Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(2), P. 148 - 148
Published: Jan. 22, 2025
The
oral
mucosa
is
a
versatile
surface
for
drug
administration,
supporting
both
local
and
systemic
therapies.
Many
active
substances
are
effectively
absorbed
in
the
cavity,
offering
an
alternative
to
enteral
administration
by
bypassing
harsh
gastrointestinal
environment
hepatic
first-pass
metabolism.
This
has
made
mucosal
delivery
growing
area
of
research.
Enhancing
bioavailability
ingredients
key
focus
pharmaceutical
technology,
especially
given
challenges
developing
new
drugs.
Numerous
strategies
improve
compatible
with
delivery,
unique
anatomy
cavity
enabling
specialized
applications.
A
variety
dosage
forms
tailored
meet
therapeutic
needs
while
addressing
biopharmaceutical
patient
compliance
challenges.
Proper
formulation
can
achieve
controlled
release,
improved
bioavailability,
convenience.
review
highlights
potential
focusing
on
enhancement
methods
types
production
technologies
optimized
use
cavity.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Jan. 22, 2025
Cell
penetrating
peptides
(CPPs)
are
usually
positive
charged
and
have
good
cell
membrane
permeability.
Meanwhile,
CPPs
facile
to
synthesize,
can
be
functionalized
satisfy
different
demands,
such
as
cyclization,
incorporating
unnatural
amino
acids,
lipid
conjugation.
These
properties
made
them
efficient
drug-delivery
tools
deliver
therapeutic
molecules
cells
tissues
in
a
nontoxic
manner,
including
small
molecules,
DNA,
siRNA,
proteins
other
various
nanoparticles.
However,
the
poor
serum
stability
low
tumor
targeting
ability
also
hindered
their
broad
application.
Besides,
inappropriate
chemical
modification
lead
disruption
nonspecific
toxicity.
In
this
paper,
we
first
reviewed
recent
advances
CPP
applications
for
cancer
therapy
via
covalent
or
non-covalent
manners.
We
carefully
analyzed
advantages
disadvantages
of
each
modifications
drug
delivery.
Then,
concluded
progress
clinical
trials
diseases.
Finally,
discussed
challenges
opportunities
met
translate
into
applications.
This
review
presented
new
insight
delivery,
which
could
provide
advice
on
design
clinically
effective
systemic
delivery
systems
using
CPPs.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Abstract
The
advent
of
biomacromolecules
antagonizing
vascular
endothelial
growth
factor
(VEGF)
has
revolutionized
the
treatment
neovascular
age‐related
macular
degeneration
(nAMD).
However,
frequent
intravitreal
injections
these
impose
an
enormous
burden
on
patients
and
create
a
massive
workload
for
healthcare
providers.
This
causes
to
abandon
therapy,
ultimately
leading
progressive
irreversible
vision
loss.
In
order
address
this
unmet
clinical
need,
noninvasive
nAMD
is
developed.
An
optimized
cell‐penetrating
peptide
derivative,
bxy
Penetratin
(bxyWP),
used
non‐covalently
complex
with
anti‐VEGF
protein
aflibercept
(AFL)
via
reversible
hydrophobic
interaction.
interaction
crucial
AFL
delivery,
neither
impairing
affinity
pathological
VEGF,
nor
being
interfered
by
endogenous
proteins
in
tear
fluids.
AFL/bxyWP
eye
drops
exhibit
prolonged
retention
excellent
absorption
into
posterior
ocular
segment
following
topical
administration,
significant
drug
distribution
retina
choroid.
laser‐induced
choroidal
neovascularization
model
cynomolgus
monkeys,
efficiently
reduce
lesion
size
leakage
comparable
conventional
injection
AFL.
These
results
suggest
that
are
feasible
self‐administered
retinal
diseases
potentially
become
substitute
injections.
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(2), P. 195 - 195
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Drugs
administered
by
means
of
extravascular
routes
drug
administration
must
be
absorbed
into
the
systemic
circulation,
which
involves
movement
molecules
across
biological
barriers
such
as
epithelial
cells
that
cover
mucosal
surfaces
or
stratum
corneum
covers
skin.
Some
drugs
exhibit
poor
permeation
membranes
may
experience
excessive
degradation
during
first-pass
metabolism,
tends
to
limit
their
bioavailability.
Various
strategies
have
been
used
improve
Absorption
enhancement
include
co-administration
chemical
enhancers,
enzymes,
and/or
efflux
transporter
inhibitors,
changes,
and
specialized
dosage
form
designs.
Models
with
physiological
relevance
are
needed
evaluate
efficacy
absorption
techniques.
in
vitro
cell
culture
models
ex
vivo
tissue
explored
quantify
effectiveness
strategies.
This
review
deliberates
on
use
for
evaluation
selected
including
nasal,
oromucosal,
pulmonary,
oral,
rectal,
transdermal
administration.
Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
Introduction
Traditional
administration
routes
have
limitations
including
first-pass
metabolism
and
gastrointestinal
degradation
for
sensitive
drugs
(oral)
pain
associated
with
parenteral
injections,
which
also
require
trained
personnel
refrigeration,
making
them
expensive.
This
has
increased
interest
in
alternative
routes,
mucosal
surfaces
being
of
high
priority.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(4), P. 397 - 397
Published: March 21, 2025
Peptide
and
protein
(PP)
therapeutics
are
highly
specific
potent
biomolecules
that
treat
chronic
complex
diseases.
However,
their
oral
delivery
is
significantly
hindered
by
enzymatic
degradation,
instability,
poor
permeability
through
the
gastrointestinal
(GI)
epithelium,
resulting
in
low
bioavailability.
Various
strategies
have
emerged
as
transformative
solutions
to
address
existing
challenges,
offering
enhanced
protection,
stabilization,
absorption
of
PPs.
These
primarily
focus
on
two
major
challenges:
protecting
PP
against
harsh
conditions
enhancing
permeation
across
intestinal
membrane.
Innovative
approaches
such
pH
modulation
incorporation
enzyme
inhibitors
usually
used
mitigate
proteolytic
degradation
during
transit
GI
tract.
In
a
similar
vein,
enhancers
prodrug
facilitate
epithelial
transport,
while
targeted
systems
areas
tract
enhance
absorption.
Likewise,
mucus-penetrating
mucoadhesive
retention
interaction
with
cells,
effectively
overcoming
barriers
like
mucus
layer
tight
junctions.
Furthermore,
structural
modifications
lipidation,
peptide
cyclization,
polyethylene
glycosylation
promising
alternatives
render
stability,
prolong
circulation
time,
membrane
permeability.
particular,
functional
biomaterials,
active
targeting,
lymphatic
transport
provided
new
platforms
for
delivery.
Advancing
materials
science,
nanotechnology,
disruption
medical
devices
holds
frontiers
overcome
barriers.
Despite
substantial
advancements,
limited
success
clinical
translation
underscores
urgency
innovative
strategies.
This
review
presents
PPs
platform,
highlighting
key
transform
therapeutic
landscapes.
Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(15), P. 6565 - 6565
Published: July 27, 2024
This
literature
review
explores
advancements
in
obesity
and
diabetes
mellitus
diagnosis
treatment,
highlighting
recent
innovations
that
promise
more
personalized
effective
healthcare
interventions.
For
diagnosis,
traditional
methods
like
body
mass
index
(BMI)
calculations
are
now
complemented
by
bioelectrical
impedance
analysis
(BIA)
dual-energy
X-ray
absorptiometry
(DXA)
scans,
with
emerging
biomarkers
from
“omics”
technologies.
Diabetes
has
advanced
standard
hemoglobin
A1c
(HbA1c)
testing
supplemented
novel
measures
such
as
glycation
end
products
(AGEs)
autoantibodies,
alongside
the
use
of
artificial
intelligence
to
enhance
diagnostic
accuracy.
Treatment
options
for
expanding
beyond
methods.
Minimally
invasive
bariatric
surgeries,
endoscopic
procedures,
fecal
microbiota
transplants
(FMTs),
pharmaceuticals
GLP-1
receptor
agonists
(semaglutide,
tirzepatide)
show
promising
results.
Cognitive
behavioral
therapy
(CBT)
prescription
digital
therapeutics
(PDTs)
also
valuable
tools
weight
management.
treatment
is
undergoing
a
transformation.
Ultra-long-acting
insulins
innovative
oral
insulin
delivery
on
horizon.
SGLT2
inhibitors
proving
be
medications
blood
sugar
control.
Continuous
glucose
monitoring
(CGM)
systems
closed-loop
revolutionizing
management,
while
stem
cell
holds
future.
By
integrating
plans,
care
entering
new
era.
approach
empowers
patients
paves
way
improved
health
outcomes
better
quality
life.
