Chemistry and Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 34
Published: Dec. 17, 2024
Abiotic stress factors in soils, such as heavy metal contamination, nutrient imbalances, salinity, and drought, severely impact plant growth, yield, the sustainability of agricultural environmental systems. This review presents a comprehensive analysis existing literature using data-driven bibliometric 3994 studies, examining how plants respond to these stressors effectiveness various mitigation strategies. Key findings show that activate antioxidant defenses (e.g. catalase, peroxidase) mitigate oxidative utilise hormones root adaptations endure drought salinity. Heavy disrupts essential metabolic processes, while imbalances are exacerbated by salinity water scarcity. Mitigation strategies range from stress-resistant crop breeding, use halophytes for remediation, application beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms, engineered nanoparticles (ZnO, TiO2, FeO, etc.), carbon-based materials like biochar compost. These have broad ecological implications, restore ecosystem functions, improve biodiversity, enhance resilience against climate-related challenges. underscores need integrated approaches combining biological, genetic, technological innovations strengthen abiotic stresses supporting balance sustainability. Future research should focus on scalable, cost-effective solutions tolerance, restoration, productivity diverse conditions.
Language: Английский