Scale and ecosystem-based management: Navigating mismatches between socio-ecological systems

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 302, P. 111000 - 111000

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Identifying high risk seafloor areas to bottom trawling in Aotearoa New Zealand to support marine spatial management

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Seafloor species play important ecological roles within marine ecosystems, yet many are vulnerable to the impacts of bottom fishing. Despite known vulnerability seafloor taxa, destructive fishing remains prevalent in parts world given demand for wild-caught seafood. Species Distribution Models (SDMs) increasingly used estimate distribution taxa and possible risk interactions with gears, but most approaches have a limited number taxa. In this study, spatial predictions distributions 207 invertebrate New Zealand waters were combined comprehensive database functional traits related trawling predict areas high vulnerability. addition, estimates redundancy calculated combined, these elucidated ‘high risk’ that covered 182,087 km² (9.5%) study area. The current Marine Management Areas (MMAs) highly fished zones revealed MMAs protect 50% (91,000 km²), less than 1% is areas. This leaves predicted 90,937 (49%) outside protection, some close potentially priority future management. Identifying showcases previously areas, as well highlighting management action. Using different sets approach could also be assess other anthropogenic impacts, improving ecosystem-based by ensuring protection functions at globally significant scales.

Language: Английский

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Spatial Modelling Approaches for Estimating Richness of Benthic Invertebrates Throughout New Zealand Waters

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Understanding the distribution of marine biodiversity is critical for evidence‐based identification areas protection and restoration. Taxonomic richness a key, intuitive component often used to guide spatial planning protection. In this study, we explore relative merits two modelling approaches, stacked species models (S‐SDMs) macro‐ecological (MEMs), mapping benthic invertebrate taxa. Location New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone. Methods Two hundred seven individual layers from SDMs genera were pooled an existing database create single layer. The same occurrence data develop SDMs, comprising over 120k occurrences, was fit MEMs using ensemble approach. Results S‐SDM layer performed poorly when validated against observed richness, while MEM approach well. While there some consistencies in predicted as high substantial differences between methods also apparent, with seemingly better able discern nuanced, fine‐scale patterns richness. Areas by include parts Chatham Rise, large sub‐Antarctic region, continental‐shelf coastal habitat south South Island, north‐east coast North around East Cape Kermadec, Lau‐Colville Macquarie Ridges. Main Conclusions Spatial catchability biases underlying may contribute poor performance suggest not be appropriate datasets limited systematic sampling. predictions provide best available information waters thus offer important current future processes.

Language: Английский

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Increased stratification intensifies surface marine heatwaves north-east of Aotearoa New Zealand in New Zealand’s Earth System model

Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth System Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 75(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

The Western Boundary Current system in the South Pacific is an important element of climate as it carries heat from tropical regions poleward. East Auckland (EAUC) flows along continental shelf break Aotearoa New Zealand’s North Island, transporting into this region. Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) increase ~0.15–0.2°C per decade region, just above global average, and marine heatwaves (MHWs) are projected to intensify despite a predicted decline oceanic volume transport This study investigates possible drivers extreme warming low (SSP1–2.6), medium (SSP2–4.5) high (SSP3–7.0) emission scenario using Earth System model. Our projections suggest mean 5.3% SSP1–2.6, 22% SSP2–4.5 46% SSP3–7.0. Although net (top 1000 m) within decline, near intensifies. turn leads stratification, shallower mixed layers, by 5 m 15 30 SSP3–7.0, more intense MHWs, Increased stratification top 250 contributes SSTs all SSPs, which reach ~2°C SSP1–2.6 4°C Despite overall MHWs further owing sustained reduced wind-induced vertical mixing.

Language: Английский

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Exploring implications of wave characteristics on the functionality of mimetic tubular sponges

Physics of Fluids, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Marine sponges influence the flow hydrodynamics by suction/pumping mechanism. They provide a recirculation and remove pollutants from their residence. Previous studies have validated efficacy of mimetic in improving momentum transfer marine environments. This study endeavors to explore impact wave characteristics (i.e., height period) on near sponges. Both physical numerical simulations were undertaken this phenomenon. Experimental results unveiled that efficiency sponge is contingent upon some circumstances. When waves short period height, suction effects prevail. In such cases, orbital velocity tends be negative direction, leading suppressed fluctuating velocities reduction turbulent kinetic energy throughout water column. Thus, penetration shear layer column occurrence wake-street diminish. Conversely, an increase enhances exchange through Surface Line Integral Convolution Three-Dimensional stream trace visualizations using OpenFOAM insights into generation spirals vortices induced

Language: Английский

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Seamounts ecological modelling: A comprehensive review and assessment of modelling suitability to emergent challenges

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 251, P. 107050 - 107050

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Using joint species distribution modelling to predict distributions of seafloor taxa and identify vulnerable marine ecosystems in New Zealand waters

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(11), P. 3103 - 3127

Published: July 30, 2024

Abstract Effective ecosystem-based management of bottom-contacting fisheries requires understanding how disturbances from fishing affect seafloor fauna over a wide range spatial and temporal scales. Spatial predictions abundance for 67 taxa were developed, using an extensive dataset faunal abundances collected towed camera system spatially explicit predictor variables including bottom-trawl effort, Joint Species Distribution Model ( JSDM ). The model fit metrics varied by taxon: the mean tenfold cross-validated AUC score was 0.70 ± 0.1 (standard deviation) presence–absence R 2 0.11 models. probability occurrence (individuals per km ) taxon, but there key areas overlap, with highest predicted taxon richness in continental shelf break slope. resulting joint represent significant advances on previous because they are abundance, allow exploration co-occurrence patterns provide credible estimates (including rare species that often not included more commonly used single-species distribution modelling). Habitat-forming considered to be Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem (VME) indicators (those physically or functionally fragile anthropogenic impacts) identified dataset. likely VME (as well as associated uncertainty) study area. Identifying most (rather than simply indicator taxa) provides much needed quantitative vulnerable habitats, facilitates evidence-based approach managing potential impacts bottom-trawling.

Language: Английский

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Identifying climate refugia for vulnerable marine ecosystem indicator taxa under future climate change scenarios

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 373, P. 122635 - 122635

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Contrasting performance of marine spatial planning for achieving multiple objectives at national and regional scales

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 106978 - 106978

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

Although spatially explicit decision support tools are widely used in marine conservation planning, only a few studies have multi-objective approaches to explicitly achieve biodiversity and sustainable use objectives. Here, we spatial analyses of comprehensive environment-based classification (developed using Gradient Forest modelling) that summarises patterns demersal fish composition turnover the oceans around New Zealand, 20-year record trawl locations (representing by fishers), identify options for protection vary their relative delivery outcomes impacts on fishers. We also compare carried out at national scale with those generated aggregating independent regional analyses. The top-ranked 20% sites identified data alone would average protect 33% geographic range each species, but result 58% loss areas currently fished. By contrast, as cost layer reduced 23% terms, fished was almost eliminated. Using different weightings influence footprint, intermediate scenarios were delivered greater than fully cost-constrained scenario. However, these resulted reductions area retained fishers optimised Aggregated lower returns higher fisheries comparable single scenarios, reflecting constraining opportunities whilst avoiding overlaps trawling. While stakeholder MPA design processes often occur scales, our demonstrate value considering both optimal reserve configurations.

Language: Английский

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Predicting the cumulative effects of multiple stressors on shellfish ecosystem service potential

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 259, P. 107486 - 107486

Published: Nov. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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