Flood Risk in Urban Areas: Modelling, Management and Adaptation to Climate Change. A Review

Hydrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 50 - 50

Published: March 18, 2022

The modelling and management of flood risk in urban areas are increasingly recognized as global challenges. complexity these issues is a consequence the existence several distinct sources risk, including not only fluvial, tidal coastal flooding, but also exposure to runoff local drainage failure, various strategies that can be proposed. high degree vulnerability characterizes such expected increase future due effects climate change, growth population living cities, densification. An increasing awareness socio-economic losses environmental impact flooding clearly reflected recent expansion number studies related sometimes within framework adaptation change. goal current paper provide general review advances flood-risk management, while exploring perspectives fields research.

Language: Английский

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Flood Risk Mapping by Remote Sensing Data and Random Forest Technique

Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 3115 - 3115

Published: Nov. 4, 2021

Detecting effective parameters in flood occurrence is one of the most important issues that has drawn more attention recent years. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) are two efficient ways to spatially predict Flood Risk Mapping (FRM). In this study, a web-based platform called Google Earth Engine (GEE) (Google Company, Mountain View, CA, USA) was used obtain risk indices for Galikesh River basin, Northern Iran. With aid Landsat 8 satellite imagery Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), 11 (Elevation (El), Slope (Sl), Aspect (SA), Land Use (LU), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Water (NDWI), Topographic Wetness (TWI), Distance (RD), Waterway Density (WRD), Soil Texture (ST]), Maximum One-Day Precipitation (M1DP)) were provided. next step, all these imported into ArcMap 10.8 (Esri, West Redlands, software index normalization better visualize graphical output. Afterward, an intelligent learning machine (Random Forest (RF)), which robust data mining technique, compute importance degree each hazard map. According results, WRD, RD, M1DP, El accounted about 68.27 percent total risk. Among indices, WRD containing 23.8 greatest impact on floods. FRM mapping, 21 18 areas stood at higher highest areas, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Is HEC-RAS 2D accurate enough for storm-event hazard assessment? Lessons learnt from a benchmarking study based on rain-on-grid modelling

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 603, P. 126962 - 126962

Published: Sept. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Analysis of two sources of variability of basin outflow hydrographs computed with the 2D shallow water model Iber: Digital Terrain Model and unstructured mesh size

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 612, P. 128182 - 128182

Published: July 11, 2022

Modelling hydrological processes with fully distributed models based on the shallow water equations implies a high computational cost, which often limits resolution of mesh. Therefore, in practice, modellers need to find compromise between spatial resolution, numerical accuracy and cost. Moreover, this balance is probably related underlying Digital Terrain Model (DTM). In work, it studied effect DTM size mesh results runtime model 2D equations. Seven rainfall events four different basins have been modelled using 3 DTMs resolutions. The obtained highlight relevance vertical versus horizontal DTMs. Furthermore, has observed that resolutions greater than 25 m, together LiDAR-based provide comparable outflow hydrographs.

Language: Английский

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Toward Street‐Level Nowcasting of Flash Floods Impacts Based on HPC Hydrodynamic Modeling at the Watershed Scale and High‐Resolution Weather Radar Data

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Abstract In our era, the rapid increase of parallel programming coupled with high‐performance computing (HPC) facilities allows for use two‐dimensional shallow water equation (2D‐SWE) algorithms simulating floods at “hydrological” catchment scale, rather than just “hydraulic” fluvial scale. This approach paves way development new operational systems focused on impact‐based flash‐floods nowcasting, wherein hydrodynamic simulations directly model spatial and temporal variability measured or predicted rainfall impacts even a street Specifically, main goal this research is to make step move toward implementation an effective flash flood nowcasting system in which timely accurate impact warnings are provided by including weather radar products HPC 2D‐SWEs modelling framework able integrate watershed hydrology, flow hydrodynamics, river urban flooding one model. The timing, location, intensity street‐level evolution some key elements risk (people, vehicles, infrastructures) also discussed considering both calibration issues role played resolution. All these analyzed having as starting point event hit Mandra town (Athens, Greece) 15 November 2017, highlighting feasibility accuracy overall providing insights field.

