug-resistant
(MDR)
infections.
There
are
several
international
centers
actively
engaged
in
implementation
phage
therapy,
and
recent
case
series
have
reported
encouraging
success
rates
patients
receiving
personalized,
compassionate
for
difficult-to-treat
Nonetheless,
substantial
hurdles
remain
way
more
widespread
adoption
consistent
success.
This
Review
offers
comprehensive
overview
current
technologies
therapeutic
approaches.
We
first
delineate
common
steps
development,
from
bank
establishment
clinical
administration,
examine
spectrum
approaches,
personalized
fixed
cocktails.
Using
framework
conventional
drug
development
pipeline,
we
then
identify
critical
knowledge
gaps
areas
such
cocktail
design,
formulation,
pharmacology,
trial
design.
conclude
that,
while
holds
promise,
structured
pipeline
sustained
government
support
crucial
MDR
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(3), P. 374 - 374
Published: March 8, 2024
This
review
aims
at
presenting
the
main
strategies
that
are
currently
available
for
delivery
of
bacteriophages
to
combat
bacterial
infections
in
humans,
animals,
and
plants.
It
can
be
seen
routes
phage
topical,
oral,
systemic,
airways
humans.
In
topical
oral
most
used.
To
plant
species,
spraying
plant’s
phyllosphere
or
drenching
soil
commonly
used
methods.
both
therapy
biocontrol
using
phages,
very
promising
results
have
been
obtained
so
far.
However,
more
experiments
needed
establish
forms
treatment
doses,
among
other
parameters.
Furthermore,
general,
there
is
a
lack
specific
standards
use
phages
infections.
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Aug. 29, 2024
Fracture-related
infections
(FRIs),
particularly
those
caused
by
methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus
aureus
(MRSA),
are
challenging
to
treat.
This
study
designed
and
evaluated
a
hydrogel
loaded
with
cocktail
of
bacteriophages
vancomycin
(1.2
mg/mL).
The
co-delivery
showed
99.72%
reduction
in
MRSA
biofilm
vitro.
released
54%
phages
82%
within
72
h
maintained
activity
for
eight
days,
vivo
the
systemic
antibiotic
significantly
reduced
bacterial
load
0.99
log10
CFU
compared
controls,
active
detected
tissues
at
euthanasia
(2
×
103
PFU/mL).
No
phage
resistance
was
treatment
groups,
serum
neutralization
resulted
only
20%
count.
In
this
work,
we
show
that
phage-antibiotic
system
via
CMC
is
promising
adjunct
therapy
MRSA-induced
FRI,
highlighting
its
potential
localized,
sustained
delivery
improved
outcomes.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Oct. 7, 2024
Biofilms
are
complex
microbial
communities
in
which
planktonic
and
dormant
bacteria
enveloped
extracellular
polymeric
substances
(EPS)
such
as
exopolysaccharides,
proteins,
lipids,
DNA.
These
multicellular
structures
present
resistance
to
conventional
antimicrobial
treatments,
including
antibiotics.
The
formation
of
biofilms
raises
considerable
concern
healthcare
settings,
can
exacerbate
infections
patients
compromise
the
integrity
medical
devices
employed
during
treatment.
Similarly,
certain
bacterial
species
contribute
bulking,
foaming,
biofilm
development
water
environments
wastewater
treatment
plants,
reservoirs,
aquaculture
facilities.
Additionally,
food
production
facilities
provide
ideal
conditions
for
establishing
biofilms,
serve
reservoirs
foodborne
pathogens.
Efforts
combat
antibiotic
involve
exploring
various
strategies,
bacteriophage
therapy.
Research
has
been
conducted
on
effects
phages
their
individual
proteins
assess
potential
removal.
However,
challenges
persist,
prompting
examination
refined
approaches
drug-phage
combination
therapies,
phage
cocktails,
genetically
modified
clinical
applications.
This
review
aims
highlight
progress
regarding
bacteriophage-based
eradication
different
settings.
BMC Infectious Diseases,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: Oct. 26, 2024
The
extensively
drug-resistant
(XDR)
strains
of
Acinetobacter
baumannii
have
become
a
major
cause
nosocomial
infections,
increasing
morbidity
and
mortality
worldwide.
Many
different
treatments,
including
phage
therapy,
are
attractive
ways
to
overcome
the
challenges
antibiotic
resistance.
This
study
investigates
biofilm
formation
ability
30
XDR
A.
isolates
efficacy
cocktail
four
tempetate
bacteriophages
(SA1,
Eve,
Ftm,
Gln)
antibiotics
(ampicillin/sulbactam,
meropenem,
colistin)
in
inhibiting
degrading
biofilms
these
strains.
majority
(83.3%)
exhibited
strong
formation.
bacteriophage
showed
varying
degrees
effectiveness
against
biofilms,
with
higher
concentrations
generally
leading
more
significant
inhibition
degradation
rates.
antibiotics-bacteriophage
combinations
also
enhanced
biofilms.
findings
suggested
that
is
an
effective
tool
combating
its
depending
on
concentration.
Combining
improved
removal
indicating
promising
strategy
for
managing
infections.
These
results
contribute
our
understanding
dynamics
potential
cocktails
as
novel
therapeutic
approach
combat
antibiotic-resistant
bacteria.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 24, 2025
Diabetic
foot
ulcers
(DFU)
affect
up
to
15-25%
of
patients
suffering
from
diabetes
and
are
considered
a
global
health
concern.
These
may
result
in
delayed
wound
healing
chronic
infections,
with
the
potential
lead
amputations.
It
has
been
estimated
that
85%
diabetes-related
amputations
preceded
by
diagnosis
DFU.
A
critical
factor
persistence
this
disease
is
presence
polymicrobial
biofilms,
which
generally
include
Staphylococcus
aureus,
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa,
Escherichia
coli.
The
involvement
diabetic
comorbidities
such
as
ischemia,
hyperglycemia,
immune-compromised
status
creates
perfect
niche
for
these
bacteria
evade
body's
immune
response
persist
biofilms.
Bacteriophage
therapy
can
target
lyse
specific
emerging
an
effective
treatment
biofilm-related
infections.
While
shows
promise
addressing
wounds,
our
current
models,
including
animal
static
systems,
fail
capture
full
complexity
Innovative
approaches
3D
bioengineered
skin
organoid
hydrogel-based
systems
being
developed
simulate
DFU
microenvironments
more
accurately
without
using
ex
vivo
or
tissues.
advanced
models
evaluating
bacteriophage
efficacy
biofilm-associated
DFU,
aiming
enhance
preclinical
assessments
improve
therapeutic
outcomes
patients.