Can heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) serve as biomarkers in Antarctica for future ocean acidification, warming and salinity stress?

Polar Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(3), P. 371 - 394

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Abstract The Antarctic Peninsula is one of the fastest-warming places on Earth. Elevated sea water temperatures cause glacier and ice melting. When icebergs melt into ocean, it “freshens” saltwater around them, reducing its salinity. oceans absorb excess anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) causing decline in ocean pH, a process known as acidification. Many marine organisms are specifically affected by warming, freshening Due to sensitivity Antarctica global using biomarkers best way for scientists predict more accurately future climate change provide useful information or ecological risk assessments. 70-kilodalton (kDa) heat shock protein (HSP70) chaperones have been used stress temperate tropical environments. induction HSP70 genes ( Hsp70 that alter intracellular proteins living signal triggered environmental temperature changes. Induction has observed both eukaryotes prokaryotes response stressors including increased decreased temperature, salinity, pH combined effects changes acidification salinity stress. Generally, HSP70s play critical roles numerous complex processes metabolism; their synthesis can usually be during stressful conditions. However, there question whether may serve excellent considering long residence time cold polar environment which appears greatly modified responding transcriptional systems. This review provides insight vital make them ideal candidates identifying resistance resilience abiotic associated with change, organisms.

Language: Английский

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Marine heatwaves hamper neuro-immune and oxidative tolerance toward carbamazepine in Mytilus galloprovincialis

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 300, P. 118970 - 118970

Published: Feb. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Common Sea Star (Asterias rubens) Coelomic Fluid Changes in Response to Short-Term Exposure to Environmental Stressors

Fishes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 51 - 51

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Common sea stars (Asterias rubens) are at risk of physiological stress and decline with projected shifts in oceanic conditions. This study assessed changes coelomic fluid (CF) blood gases, electrolytes, osmolality, coelomocyte counts adult common after exposure to stressors mimicking effects from climate change for 14 days, including decreased pH (−0.4 units, mean: 7.37), hypoxia (target dissolved oxygen ~1.75 mg O2/L, 1.80 O2/L), or increased temperature (+10 °C, 17.2 °C) compared star CF electrolytes osmolality tank water. Changes and/or occurred all treatment groups stressor exposures, indicating adverse systemic evidence energy expenditure, respiratory metabolic derangements, immunosuppression inflammation. At baseline, potassium combined were significantly higher than water, and, was the group as These findings indicate challenges A. rubens exposures given observations wasting events globally, this provides that a broad particularly vulnerable changing oceans.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic Responses of a Lightly Calcified Echinoderm to Experimental Seawater Acidification and Warming during Early Development

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1520 - 1520

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Ocean acidification (OA) and ocean warming (OW) are potential obstacles to the survival growth of marine organisms, particularly those that rely on calcification. This study investigated single joint effects OA OW sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus larvae raised under combinations two temperatures (19 °C or 22 °C) pCO2 levels (400 1000 μatm) reflect current end-of-21st-century projected scenarios. The investigation focused assessing larval development identifying differences in gene expression patterns at four crucial embryo-larval stages (blastula, gastrula, auricularia, doliolaria) cucumbers, using RNA-seq. Results showed detrimental effect early body A. a reduction genes associated with biomineralization, skeletogenesis, ion homeostasis. was pronounced during doliolaria stage, indicating presence bottlenecks this transition phase between megalopa response OA. accelerated across japonicus, especially blastula stages, but resulted widespread upregulation related heat shock proteins, antioxidant defense, immune response. Significantly, negative elevated developmental process appeared be mitigated when accompanied by increased expense reduced resilience system fragility. These findings suggest alterations within provide mechanism adapt stressors arising from rapidly changing oceanic environment.

Language: Английский

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Short-term exposure to independent and combined acidification and warming elicits differential responses from two tropical seagrass-associated invertebrate grazers

Marine Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 170(9)

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Repeated Hyposalinity Pulses Immediately and Persistently Impair the Sea Urchin Adhesive System

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(2), P. 257 - 269

Published: March 5, 2024

Climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events (e.g., storms) that result in repeated pulses hyposalinity nearshore ecosystems. Sea urchins inhabit these ecosystems are stenohaline (restricted to salinity levels ∼32‰), thus particularly susceptible events. As key benthic omnivores, sea use hydrostatic adhesive tube feet for numerous functions, including attachment locomotion on substratum as they graze food. Hyposalinity severely impacts urchin locomotor performance but several ecologically relevant climate change-related questions remain. First, do adhesion acclimate hyposalinity? Second, how respond tensile forces during single events? Third, negative effects exposure persist following a return normal levels? To answer questions, we repeatedly exposed green (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) three different salinities (control: 32‰, moderate hyposalinity: 22‰, severe 16‰) over course two months measured performance, foot behavior. We also parameters 20 h after returned levels. found no evidence properties hyposalinity, at least timescale examined this study. In contrast, has consequences locomotion, adhesion, behavior, not limited exposure. Our results suggest both have potential dislodgment reduce movement, which may impact distribution their role marine communities.