Language: Английский

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SERGHEI (SERGHEI-SWE) v1.0: a performance-portable high-performance parallel-computing shallow-water solver for hydrology and environmental hydraulics

Geoscientific model development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 977 - 1008

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Abstract. The Simulation EnviRonment for Geomorphology, Hydrodynamics, and Ecohydrology in Integrated form (SERGHEI) is a multi-dimensional, multi-domain, multi-physics model framework environmental landscape simulation, designed with an outlook towards Earth system modelling. At the core of SERGHEI's innovation its performance-portable high-performance parallel-computing (HPC) implementation, built from scratch on Kokkos portability layer, allowing SERGHEI to be deployed, fashion, graphics processing unit (GPU)-based heterogeneous systems. In this work, we explore combinations MPI using OpenMP CUDA backends. contribution, introduce present detail first operational module solving shallow-water equations (SERGHEI-SWE) HPC implementation. This applicable hydrological problems including flooding runoff generation, Its applicability demonstrated by testing several well-known benchmarks large-scale problems, which SERGHEI-SWE achieves excellent results different types problems. Finally, scalability performance evaluated TOP500 systems, very good scaling range over 20 000 CPUs up 256 state-of-the art GPUs.

Language: Английский

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Joint assimilation of satellite soil moisture and streamflow data for the hydrological application of a two-dimensional shallow water model

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 621, P. 129667 - 129667

Published: May 16, 2023

Data assimilation (DA) in physically-based hydrodynamic models is conditioned by the difference temporal and spatial scales of observed data resolution model itself. In order to use remote sensing small-scale modelling, it necessary explore innovative DA methods that can lead a more plausible representation variability parameters processes involved. present study, satellite-derived soil moisture situ-observed streamflow were jointly assimilated into high-resolution hydrological-hydrodynamic based on Iber software, using Tempered Particle Filter (TPF) for dual estimation state variables parameters. Twelve storm events occurring 199 km2 catchment located NW Spain used testing proposed approach. A 3-step procedure was followed: (1) sensitivity analysis parameters; (2) joint discharge estimate correlations between observations (3) an initial set particles parameter standard deviations derived from prior information. The numerical correctly reproduces data, with average Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) value 0.74 over 12 when information used. approach described shown be most efficient produce isolated peak discharges.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling spatial heterogeneity of inundation pattern domains for 2D analysis of fluvial landscapes and drainage networks

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 632, P. 130728 - 130728

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Fluvial landscape analysis represents an essential component in geomorphology, hydrology, ecology and cartography. It is traditionally focused on the transition between hillslopes channel domain, which network drainage represented by static flow lines. However, natural fluctuations of processes occurring watershed induce lateral longitudinal expansions contractions patterns variations stream surface area. These can be better understood introducing a two-dimensional (2D) view catchment hydrography, river width floodplain are included analysis. The novelty introduced this work development hydrodynamic hierarchical framework (HHF) to analyse transitions among geomorphic hydrographic features fluvial landscape, distinguishing hillslope, unchanneled valleys, floodplains, single/multithreads channels. HHF based estimation nested inundation pattern domains (IPDs) from digital elevation models 2D modeling. IPDs defined scaling laws that characterize log–log relations density unit discharge thresholds extracted direct rainfall method (DRM) approach under steady state solutions. physical significance analysed within context both physiographic rates employed as input for modeling approach. Initially, spatial heterogeneity initially used derive metrics function rate. Then, index, representative IPDs' heterogeneity, measure susceptibility area expand/contract. Finally, consistency results assessed comparison another hydrodynamic-based recently proposed literature. using challenging mountain low-relief environments, characterized multithread channels, meander cut-offs, oxbow lakes, extreme landscapes feature glacial outwash, permafrost, peatlands.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of 2D hydrodynamic-based rainfall/runoff modelling for soil erosion assessment at a seasonal scale

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 632, P. 130778 - 130778

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Badlands are often the source of a significant fraction sediment reaching river network due to exposure bare soil impact rain drops and bed shear stress generated by surface runoff. Hence, correct understanding erosion transport processes inside badlands can help better characterisation suspended production at catchment scale. In this work we study suitability two-dimensional (2D) physically-based event-scale model as tool represent in seasonal The solves 2D shallow water equations, including infiltration rainfall, order compute generation routing runoff within badland. Coupled hydrodynamic equation with terms that account for rainfall- runoff-driven deposition. Based on model, an overall procedure was developed tested considering, case study, badland located El Soto (central Pyrenees, Iberian Peninsula). For analysed badland, several high-resolution topography surveys were available, which allowed estimation loss spatial distribution patterns periods 3-4 months over two years. These data sets used calibrate validate proposed modelling approach, analyse its capabilities limitations assessment

Language: Английский

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2D hydrodynamic approach supporting evaluations of hydrological response in small watersheds: Implications for lag time estimation

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 610, P. 127870 - 127870

Published: April 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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