Phytotherapy Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 2, 2024
Abstract
Vascular
dementia
(VaD)
is
a
prevalent
form
of
stemming
from
cerebrovascular
disease,
manifesting
in
memory
impairment
and
executive
dysfunction,
thereby
imposing
substantial
societal
burden.
Unfortunately,
no
drugs
have
been
approved
for
the
treatment
VaD
due
to
its
intricate
pathogenesis,
development
innovative
efficacious
medications
urgently
needed.
Apoptosis,
programmed
cell
death
process
crucial
eliminating
damaged
or
unwanted
cells
within
an
organism,
assumes
pivotal
roles
embryonic
tissue
homeostasis
maintenance.
An
increasing
body
evidence
indicates
that
apoptosis
may
significantly
influence
onset
progression
VaD,
numerous
natural
compounds
demonstrated
significant
therapeutic
potential.
Here,
we
discuss
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
correlation
with
VaD.
We
also
provide
reference
developing
pharmaceuticals
by
systematically
reviewing
latest
research
progress
concerning
neuroprotective
effects
on
regulating
apoptosis.
Further
high‐quality
clinical
studies
are
imperative
firmly
ascertain
these
compounds'
efficacy
safety
profiles
International Journal of Hyperthermia,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
42(1)
Published: Feb. 23, 2025
Objective
Cardiovascular
injury
is
a
common
complication
of
heat
stroke
(HS).
However,
the
mechanism
underlying
vascular
smooth
muscle
cells
(VSMCs)
following
HS
remains
unclear.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
20(3), P. e0316279 - e0316279
Published: March 3, 2025
Minor
ginsenosides
exhibit
enhanced
pharmacological
effects
in
comparison
to
the
major
ginsenosides.
However,
natural
content
of
minor
plants
is
typically
insufficient
satisfy
clinical
demand.
Therefore,
we
investigated
biotransformation
Panax
notoginseng
by
fungus
Aspergillus
tubingensis.
The
transformation
products
were
analyzed
using
TLC,
HPLC,
and
LC-MS
techniques
propose
pathways
A.
tubingensis
was
found
transform
main
into
15
ginsenosides,
inculding
(R/S)-Rg3,
Rk1,
Rg5,
F2,
(R/S)-Rh1,
Rk3,
Rh4,
(R/S)-Rg2,
F4,
Rg6
(R/S)-R2.
reactions
encompassed
isomerization,
hydrolysis
dehydration.
We
have
also
optimized
reaction
temperature
pH
for
crude
enzyme
extracted
from
this
fungus,
which
has
a
molecular
weight
66
kDa.
Based
on
our
current
knowledge,
transformative
characteristic
initially
documented
concurrent
PPD
PPT
type
saponins
P.
notoginseng.
This
method
preparing
will
be
valuable
development
as
traditional
medicinal
material.
Genes & Diseases,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(6), P. 2479 - 2490
Published: Nov. 29, 2022
Post-translational
modifications
(PTM)
are
covalent
of
proteins
or
peptides
caused
by
proteolytic
cleavage
the
attachment
moieties
to
one
more
amino
acids.
PTMs
play
essential
roles
in
biological
function
and
regulation
have
been
linked
with
several
diseases.
Modifications
protein
acylation
(Kac),
a
type
PTM,
known
induce
epigenetic
regulatory
processes
that
promote
various
Thus,
an
increasing
number
studies
focusing
on
being
undertaken.
Butyrylation
(Kbu)
is
new
process
found
animals
plants.
Kbu
has
recently
onset
progression
diseases,
such
as
cancer,
cardiovascular
diabetes,
vascular
dementia.
Moreover,
mode
action
certain
drugs
used
treatment
lymphoma
colon
cancer
based
butyrylation
levels,
suggesting
may
therapeutic
role
these
In
addition,
also
commonly
involved
rice
gene
expression
thus
plays
important
growth,
development,
metabolism
rice.
The
tools
analytical
methods
could
be
utilized
for
prediction
detection
lysine
investigated.
This
study
reviews
potential
histone
Kbu,
well
mechanisms
underlying
this
process.
It
summarizes
enzymes
associated
goal
providing
insights
into
BMB Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
56(10), P. 551 - 556
Published: Aug. 16, 2023
Ginsenosides,
among
the
most
active
components
of
ginseng,
exhibit
several
therapeutic
effects
against
cancer,
diabetes,
and
other
metabolic
diseases.However,
molecular
mechanism
underlying
anti-osteoporotic
activity
ginsenoside
Rg2,
a
major
ginsenoside,
has
not
been
clearly
elucidated.This
study
aimed
to
determine
Rg2
on
receptor
activator
nuclear
factor-κB
ligand
(RANKL)-induced
osteoclast
formation.Results
indicate
that
inhibits
RANKLinduced
differentiation
bone
marrow
macrophages
(BMMs)
without
cytotoxicity.Pretreatment
with
significantly
reduced
RANKL-induced
gene
expression
c-fos
factor
activated
T-cells
(Nfatc1),
as
well
osteoclast-specific
markers
tartrate-resistant
acid
phosphatase
(TRAP,
Acp5)
osteoclast-associated
(Oscar).Moreover,
phosphorylation
mitogen-activated
protein
kinases
(MAPKs)
was
decreased
by
in
BMM.Therefore,
we
suggest
suppresses
through
regulation
MAPK
signaling-mediated
could
be
developed
drug
for
prevention
treatment
osteoporosis.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(24), P. 17290 - 17290
Published: Dec. 9, 2023
Ginseng
is
usually
consumed
as
a
daily
food
supplement
to
improve
health
and
has
been
shown
benefit
skeletal
muscle,
glucose
metabolism,
ameliorate
muscle-wasting
conditions,
cardiovascular
diseases,
stroke,
the
effects
of
aging
cancers.
also
reported
help
maintain
bone
strength
liver
(digestion,
detoxification,
protein
synthesis)
kidney
functions.
In
addition,
ginseng
often
used
treat
age-associated
neurodegenerative
disorders,
ginseng-derived
natural
products
are
popular
remedies
for
diseases
such
diabetes,
obesity,
oxidative
stress,
inflammation,
well
fungal,
bacterial,
viral
infections.
well-known
herbal
medication,
known
alleviate
actions
several
cytokines.
The
article
concludes
with
future
directions
significant
application
compounds
researchers
in
understanding
promising
role
treatment
diseases.
Overall,
this
study
was
undertaken
highlight
broad-spectrum
therapeutic
applications
management.
