Dietary Interventions, Supplements, and Plant-Derived Compounds for Adjunct Vitiligo Management: A Review of the Literature

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 357 - 357

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune pigmentation disorder shaped by complex interplay of genetic predispositions and environmental triggers. While conventional therapies—phototherapy, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants—can be effective, their benefits are often partial temporary, with recurrence common once treatment stops. As such, there increasing interest in exploring complementary approaches that may offer more sustainable impact. Emerging evidence suggests macronutrient micronutrient-level changes could beneficial for managing progression and, some cases, facilitating repigmentation. Antioxidant-rich foods, such as apples, green tea, Indian gooseberry, onions, peppers, help mitigate oxidative stress, while inflammatory gluten high-phenol nuts berries, exacerbate the condition. Certain supplements, including high-dose vitamin D, C, E, selenium, enhance phototherapy outcomes. Omega-3 other unsaturated fatty acids, addition to prebiotics probiotics, under active investigation roles gut health immune regulation. Notably, plant-derived compounds, i.e., Ginkgo biloba, have demonstrated promise promoting repigmentation disease progression. However, it must emphasized these nutritional interventions remain exploratory, research needed establish efficacy, safety, optimal usage before they can recommended part standard regimen.

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic Insights into the Stimulatory Effect of Melanogenesis of 4-Methylcoumarin Derivatives in B16F10 Melanoma Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(22), P. 12421 - 12421

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by the loss of pigment, resulting in white patches on various parts body. It occurs when melanocytes, cells that are responsible for producing destroyed or stop functioning. This study aimed to investigate melanogenic potential 4-methylcoumarin (4MC) derivatives, including 6-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (6M-4MC), 7-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (7M-4MC), 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (7A-4MC), 6,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (6,7DH-4MC), 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (7,8DH-4MC), and 6,7-dimethoxy-4-methylcoumarin (6,7DM-4MC), B16F10 melanoma cells. Our findings revealed that, while 4MC, 7A-4MC, 6,7DH-4MC, 7,8DH-4MC did not exhibit any effect melanin production, significant stimulation melanogenesis was observed with 6M-4MC, 7M-4MC, 6,7DM-4MC, 6M-4MC demonstrating most pronounced effect. significantly stimulated production tyrosinase activity concentration-dependent manner A Western blot analysis increased expression levels microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), protein-2 (TRP-2). Further mechanistic studies showed inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) protein B (AKT), which led upregulation MITF TRP proteins subsequent activation synthesis. Additionally, activated GSK3β phosphorylation, reduced β-catenin via GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, primary irritation test conducted upper backs 32 healthy female volunteers assess sensitization from applied topically at concentrations 50 µM 100 µM. The results no adverse effects skin. Collectively, these suggest may be promising pigmentation stimulator use cosmetics medical treatment hypopigmentation disorders, particularly conditions such as vitiligo.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Overview of Cytokine Interplay in Vitiligo: A Decade of Meta-Analyses Systematically Reviewed

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 684 - 684

Published: April 23, 2025

(1) Background: Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin disorder characterized by melanocyte destruction. Despite metabolic disturbances and oxidative stress also playing a key role in its pathogenesis, accumulating evidence highlights prominent for cytokine dysregulation. (2) Methods: A systematic search was conducted to identify meta-analyses published the last decade that investigated involvement vitiligo. (3) Results: Based on predefined inclusion criteria, nine were retrieved reviewed. The findings confirm central interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) vitiligo although recent suggest IFN-γ gene polymorphisms are more broadly associated with autoimmunity rather than being vitiligo-specific. Elevated interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels have been consistently reported patients, supporting contribution immune-mediated Regulatory T cell dysfunction appears play crucial disease progression. Additionally, TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism has linked genetic susceptibility vitiligo, particularly specific populations, reinforcing of TNF-α immune Lastly, chemokines involved recruitment melanocytes further illustrate complex inflammatory network underlying disease. (4) Conclusions: This review consolidates from meta-analyses, underscoring significance dysregulation highlighting potential therapeutic targets.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Compound Glycyrrhizin Followed by Phototherapy for the Treatment of Progressive Vitiligo in Children

