Biological interactions of polystyrene nanoplastics: Their cytotoxic and immunotoxic effects on the hepatic and enteric systems

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 115447 - 115447

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

As emerging pollutants in the environment, nanoplastics (NPs) can cross biological barriers and be enriched organisms, posing a greatest threat to health of livestock humans. However, size-dependent toxic effects NPs higher mammals remain largely unknown. To determine potential toxicities NPs, we exposed mouse (AML-12) human (L02) liver cell lines vitro, 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice (well-known preclinical model) vivo five different sizes polystyrene (PS-NPs) (20, 50, 100, 200 500 nm). We found that ultra-small (20 nm) induced highest cytotoxicity lines, causing oxidative stress mitochondrial membrane loss on AML-12 cells. Unexpectedly vivo, after long-term oral exposure PS-NPs (75 mg/kg), medium (200 large (500 significant hepatotoxicity, evidenced by increased stress, dysfunction, lipid metabolism disorders. Most importantly, or generated local immunotoxic via recruiting activating more numbers neutrophils monocytes intestine, which potentially resulted proinflammatory cytokine secretion tissue damage. The discrepancy vitro-in results might attributed properties biodistribution accumulation sized vivo. Our study provides new insights regarding hepatotoxicity immunotoxicity health, warranting us take immense measures prevent these NPs-associated

Language: Английский

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Impact of microplastics and nanoplastics on fish health and reproduction

Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 590, P. 741037 - 741037

Published: May 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Subchronic oral exposure to polystyrene microplastics affects hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative balance in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 279, P. 116455 - 116455

Published: May 20, 2024

Microplastics (MPs) pose a clear threat to aquatic organisms affecting their health. Their impact on liver homeostasis, as well the potential onset of nonalcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD), is still poorly investigated and remains almost unknown. The aim this study was evaluate outcomes subchronic exposure polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs; 1–20 μm; 0, 25, or 250 mg/kg b.w./day) lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative balance in gilthead seabreams (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758) exposed for 21 days via contaminated food. PS-MPs induced an up-regulation mRNA levels crucial genes associated with synthesis storage (i.e., PPARy, Srebp1, Fasn) without modifications involved catabolism PPARα, HL, Pla2) transport metabolism (Fabp1) liver. increase CSF1R pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression TNF-α IL-1β) also observed fish dose-dependent manner. These findings were confirmed by hepatic histological evaluations reporting evidence accumulation, necrosis. Moreover, caused impairment antioxidant defense system through alteration its enzymatic (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase) non-enzymatic (glutathione) components, resulting increased production reactive oxygen species (ROS) malondialdehyde (MDA), biomarkers damage. detoxifying enzymes inferred decreased Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity glutathione-S-transferase (GST) at highest PS-MP dose. suggests that affect health seabream. dysfunction damage result from detrimental interplay damage, systems modifications, altering gut-liver axis homeostasis. This scenario suggestive involvement MP-induced effects progression

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in coastal and marine environments: A critical issue of plastic pollution on marine organisms, seafood contaminations, and human health implications

Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100663 - 100663

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Polystyrene nanoplastics trigger ferroptosis in Nrf2-deficient gut via ether phospholipid accumulation

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 197, P. 109367 - 109367

Published: March 1, 2025

The widespread environmental presence of nanoplastics (NPs) raises significant concerns about their health impacts, particularly on the gastrointestinal system, as NPs are primarily ingested. While previous studies have linked NP-induced intestinal toxicity to oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, specific mechanisms cell death remain unclear. Here, we showed that environmentally relevant concentrations polystyrene (PS-NPs) induced ferroptosis, a form lipid peroxidation-driven death, in epithelial cells. Using epithelial-specific Nrf2-deficient mice (Nrf2fl/fl-VilCre+) human Caco-2 cells, demonstrated Nrf2, key regulator, play protective role against PS-NP-induced ferroptosis. PS-NP exposure disrupted ether phospholipid metabolism, leading accumulation polyunsaturated fatty acid-ether phospholipids heightened peroxidation intestines Nrf2fl/fl-VilCre+ mice. This increased susceptibility cells Additionally, high-fat diet further exacerbated this effect, suggesting individuals with reduced NRF2 activity poor dietary habits may be especially vulnerable damage. Our findings offered new insights into molecular underscored risks posed by exposure, populations compromised antioxidant defenses.

Language: Английский

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