South African Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
46, P. 386 - 393
Published: Oct. 1, 2023
Water
is
an
absolute
necessity
for
life
and
water
scarcity
a
major
problem
all
over
the
world.
Reusing
household
wastewater
non-potable
applications
one
of
solutions
to
tackle
this
problem.
Many
developing
countries
lack
technological
resources
construct
operate
costly
treatment
plants.
They
need
cost-effective
options
so
that
both
economic
aspects
human
needs
can
be
met
easily.
Centralized
sewage
systems
are
unable
achieve
future
demands
sustainable
management
in
due
growing
population
needs.
The
present
work
examines
effectiveness
treating
urban
with
microbial-earthworm
eco
filters
(MEEs)
(reactor
2)
filter
unit
without
earthworms
1).
Results
use
vermi-biofiltration
comprising
biological
filtration
unit,
Eisenia
fetida
earthworm
species,
live
soil
organisms,
natural
stones
treat
reported
herein.
oxygen
demand
(BOD),
total
dissolved
solids
(TDS),
chemical
(COD),
organic
carbon
(TOC)
were
monitored
seven
weeks.
These
parameters
exhibited
decreasing
trend
units.
A
75%
reduction
TOC
reactor
2
shows
proposed
system
utilization
from
households.
Reactor
also
showed
BOD,
COD,
TDS
approximately
range
85,
90,
30%
respectively.
This
technique
seems
useful
low-cost
purification
water-scarce
areas
using
harmless
bio-organisms.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(8), P. 6842 - 6842
Published: April 18, 2023
The
vermifilter
(VF)
is
regarded
as
a
sustainable
solution
for
treating
rural
sewage.
However,
few
studies
have
investigated
the
performance
of
full-scale
vermifilter.
objective
this
study
to
evaluate
in
reducing
organic
matter,
nutrients,
and
antibiotic-resistant
bacteria
contained
Influent
effluents
were
obtained
from
sewage
treatment
plant
using
VF
UV
disinfection
system.
results
show
significant
removal
(p
<
0.05)
chemical
demand
(COD)
(77%),
biochemical
oxygen
(BOD5)
(84%),
total
nitrogen
(TN)
(53%),
phosphorus
(36%).
Seasonality
an
influential
variable
COD,
BOD5,
TN
removal.
In
addition,
molecular
weight
distribution
shows
that
does
not
generate
considerable
change
matter
(COD
carbon
(TOC))
NH4+-N.
system
eliminated
99%
coliform
bacteria;
however,
they
are
safe
concentrations.
Therefore,
it
possible
detect
resistant
antibiotics
ciprofloxacin,
amoxicillin,
ceftriaxone
at
63.5%,
87.3%,
respectively,
which
detected
effluents.
This
potential
pollution
need
optimize
be
treatment.
Water Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
88(9), P. 2473 - 2489
Published: Oct. 30, 2023
This
study
was
conducted
in
two
natural
meadows:
first,
soils
were
irrigated
with
raw
wastewater
(SIRWW)
and
the
second,
treated
(SITWW).
Earthworms
sampled
eight
soil
blocks
spaced
10
m
apart
at
each
site.
Earthworm
community
characterized
compared
using
density,
biomass,
composition,
structure,
species
richness,
diversity
parameters.
At
both
meadows,
459
earthworm
individuals
from
families
seven
collected.
The
highest
density
richness
recorded
SIRWW.
Nicodrilus
caligenus
most
abundant
species.
Most
of
parameters
decreased
significantly
SITWW.
Only
(N.
Octodrilus
complanatus)
common
between
grasslands.
Among
identified
four
(Allolobophora
longa,
Eisenia
foetida,
Allolobophora
rosea,
chlorotica)
exclusively
present
SIRWW,
whereas
a
single
(Amynthas
sp.)
Three
ecological
groups
(epigeic,
endogeic,
anectic)
represented
dominance
endogeics.
Further
studies
are
needed
to
quantify
pollution
this
accumulation
pollutant
load
earthworms.
It
is
also
important
highlight
relationship
abundance
earthworms
these
ecosystems
biological
activity.
