Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Epigenetic Alterations in Metabolic Diseases

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 985 - 985

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Gut dysbiosis, resulting from an imbalance in the gut microbiome, can induce excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to inflammation, DNA damage, activation immune system, and epigenetic alterations critical genes involved metabolic pathways. dysbiosis-induced inflammation also disrupt barrier integrity increase intestinal permeability, which allows gut-derived toxic products enter liver systemic circulation, further triggering oxidative stress, associated with diseases. However, specific metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, vitamins, modulate stress system through mechanisms, thereby improving function. microbiota diet-induced diseases, obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, transfer next generation, involving mechanisms. In this review, we will introduce key that, along dysbiosis ROS, are engaged developing Finally, discuss potential therapeutic interventions dietary modifications, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, fecal transplantation, may reduce syndrome by altering alterations. summary, review highlights crucial role pathogenesis a particular focus on (including histone methylomics, RNA interference) that prevent or improve

Language: Английский

Epigenetics in evolution and adaptation to environmental challenges: pathways for disease prevention and treatment

Epigenomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Adaptation to challenging environmental conditions is crucial for the survival/fitness of all organisms. Alongside genetic mutations that provide adaptive potential during challenges, epigenetic modifications offer dynamic, reversible, and rapid mechanisms regulating gene expression in response changes both evolution daily life, without altering DNA sequences or relying on accidental favorable mutations. The widespread conservation diverse – like methylation, histone modifications, RNA interference across species, including plants underscores their significance evolutionary biology. Remarkably, environmentally induced alterations are passed daughter cells inherited transgenerationally through germline cells, shaping offspring phenotypes while preserving memory. Throughout anthropoid evolution, have played roles in: i) suppressing transposable elements viral genomes intruding into host genome; ii) inactivating one X chromosomes female balance dosage; iii) imprinting ensure from parental allele; iv) functional alleles compensate dysfunctional ones; v) modulating epigenome transcriptome influence gut microbiome among other functions. Understanding interplay between factors processes may valuable insights developmental plasticity, dynamics, disease susceptibility.

Language: Английский

Maternal Protein Restriction Impairs Intestinal Morphophysiology and Antioxidant System in Young Male Offspring Rats

Experimental Cell Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 446(1), P. 114464 - 114464

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский