Cancer Research Statistics and Treatment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(4), P. 435 - 446
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Circulating
free
DNA
(cfDNA)
refers
to
extracellular
fragments
(50-200
base
pairs)
in
the
blood,
released
during
cell
apoptosis
or
necrosis,
and
linked
tissue
injury.
Microbial
cfDNA
(cfmDNA),
derived
from
bacteria,
can
also
be
present
both
healthy
individuals
patients
with
colorectal
cancer,
some
species
specific
these
categories.
tumor
(ctDNA),
a
subset
of
cfDNA,
originates
tumors
reflects
their
genetic
profile.
Elevated
ctDNA
levels
result
increased
death
impaired
clearance
progression.
Healthy
typically
have
30
ng/mL
whereas
cancer
show
up
1000
ng/mL.
Patients
colon
often
exhibit
higher
concentrations
(500
ng/mL)
compared
rectal
(250
ng/mL).
is
valuable
noninvasive
biomarker
for
monitoring
progression
prognosis,
particularly
since
disease
diagnosed
at
advanced
stages.
Its
widespread
dispersion
circulating
aids
tracking
recurrence.
This
article
reviews
life
cycle,
analysis
methods,
screening
approaches,
clinical
applications,
limitations,
future
perspectives
ctDNA.
The
data
this
review
were
extracted
PubMed,
ScienceDirect,
ResearchGate,
Scopus,
UpToDate,
covering
publications
January
2016
December
2023.
Out
95
retrieved
articles,
3
removed
before
screening.
Two
duplicates,
1
was
ineligible
record.
After
reviewing
92
articles
eligibility,
7
excluded:
being
non-human
studies,
2
not
exclusive
lacking
utility.
We
selected
85
final
analysis.
For
purpose
discussion,
we
referred
various
papers
on
as
well
(
n
=
15).
West Kazakhstan Medical Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
66(4), P. 365 - 372
Published: Dec. 20, 2024
Exosomes
are
nano-sized
extracellular
vesicles
that
play
essential
roles
in
intercellular
communication,
carrying
biomolecules
such
as
proteins,
lipids,
and
RNAs
can
influence
physiological
pathological
processes.
The
isolation
of
pure
exosomes
is
critical
for
both
basic
research
clinical
applications,
including
diagnostics
therapeutics.
Traditional
exosome
techniques,
ultracentrifugation,
lack
specificity
may
yield
impure
samples,
making
the
need
advanced
techniques
evident.
Ligand-based
affinity
purification
(LEAP)
column
chromatography
has
emerged
a
novel
method
utilizes
specific
ligands
targeting
surface
markers,
providing
highly
specific,
gentle,
scalable
approach
to
isolation.
This
mini
review
explores
LEAP
chromatography’s
mechanism,
benefits,
potential
emphasizing
its
g.rowing
importance
exosome-based
therapies.
Cancer Research Statistics and Treatment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(4), P. 435 - 446
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Circulating
free
DNA
(cfDNA)
refers
to
extracellular
fragments
(50-200
base
pairs)
in
the
blood,
released
during
cell
apoptosis
or
necrosis,
and
linked
tissue
injury.
Microbial
cfDNA
(cfmDNA),
derived
from
bacteria,
can
also
be
present
both
healthy
individuals
patients
with
colorectal
cancer,
some
species
specific
these
categories.
tumor
(ctDNA),
a
subset
of
cfDNA,
originates
tumors
reflects
their
genetic
profile.
Elevated
ctDNA
levels
result
increased
death
impaired
clearance
progression.
Healthy
typically
have
30
ng/mL
whereas
cancer
show
up
1000
ng/mL.
Patients
colon
often
exhibit
higher
concentrations
(500
ng/mL)
compared
rectal
(250
ng/mL).
is
valuable
noninvasive
biomarker
for
monitoring
progression
prognosis,
particularly
since
disease
diagnosed
at
advanced
stages.
Its
widespread
dispersion
circulating
aids
tracking
recurrence.
This
article
reviews
life
cycle,
analysis
methods,
screening
approaches,
clinical
applications,
limitations,
future
perspectives
ctDNA.
The
data
this
review
were
extracted
PubMed,
ScienceDirect,
ResearchGate,
Scopus,
UpToDate,
covering
publications
January
2016
December
2023.
Out
95
retrieved
articles,
3
removed
before
screening.
Two
duplicates,
1
was
ineligible
record.
After
reviewing
92
articles
eligibility,
7
excluded:
being
non-human
studies,
2
not
exclusive
lacking
utility.
We
selected
85
final
analysis.
For
purpose
discussion,
we
referred
various
papers
on
as
well
(
n
=
15).
