Environmental Science & Technology Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(4), P. 292 - 301
Published: March 9, 2023
The
comprehensive
characterization
of
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFASs)
is
necessary
for
the
effective
assessment
management
risk
at
contaminated
sites.
While
current
analytical
methods
are
capable
quantitatively
measuring
a
number
specific
PFASs,
they
do
not
provide
complete
picture
thousands
PFASs
that
utilized
in
commercial
products
potentially
released
into
environment.
These
unmeasured
include
many
PFAS
precursors,
which
may
be
converted
related
chemicals
through
oxidation.
total
oxidizable
precursor
(TOP)
assay
offers
means
bridging
this
gap
by
oxidizing
unknown
precursors
intermediates
converting
them
stable
with
established
standards.
application
TOP
to
samples
from
PFAS-contaminated
sites
has
generated
several
new
insights,
but
it
also
presented
various
technical
challenges
laboratories.
Despite
increased
literature
studies
assay,
there
critical
growing
method
beyond
researchers
academia.
This
article
outlines
benefits
using
aqueous
site
assessments
suggests
ways
address
some
its
limitations.
Chemosphere,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
321, P. 138070 - 138070
Published: Feb. 10, 2023
Given
that
surface
water
is
the
primary
supply
of
drinking
worldwide,
presence
natural
organic
matter
(NOM)
in
presents
difficulties
for
treatment
facilities.
During
disinfection
phase
process,
NOM
aids
creation
toxic
by-products
(DBPs).
This
problem
can
be
effectively
solved
using
nanofiltration
(NF)
membrane
method,
however
significantly
foul
NF
membranes,
degrading
separation
performance
and
integrity,
necessitating
development
fouling-resistant
membranes.
review
offers
a
thorough
analysis
removal
by
along
with
insights
into
operation,
mechanisms,
fouling,
its
controlling
variables.
In
light
engineering
materials
distinctive
features,
potential
surface-engineered
membranes
here
critically
assessed
impact
on
surface,
separation,
antifouling
qualities.
Case
studies
are
evaluated,
properties-to-performance
connections
established,
as
well
challenges,
trends,
predictions
field's
future.
The
effect
alteration
properties,
interactions
solutes
foulants,
applications
all
examined
detail.
Engineered
containing
zwitterionic
polymers
have
greatest
to
improve
permeance,
selectivity,
stability,
performance.
To
support
commercial
applications,
however,
related
material
production,
modification
techniques,
long-term
stability
must
promptly.
Fouling
resistant
would
critical
not
only
industry,
but
also
wide
range
developing
gas
liquid
separations.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(2), P. 451 - 451
Published: Jan. 9, 2025
The
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(US
EPA)
recently
finalized
the
enforceable
maximum
contaminant
levels
for
some
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
in
drinking
water
which
intends
to
substantially
decrease
their
level
it.
Conventional
processes
full-scale
treatment
plants
(DWTPs)
are
usually
inefficient
PFAS
removal
from
source
(i.e.,
groundwater
surface
water).
There
is
an
increasing
interest
investigating/evaluating
advanced
technologies
PFAS-contaminated
help
generate
a
number
of
potential
solutions
this
engineering
design
challenge/problem.
While
numerous
excellent
research
studies
have
been
carried
out
reported
literature
on
efficiency
several
removing
water,
mostly
at
lab-
pilot-scales,
DWTP
investigations
still
need
further
attention.
This
study
reviews
US
EPA’s
quality
guidelines/regulations,
remediation
DWTPs.
Then,
it
discusses
configurations
water)
as
well
suggesting
future
directions.
Further
effect
environmental
factors
(e.g.,
organic
matter)
removal,
effective
elimination
short-chain
real
using
cost-effective
industrially
applicable
technologies,
efficiency/performance
trains
including
innovative
long-term
produce
associated
costs,
cost
reduction/minimization
via
process
optimization
interest.
