The Role of Selected Flavonoids in Modulating Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential DOI Creative Commons

Joanna Kruszka,

Jakub Martyński,

Karolina Szewczyk‐Golec

et al.

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 485 - 485

Published: May 5, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and chronic neuroinflammation. Growing evidence highlights neuroinflammation—driven microglial activation pro-inflammatory cytokine release—as key contributor to AD pathogenesis progression. In the absence of effective disease-modifying therapies, attention has turned natural compounds with multi-target potential. Flavonoids, diverse class plant-derived polyphenols, have demonstrated neuroprotective properties through antioxidant activity, modulation neuroinflammatory pathways, interference both Aβ aggregation pathology. This narrative review provides an integrative overview current findings on mechanisms action flavonoids—such as quercetin, luteolin, apigenin—in preclinical clinical models. Emphasis placed their effects polarization, stress reduction, mitochondrial support, synaptic function enhancement. Moreover, flavonoids show synergistic potential when combined standard pharmacotherapies, such acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, may offer broader benefits in patients mild impairment (MCI). Despite these promising findings, significant challenges persist, including poor bioavailability, inter-individual variability, limited long-term data. identifies critical gaps knowledge outlines future directions, targeted drug delivery systems, biomarker-guided personalization, long-duration trials. Flavonoids thus emerge not only agents but also complementary candidates development multi-modal strategies for treatment.

Language: Английский

Synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection: The molecular impact of flavonoids on neurodegenerative disease progression DOI

Spandana Rajendra Kopalli,

Tapan Behl,

Ashishkumar Kyada

et al.

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 569, P. 161 - 183

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Targeting miRNA with flavonoids: unlocking novel pathways in cardiovascular disease management DOI Creative Commons

Arya Tjipta Prananda,

Princella Halim, Rony Abdi Syahputra

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 6, 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with complex pathophysiological mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and endothelial dysfunction driving progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class non-coding RNAs, have emerged key regulators gene expression involved in these processes, positioning them potential biomarkers therapeutic targets CVD management. Simultaneously, flavonoids, naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds found various plant-based foods, gained attention for their cardioprotective properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic effects. Recent studies suggest novel intersection between flavonoids miRNAs, where may modulate specific miRNAs implicated pathogenesis. This review explores miRNA modulators, focusing on ability to regulate associated cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, vascular inflammation. By bridging targeting, this highlights innovative pathways advancing treatment strategies. Additionally, preclinical clinical evidence supporting interactions is discussed, alongside challenges opportunities developing flavonoid-based therapies. Unlocking synergy could pave way more effective, personalized approaches management, addressing unmet needs contemporary cardiovascular care.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Nano-Phytoconstituents: Recent Advances, Regulatory Insights, Challenges, and Future Horizons DOI
M H Miran Beygi, Fatemeh Oroojalian, Sercan Karav

et al.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106908 - 106908

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exploring Oxidative Stress Mechanisms of Nanoparticles Using Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Toxicological and Pharmaceutical Insights DOI Creative Commons
Denisa Batîr-Marin, Monica Boev, Oana Cioancă

et al.

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 489 - 489

Published: April 18, 2025

Nanoparticles (NPs) have revolutionized biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, widespread use has raised concerns regarding potential toxicity, particularly mediated by oxidative stress mechanisms. This redox imbalance, primarily driven the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a central role in NP-induced leading cellular dysfunction, inflammation, apoptosis, genotoxicity. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) emerged as powerful vivo model for nanotoxicology, offering advantages such genetic similarity humans, rapid development, optical transparency, allowing real-time monitoring damage. review synthesizes current findings on zebrafish, highlighting key toxicity mechanisms case studies involving metallic (gold, silver, copper), metal oxide (zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide), polymeric, lipid-based NPs. The influence NP properties, size, surface charge, functionalization, responses is explored. Additionally, experimental approaches used assess ROS generation, antioxidant enzyme activity, damage biomarkers zebrafish models are examined. In addition concerns, antioxidant-modified NPs evaluated, drug delivery, neuroprotection, disease therapeutics. Notably, show that curcumin- quercetin-loaded nanoparticles enhance defense reduce neurotoxicity models, demonstrating promise neuroprotective therapies. Furthermore, cerium nanoparticles, which mimic catalase SOD enzymatic shown significant efficacy reducing protecting against Challenges zebrafish-based need standardized methodologies, future directions optimizing design minimize stress-related risks also discussed. By integrating insights from mechanisms, studies, strategies, this supports development safer more effective nanoparticle-based therapies while addressing challenges toxicity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Nanoformulations of Isoflavones: Mechanistic insights and Translational research DOI

