Artificial plasticenta: how polystyrene nanoplastics affect in-vitro cultured human trophoblast cells

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

In the human placenta, we have detected MPs by Raman microspectroscopy analysis and, for first time, with transmission electron microscopy. fragments been localized in different compartments of placental tissue, free cytoplasm and within organelles like lysosomes. Moreover, their presence has correlated ultrastructural alterations some cell organelles, typical metabolic stress, mainly dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum numerous swollen electrodense mitochondria, as well signs derived from involuting organelles. As a result, speculated that microplastics placenta could be responsible pathological traits activation such oxidative apoptosis, inflammation causing long-term effects on health mother child. To demonstrate cytotoxicity PS-NPs confirm vivo results, performed vitro experiments trophoblast line, HTR8/SVneo cells. cells were treated, 24 h 48h, increasing concentrations (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μg/mL) 0.05 µm polystyrene (PS) cellular viability was evaluated Counting Kit-8. Fluorescent examined under fluorescence/confocal microscopy used to investigate internalization plastics Transmission evaluate possible PS-NPs-dependent Our study shows starting exposure, treatment, at 50 μg/mL dose, cytotoxic effect cells, death 40% affecting morphology surviving addition, alter ultrastructure those already described vivo. We found NPs enter mitochondria morphology, accumulating aggregates lysosome-like Interestingly these become larger concentration increases. accumulation inside result prolonged impossible attempt remove destroy PS. This would lead ER mitochondrial impairing mitochondria/ER functions thus activating apoptotic pathway suggesting act stressor, leading support our hypothesis, also associated morphological regression degeneration, highly vacuolized cytoplasm, dilatation, vesiculation ER, uncoupling/loss cytoplasmic fragments, deriving lysis. Based immunofluorescence study, together degeneration stress. An abnormal amount might determine persistent alarm CDR (cell danger response), evolutionarily conserved response protects hosts harm triggered chemical (as case NPs/MPs), physical, or biological agents exceed capacity homeostasis. further help inevitable exposure MPs/NPs environment, which characterizes modern world, partially epidemic non-transmissible disease.

Language: Английский

Assessing toxicological risk of nanoplastics contaminants in food and feed from ingestion pathway to human diseases

F1000Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 284 - 284

Published: March 12, 2025

The extensive use of plastic without an effective management system is linked to significant environmental pollution issues. The fragmentation various types waste leads the formation microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). NPs, measuring less than 0.1 μm pose a latent danger human food chain caused by ability traverse biological membranes MPs, potentially leading chronic diseases. widespread distribution NPs across diverse matrices their subsequent infiltration into feed chains precipitates emerging health concerns. contaminate production systems leach from packaging, infiltrating organisms at trophic levels. Seafood, processed foods, drinking water serve as vectors for absorption accumulation in tissues. pervasive contamination pathway poses substantial risks through multiple exposure routes, primarily ingestion. It can lead cytotoxicity, inflammation, genotoxicity, apoptosis. This review summarizes implications that triggers diseases such inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), kidney dysfunction, liver disease, heart problems, brain disorders, reproductive issues, cancer. Currently, no established method exists treat humans may have already ingested. Hence, it urgent mitigate harmful effects development implementation innovative, efficient, sustainable decontamination strategies. discussion highlights several advanced remediation techniques effectively reduce toxicity systems, thus mitigating associated risks.

Language: Английский