The micro(nano)plastics perspective: exploring cancer development and therapy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Microplastics, as an emerging environmental pollutant, have received widespread attention for their potential impact on ecosystems and human health. Microplastics are defined plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter can be categorized primary secondary microplastics. Primary microplastics usually originate directly from industrial production, while formed by the degradation of larger items. capable triggering cytotoxicity chronic inflammation, may promote cancer through mechanisms such pro-inflammatory responses, oxidative stress endocrine disruption. In addition, improved bring new perspectives to therapy, studies drug carriers underway, showing high targeting bioavailability. Although current suggest association between certain cancers (e.g., lung, liver, breast cancers), long-term effects specific still need studied. This review aimed at exploring carcinogenicity promising applications therapy provides important directions future research emphasizes multidisciplinary collaboration address this global health challenge.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of Immune Responses in Acanthopagrus latus to Streptococcus agalactiae Infection Revealed by Transcriptomic Analysis

Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 110114 - 110114

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms and treatment approaches for ACLF

Liver International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 16, 2023

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by decompensation of cirrhosis, severe systemic inflammation and organ failures. ACLF frequently triggered intra- and/or extrahepatic insults, such as bacterial infections, alcohol-related hepatitis or flares hepatic viruses. The imbalance between immune tolerance causes failures through the following mechanisms: (i) direct damage cells/mediators; (ii) worsening circulatory dysfunction resulting in hypoperfusion (iii) metabolic alterations with prioritization energetic substrates for peripheral 'energetic crisis'. Currently, management includes support failures, identification treatment precipitating factors expedited assessment transplantation (LT). Early LT should be considered patients grade 3, who are unlikely to recover available treatments have mortality rate > 70% at 28 days. However, selection transplant candidates their on waiting list need standardization. Future challenges field include better understanding pathophysiological mechanisms leading development specific disease personalized approaches. Herein, we reviewed current knowledge future perspectives ACLF.

Language: Английский

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Cytokine adsorption in patients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (CYTOHEP)—A single center, open‐label, three‐arm, randomized, controlled intervention pilot trial

Artificial Organs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(10), P. 1150 - 1161

Published: May 21, 2024

To investigate the efficacy of bilirubin reduction by hemoadsorption with CytoSorb® in patients acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Language: Английский

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Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis reveals a specific monocyte subset associated with an increased risk of progression to ACLF

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Abstract Background Patients with acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis are at high risk developing acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), a syndrome characterized by multiple organ and short-term mortality. This study aimed to analyse alterations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) patients AD using single-cell technologies explore their implications for stratification prognosis. Methods A total 63 15 healthy donors were enrolled five European centers, samples collected upon hospital admission. monitored 90 days after inclusion, focusing on readmission related the development ACLF. Cellular indexing transcriptomes epitopes sequencing (CITE-seq) was performed PBMCs from 16 (n=6 without readmission, n=6 n=4 ACLF development) along 4 controls. The whole same assessed bulk RNA-seq. transcriptional profiles two independent prospective multicentre cohorts (PREDICT (n=689) ACLARA (n=521)) included as validation cohorts. Results Cell proportion analysis revealed significant increase classical monocytes subsequent development. Notably, represented cell type highest alterations. Within monocyte population, specific subcluster, termed “C2”, identified found be enriched during progression towards monocytic subpopulation primarily decreased expression genes encoding enzymes relevant cellular energy supply, such oxidative phosphorylation ATP production. Pathway confirmed marked impairment metabolism pathways within C2 subcluster. gene signature derived that significantly increased bacterial infection, non-survivors multicenter AD. Conclusion who subsequently develop exhibiting features impaired pathways.

Language: Английский

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Association between neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio and short term prognosis of acute on chronic liver failure treated with artificial liver support system

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

The impact of neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) on the outcome acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is scant. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients with ACLF treated artificial support system (ALSS). diagnosed according to Chinese Group Study Severe Hepatitis B-ACLF (COSSH ACLF) criteria. Disease severity rated COSSH score. Restricted cubic splines, linear or Cox regression models were used investigate relationships baseline NPAR disease and 90-day prognosis. transplant-free overall survival rates 258 eligible 58.5% 66.3%, respectively. survivors lower than that transplant death (22.8 ± 4.4 vs. 25.3 3.7, P < 0.001). positively associated score (adjusted β (95% CI) > 0, 0.001), HR for death: 1.07 (1.02–1.13), = 0.007), 1.09 (1.03–1.15), 0.003). Patients ≥ 22.4 had poor prognosis compared rest (all adjusted 1, 0.05). short-term who underwent ALSS treatment. Thus, it could be as a prognostic biomarker ACLF.