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 38(2)

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Childhood vitiligo, distinct from its adult counterpart, presents unique treatment challenges. Glycyrrhizin inhibits the release of high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein keratinocytes, preventing melanocyte apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, orally administered compound glycyrrhizin (OCG) effectively treats various autoimmune disorders, demonstrating long‐term efficacy, safety, tolerability. This study compared efficacy OCG oral prednisone (OP), followed by phototherapy, in patients with progressive childhood vitiligo at 52 weeks' follow‐up. Fifty children were randomized into two groups according to treatment: (50–150 mg/day) phototherapy ( n = 25) OP (5–10 25). At Week 24, a halt disease progression (HDP) was observed 20 (80%) 21 (84%) group, no significant difference p > 0.99) . However, mean time achieve HDP significantly shorter than (14.73 ± 4.84 vs. 19.13 4.82 weeks; < 0.01). In addition, serum HMGB1 concentrations reduced after 24 (3.02 0.83 0.95 0.36 ng/mL [ 0.01]; OP, 2.79 0.16 1.03 0.34 0.01]). The decline Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) score end follow‐up (i.e., 52) did not show statistically between (52.31% 14.86% 55.71% 21.23%; 0.55). therapeutic response clinical markers good comparable groups. demonstrated similar controlling activity promoting repigmentation weeks Trial Registration: ChiCTR2400086844

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of JAK Inhibitors in the Management of Vitiligo: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Dermatology and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

Vitiligo, a chronic skin disease affecting 1-2% of the global population, is associated with significant impairment in quality life. Current pharmacological treatment options have limited efficacy and considerable side effects. Recent studies shown promising results when using Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis). Despite these favourable findings, there remains critical need for comprehensive data on safety JAKi vitiligo. Three databases were searched patients vitiligo treated oral or topical JAKi, without conventional therapy. Placebo vehicle cream comparators randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Outcomes included 75% improvement Facial-Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (F-VASI), mean Vitiligo (VASI) improvement, repigmentation percentage adverse events. We performed three analyses: one RCT data, from case reports novel cohort JAKi-treated reports. The protocol registered PROSPERO (CRD42023445503). Among 35 articles identified, 19 statistical analyses. A meta-analysis (RCTs) (JAKis) suggested that more likely to achieve Facial 75 (F-VASI75) than those (risk ratio (RR) 3.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98-12.22), no difference events between groups (RR 1.27; CI 0.88-1.82). four single-arm showed 43.8% (95% 0.71-0.93). (n = 28) series revealed increases 48.7% 63.7% (p 0.0018; p < 0.001) alone narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB). However, insufficient determine if combination treatments superior alone. Our systematic review evaluated RCTs, While ruxolitinib but non-significant highlighted repigmentation, particularly JAKis combined other therapies. Oral effectiveness require caution due potential effects such as immune suppression cardiovascular risks. Furthermore, it important acknowledge proportion do not respond Additional RCTs are needed address long-term safety, optimise application strategies establish standardised endpoints

Language: Английский

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Inflammatory skin diseases: The importance of immunological signatures

Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

The understanding and classification of inflammatory skin diseases is shifting from a historical-descriptive perspective to molecular-pathophysiological one based on immune response patterns. These are derived few key immunological mediators, each which induces its own characteristic clinical, histopathological, molecular patterns in the skin. This discussion definition information pertinent publications retrieved by selective literature search. A systematic search was also conducted treatment with specific biologic agents. described are: autoinflammation; type 1, cytotoxic; 2a, eczematous; 2b, blistering; 3, psoriasiform; 4a, fibrosing; 4b, granulomatous. Each signature can usually be treated targeted manner. In general, therapeutic target structure associated an adequate if only disease under has relevant type. Hardly any biomarkers currently available for determination routine clinical practice. their opens up prospect specifically immunotherapy pattern regardless entity. Targeting intended improve rates. Initial findings suggest that this strategy likely succeed.

