High-Resolution Tracking of Aging-Related Small Molecules: Bridging Pollutant Exposure, Brain Aging Mechanisms, and Detection Innovations

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 242 - 242

Published: April 11, 2025

Brain aging is a complex process regulated by genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors, increasing evidence suggests that environmental pollutants can significantly accelerate this interfering with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial function-related signaling pathways. Traditional studies have focused on the direct damage of macromolecules (e.g., proteins, DNA), while central role senescence-associated small molecules ROS, PGE2, lactate) in early regulatory mechanisms has been long neglected. In study, we innovatively proposed cascade framework “small molecule imbalance-signaling pathway dysregulation-macromolecule collapse”, which reveals exacerbate dynamics brain through activation NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles inhibition HIF-1α. Meanwhile, to address technical bottleneck spatiotemporal monitoring, paper systematically reviews cutting-edge detection tools such as electrochemical sensors, genetically encoded fluorescent probes antioxidant quantum dots (AQDs). Among them, AQDs show unique advantages real-time monitoring ROS fluctuations intervention virtue their ultra-high specific surface area, controllable modification, free radical scavenging ability. By integrating multimodal techniques mechanism studies, work provides new perspective for analyzing pollutant-induced lays methodological foundation strategies based networks.

Language: Английский

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Orally Administered Zn_xCe_yO₂/Se Hydrogel with Effective Antioxidant Activity for Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Inhibiting Ferroptosis

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2025

Abstract Oxidative stress leads to intestinal barrier damage, which induces immune responses occur and further promotes oxidative exacerbating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this work, the multifunctional Zn x Ce y O 2 /Se (ZCSO) nanozyme wrapped with acid‐resistant calcium alginate hydrogel designed for oral administration is prepared. The ZCSO can promote activation of Nrf2 pathway, then significantly improve efficiency scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) up‐regulate protein expression glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), closely related inhibition ferroptosis. addition, inhibiting growth some pathogenic bacteria proliferating due shows a positive regulation flora reduces secretion pro‐inflammatory factors levels macrophages, achieving significant preventive delayed therapeutic effect colitis mice. Consequently, distinctive properties render it promising candidate treatment IBD by effectively ROS, thereby interrupting detrimental cycle between response, ultimately promoting proliferation epithelial cells reestablish integrity mucosal barrier.

Language: Английский

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Selenomethionine Supplementation Mitigates Liver Dysfunction, Oxidative Injury and Apoptosis through Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity and Inhibiting JNK MAPK Pathway in Piglets Fed Deoxynivalenol-Contaminated Diets

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 295 - 295

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

This research evaluated the impacts of selenomethionine (Se-Met) on hepatic functions, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis piglets fed deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated diets. Twenty-four were allocated four dietary treatments (n = 6) in a 28-day feeding trial. The included control group, which received 0.3 mg/kg Se (as Se-Met) without DON treatment, treatment groups 0, 0.3, or 0.5 as Se-Met. A addition improved liver pathology reduced serum aspartate aminotransferase lactate dehydrogenase levels DON-contaminated Furthermore, mitigated stress diets, indicated by decreased reactive oxygen species level, down-regulated mRNA NRF-1, Bax, CASP9 liver. Importantly, enhanced antioxidant capacity, evidenced increased total catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase activities, well up-regulated Nrf2, Gclm, NQO1, SOD1, GPX1 Moreover, p-JNK protein level Collectively, Se-Met supplementation dysfunction, injury, through enhancing capacity inhibiting JNK MAPK pathway

Language: Английский

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Both hemoglobin and hemin cause damage to retinal pigment epithelium through the iron ion accumulation

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 155(2), P. 44 - 51

Published: April 2, 2024

Subretinal hemorrhages result in poor vision and visual field defects. During hemorrhage, several potentially toxic substances are released from iron-based hemoglobin hemin, inducing cellular damage, the detailed mechanisms of which remain unknown. We examined effects excess intracellular iron on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. A Fe2+ probe, SiRhoNox-1 was used to investigate accumulation after treatment with or hemin human RPE cell line ARPE-19. also evaluated production reactive oxygen species (ROS) lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, protective effect of-an chelator, 2,2′-bipyridyl (BP), ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) evaluated. increased hemoglobin- hemin-treated groups, as well ROS In contrast, BP suppressed death, production, Pretreatment Fer-1 ameliorated death a concentration-dependent manner Taken together, these findings indicate that subretinal may induce damage dysfunction via accumulation.

Language: Английский

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Bacillus subtilis fmbj ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal dysfunction in broilers by enhancing the SIRT1/PGC1α pathway

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(8), P. 103964 - 103964

Published: June 12, 2024

This study aimed to explore the impact of dietary Bacillus subtilis fmbj (BS) supplementation on acute intestinal dysfunction induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in broilers. One hundred and eighty 1-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into three treatment groups, each comprising ten replicates 6 birds. On d 20, LPS-challenged (LPS group LPS-BS group) LPS-unchallenged (CON received intraperitoneal injections 1 mg/kg body weight LPS solution an equivalent volume sterile saline, respectively. Compared CON group, disrupted (P < 0.05) morphology small intestine (jejunum or ileum), exacerbated serum, intestinal, mitochondrial antioxidant capacity, oxidative damage, altered expression genes proteins related antioxidants, cell adhesion, function jejunum. The exhibited a tendency towards improvement morphology, jejunum when compared group. In conclusion, BS may confer protection against LPS-induced enhancing activation SIRT1/PGC1α, suggesting its potential as valuable additive for poultry industry.

Language: Английский

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