Language: Английский

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Valve gaping behaviour in the European oyster (Ostrea edulis) in response to changes in light intensity when combined with variations in salinity and seawater temperature

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 568, P. 151943 - 151943

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Valve gaping behaviour in bivalve molluscs controls the flow of water across gills that provides both food, and oxygen for respiration. Closure valves also protection from predators poor-quality conditions. Research presented here used a through seawater system with controlled changes salinity temperature, combined continuous measurement valve gape using Hall effect sensors, to study how these variables affect movements European oyster (Ostrea edulis) held under long day-length A clear relationship between periods reduced light intensity maximum was recognised preliminary studies provided benchmark against which compare environmental conditions linked climate change may alter coastal marine bivalves. Oysters collected southwest coast Norway August 2022 were 72 h at full 33.6 temperature 15.8 ± 0.5 °C prior exposure reduction down 18.2 over 3 period. showed an initial width as reached 31.4, decreasing further fell 28.8. All fully closed 20.5. remained this condition throughout subsequent 21 period 18.2. Thereafter increased steps. In first step, 24.2 2 h, there following 22 h. oysters commenced re-opening 22.8 24.2. When 27.3 24 returned approximately their pre-exposure widths. 33.8 delivered tanks d during significantly reduced, after condition. The predicted pattern opening maintained when raised up 20.1 1 steps every However, similar sized increments altered expected patterns behaviour. results indicate increasing occurrences fluxes due have potential disrupt normal oysters, creating additional challenge those they already face invasive species disease.

Language: Английский

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Lethal and sublethal implications of low temperature exposure for three intertidal predators

Journal of Thermal Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 114, P. 103549 - 103549

Published: April 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Lethal and Sublethal Implications of Low Temperature Exposure for Three Intertidal Predators

SSRN Electronic Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Benthic invertebrate predators play a key role in top-down trophic regulation intertidal ecosystems. While the physiological and ecological consequences of exposure to high temperatures during summer low tides are increasingly well-studied, effects cold winter remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified variation body temperature among thermal microhabitats for three common predators, sea stars Pisaster ochraceus Evasterias troschelii dogwhelk Nucella lamellosa , British Columbia, Canada. We then determined supercooling points, survival, feeding rates these species response biologically realistic sub-zero air temperatures. Overall, found that all exhibited evidence internal freezing at relatively mild temperatures, with exhibiting an average point -2.50 °C, averaging approximately -3.99°C. None tested strongly freeze tolerant, as evidenced by moderate-to-low survival after -8 ºC air. highest rate (40%), lowest (0%). All significant decreases two weeks sublethal (-0.5ºC) event. Predator varied field; were base large boulders, on sediment, within crevices had higher tides, compared those situated other microhabitats. However, did not find any behavioural thermoregulation via selective microhabitat use weather. Since less tolerant than their preferred prey, exposures can have important implications organism predator-prey dynamics both local (habitat-driven) geographic (climate-driven) scales.

Language: Английский

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Temperature and reduced pH regulate stress and biomineralization gene expression in larvae and post-larvae of the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus

Marine Biology Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(3-4), P. 187 - 202

Published: April 21, 2022

Seawater temperature, oxygen, salinity and pH are important abiotic factors, changes in which can generate stress marine organisms. Subtidal intertidal species, such as the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus, daily exposed to stressors against they have developed survival mechanisms face environmental challenges. Analysing expression of some key genes response factors due temperature pH, especially early stages development, opens a window knowledge on effect that these benthos In present work larvae post-larvae D. excentricus were high low scenarios. Survival, size gene five genes, involved both (hsp70 IV hsp90 beta-like) biomineralization for skeletogenesis (sm29, sm30A, carbonic anhydrase 14-like mitochondrial proton/calcium exchanger protein LOC575637), analysed 4-, 6-, 8-arms, competent post-larvae. Survival stressed presented significant decrease, up 37% stages. A reduction almost 30 μm was observed when stressful conditions, except where no detected. After treatments, transcripts beta-like up-regulated all larval but hsp70 not. Under tested conditions sm29 sm30A down-regulated post-larvae, while LOC575637 expressions up-regulated. It is evident tolerance seawater has direct metabolic functions depends developmental stage. If laboratory results extrapolated ecosystems, it possible populations this structuring organism may be disturbed with subsequent damage ecosystem balance, until resilient organisms acclimatize adapt their changing habitats.

Language: Английский

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