Language: Английский

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The use of laser therapy to improve microcirculatory processes in mechanical jaundice

Fizioterapevt (Physiotherapist), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 1, P. 52 - 57

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Objective. The aim of the work is to study effects laser therapy on microcirculatory processes in patients with obstructive jaundice. Material and methods: A clinical laboratory 40 jaundice was conducted. were divided into groups according classification V. D. Fedorov et al. (2000): mild severity (persons bilirubin levels up 100 mmol/l other criteria); average from 200 criteria). 4 formed: Group I (n = 10) — standard treatment; group II moderate background treatment therapy. Laser included daily sessions procedures for 9 days projection cubital vein 15 minutes, as well common carotid vertebral arteries 5 minutes each side (Matrix device, CLOZ head (radiation a wavelength 635 nm,power 2 MW). To verify changes, Doppler flowmetry used at bioactive point E-36 1, 3, 5, 9. Statistical processing performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program. Results. When analyzing these microcirculation parameters (M, Max CF1/Amax LF), recovery disorders 5th 9th noted complex evaluating indicators HT PS, inclusion day severity. Conclusion. use improves jaundice, which allows its practice. It worth emphasizing that effectiveness depend level liver damage supravascular blood irradiation led restoration days, respectively. Thus, contributes patient’s shortest possible time.

Language: Английский

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Targeting the epigenetic regulation of ferroptosis: a potential therapeutic approach for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury

Clinical Epigenetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: April 6, 2025

Abstract Sepsis is a syndrome of organ dysfunction caused by the invasion pathogenic microorganisms. In clinical practice, patients with sepsis are prone to concurrent acute kidney injury, which has high morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, understanding pathogenesis sepsis-associated injury significant importance. Ferroptosis an iron-dependent programmed cell death pathway, proved play critical role in process through various mechanisms. Epigenetic regulation modulates content function nucleic acids proteins within cells modifications. Its impact on ferroptosis garnered increasing attention; however, epigenetic targeting not been fully elucidated. Growing evidence suggests that can modulate complex pathway networks, thereby affecting development prognosis injury. This paper summarizes regulatory mechanisms ferroptosis, providing new insights for targeted therapy

Language: Английский

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Prognostic factors for mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Objective The aim is to explore significant prognostic factors for 90-day mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and assist clinicians the early identification of critically ill ACLF patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 288 patients, who were classified into survivors ( n = 187) nonsurvivors 101) based outcomes. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses employed identify construct a novel model, AHUCTPI. model’s performance assessed internal validation performed. Additionally, influence dynamic changes laboratory markers examined. Results Independent risk included age ≥45 years, presence hepatic encephalopathy (HE), upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) during hospitalization, imaging-confirmed cirrhosis at admission, elevated baseline total bilirubin (TBIL), reduced platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (PNR), international normalized (INR) P < 0.05 all). AHUCTPI formula as follows: Logit p ) −10.019 + 1.808 × (1 if 0 <45 years) 1.048 HE present, absent) 1.721 UGB 1.362 0.008 TBIL (μmol/L) − 0.039 PNR 1.963 INR. AUHCTPI model demonstrated superior predictive accuracy compared MELD (Model End-Stage Liver Disease) score, area under receiver operating characteristic curve values 0.914 0.739, respectively, calibration curves closely approximating ideal curve. Conclusion complex, syndrome. Age, HE, imaging-diagnosed TBIL, PNR, INR predictors provides excellent discrimination. Dynamic monitoring trends enhances supports timely clinical decision-making.

Language: Английский

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Prospective Hepatoprotective Actions of Novel Nano-formulations of Sildenafil and Neem Extract in Counteracting Oral Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Injury in Rats

Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2)

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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