Riya Chauhan,

Neelam Poonia,

Rudra Narayan Subudhi

et al.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106948 - 106948

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Nanotechnology-Based Delivery Systems for Enhanced Targeting of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Exploring Inorganic and Organic Nanoparticles as Targeted Carriers DOI Creative Commons
Yana Gvozdeva

Kinases and Phosphatases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 9 - 9

Published: April 21, 2025

Kinase inhibitors are small molecules that block kinase activity and have significant applications in both therapy diagnostics. Recent studies suggest these hold great potential as targets for treating a range of diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, inflammatory diseases like ulcerative colitis. Ongoing research focuses on developing effective carriers tyrosine (TKIs) to enhance treatment outcomes while reducing side effects. The nano-scale drug demonstrated the ability encapsulate wide imaging therapeutic agents, enhancing tumor diagnosis treatment. Notably, incorporation drugs with poor pharmacokinetics into nanocarriers enhances their solubility stability, offering renewed opportunity assess full potential. entrapped agents can be released controlled manner maintain specific concentration within framework or triggered by stimuli such time pH target particular tissues cells. multifunctionality nanosystems offers promising avenue innovative inhibitor (TKI) delivery strategies serve alternative options cancer other diseases. This review aims provide comprehensive overview systems TKIs, standalone treatments combination approaches. We discuss comparative advantages limitations future small-molecule TKIs research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Natural flavonoids from herbs and nutraceuticals as ferroptosis inhibitors in central nervous system diseases: current preclinical evidence and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons

Qiuhe Li,

Xiaohang Yang, Tiegang Li

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 24, 2025

Flavonoids are a class of important polyphenolic compounds, renowned for their antioxidant properties. However, recent studies have uncovered an additional function these natural flavonoids: ability to inhibit ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is key mechanism driving cell death in central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including both acute injuries and chronic neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by iron overload-induced lipid peroxidation dysfunction the defense system. This review discusses therapeutic potential flavonoids from herbs nutraceuticals as ferroptosis inhibitors CNS focusing on molecular mechanisms, summarizing findings preclinical animal models, providing insights clinical translation. We specifically highlight such Baicalin, Baicalein, Chrysin, Vitexin, Galangin, Quercetin, Isoquercetin, Eriodictyol, Proanthocyanidin, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Dihydromyricetin, Soybean Isoflavones, Calycosin, Icariside II, Safflower Yellow, which shown promising results models injuries, ischemic stroke, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid traumatic brain spinal cord injury. Among these, Baicalin its precursor Baicalein stand out due extensive research favorable outcomes injury models. Mechanistically, not only regulate Nrf2/ARE pathway activate GPX4/GSH-related pathways but also modulate metabolism proteins, thereby alleviating overload inhibiting While show promise especially settings, further needed evaluate efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, blood-brain barrier penetration application.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Harnessing Potential of Liposomal Drug Carriers for Enhanced Pharmacokinetic Profile of Flavonoids DOI
Nazir Hussain, S. K. Dubey,

C.K. Katiyar

et al.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106978 - 106978

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Role of Selected Flavonoids in Modulating Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential DOI Creative Commons

Joanna Kruszka,

Jakub Martyński,

Karolina Szewczyk‐Golec

et al.

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 485 - 485

Published: May 5, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and chronic neuroinflammation. Growing evidence highlights neuroinflammation—driven microglial activation pro-inflammatory cytokine release—as key contributor to AD pathogenesis progression. In the absence of effective disease-modifying therapies, attention has turned natural compounds with multi-target potential. Flavonoids, diverse class plant-derived polyphenols, have demonstrated neuroprotective properties through antioxidant activity, modulation neuroinflammatory pathways, interference both Aβ aggregation pathology. This narrative review provides an integrative overview current findings on mechanisms action flavonoids—such as quercetin, luteolin, apigenin—in preclinical clinical models. Emphasis placed their effects polarization, stress reduction, mitochondrial support, synaptic function enhancement. Moreover, flavonoids show synergistic potential when combined standard pharmacotherapies, such acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, may offer broader benefits in patients mild impairment (MCI). Despite these promising findings, significant challenges persist, including poor bioavailability, inter-individual variability, limited long-term data. identifies critical gaps knowledge outlines future directions, targeted drug delivery systems, biomarker-guided personalization, long-duration trials. Flavonoids thus emerge not only agents but also complementary candidates development multi-modal strategies for treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

0