Language: Английский

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A randomized interventional study that compares treatments for vitiligo and anti-vitiligo cream

European Journal of Translational Myology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 26, 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel combination therapy, AVC (Anti-Vitiligo Cream), compared common treatments for vitiligo. A randomized interventional was conducted on 1,000 patients with confirmed vitiligo, aged 7–70 years. Participants were divided into five groups (200 each): oral prednisolone, Tofacitinib, Ruxolitinib, and combined Tofacitinib. Outcomes assessed over two years using Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI), patient satisfaction scores, clinical observations. AVC-based therapies (Groups 4 5) demonstrated superior other treatments. Group 5 (AVC + Tofacitinib) achieved highest outcomes, mean score 90 (IQR: 85–95) treatment significantly higher than 1 (p < 0.001). Regression analysis identified outcomes therapy type as significant predictors satisfaction. particularly in represents groundbreaking approach managing providing enhanced These findings support potential standard option.

Language: Английский

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Potential future targeted therapies for the treatment of vitiligo: focus on phase 2 and 3

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 26, 2025

vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes, leading to depigmented patches on and mucous membranes. Its increasing prevalence impact patients' quality life highlight need for updated therapeutic strategies. this review discusses recent advances in understanding pathogenesis, focusing genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, immune dysregulation-particularly role autoreactive CD8+ T cells inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ. The literature search included clinical trials emerging therapies. Novel approaches, including JAK inhibitors (e.g. povorcitinib, upadacitinib) monoclonal antibodies anifrolumab), are evaluated their efficacy safety based phase II III trial data. targeted therapies that address mechanisms oxidative stress represent promising management may substantially improve patient outcomes near future.

Language: Английский

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Vitiligo: are microbes to blame?

Bioscience of Microbiota Food and Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 16 - 25

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Vitiligo is a prevalent acquired depigmenting disease that distinguished by the depletion of functional melanocytes and epidermal melanin. Despite significant advancements in comprehending vitiligo, precise etiology pathogenesis condition remain elusive. So far, treatment vitiligo still one most difficult dermatological challenges. Thus, developing better understanding to develop more effective treatments very important. has long been acknowledged as an autoimmune disorder, microbes serve crucial regulators immune system, exerting influences on diverse diseases. Numerous studies have revealed involvement microorganisms, including bacteria viruses, progression vitiligo. This review provides concise overview correlation between while also elucidating potential mechanisms which may influence development The ultimate objective offer comprehensive prospects for treatment.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Efficacy of Tofacitinib versus Betamethasone Pulse Therapy in the Treatment of Vitiligo

Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 166 - 169

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder characterized by depigmentation due to melanocyte destruction, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Emerging treatments, including Janus kinase inhibitors like tofacitinib, offer promising alternatives conventional therapies such as corticosteroids. Objective: To compare the efficacy tofacitinib with betamethasone pulse therapy in achieving re-pigmentation vitiligo patients. Methods: This quasi experimental study was conducted on 42 patients either gender ages between 12 and 65 years had history for over one year body surface area affected exceeding 5%, scoring index score more than 10 were included study. Patients divided into 2 equal groups using alternate assignments. Group A treated pulseerapy 4mg twice week. B at dose 5 mg day. Results: Optimal recovery (vitiligo decrease ≥20% from baseline) observed 14 (66.7%) group compared 6 (28.6%) group, highlighting tofacitinib’s superior significant reduction. Over three months, BSA decreased both groups, greater reduction (tofacitinib) (betamethasone). Conclusions: It concluded that may be effective reducing extent severity vitiligo.

Language: Английский

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