
Hydrology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 72 - 72
Published: March 27, 2025
This study aims to assess the vulnerability of groundwater in Nile Delta contamination and evaluate its suitability for drinking irrigation. A total 28 wells (ranging from 23 120 m depth) two surface water samples were analyzed dissolved solids (TDS), heavy metals, quality index (GWQI), hazard quotient (HQ). The findings reveal that deep (60–120 m) displays paleo-water characteristics, with low TDS, hardness, minimal metal contamination. In contrast, shallow (<60 is categorized into three groups: paleo-water-like, recent elevated TDS mixed water. Most (64%) are Ca-HCO3 type, while 28% Na-HCO3, 8% Na-Cl, latter associated sewage infiltration. deemed suitable irrigation, but varied significantly—4% classified as “excellent”, 64% “good”, 32% “poor”. HQ analysis identified manganese a significant health risk, 56% exceeding safe levels. These highlight varying Delta, emphasizing concerns regarding risks particularly manganese, need improved monitoring management.
Language: Английский