Pathology - Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 266, P. 155747 - 155747
Published: Nov. 28, 2024
Language: Английский
Clinical and Translational Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1)
Published: Jan. 15, 2024
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a top 10 global cancer with high mortality rates. Early detection via screening programs crucial. Limited access to oral healthcare, especially in low- and middle-income countries, delays diagnoses, impacting survival OSCCs exhibit rapid, unrestricted growth, leading frequent hypoxic tissue regions. These regions drive towards progression resistance treatments like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy. They also lead dysfunctional blood vessel formation encourage cells become mobile metastatic through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, ultimately unfavourable outcomes. As hypoxia found 90% of solid tumours, it stands as hallmark. Assessing tumour complex due varying oxygen levels among tissues, diverse sizes, measurement techniques, highly fluctuating oxygenation, even within the same organ.1, 2 Cancer cells, heightened proliferation metabolism, demand substantial energy, but shortages exacerbate their regions, altering metabolism. Hypoxia, common indicates low oxygenation (4−9%) signifies poor prognosis cancers prostate, cervix, breast, head neck cancers.3, 4 Hypoxia prevalence varies by type, generally affecting 30−60% early-stage tumours.5 percentages fluctuate based on patient traits assessment methods. Malignant tumours commonly experience lower than origin. Recurrent often display higher fraction primaries.6 pivotal, guiding tailored for enhanced efficacy. Identifying promptly allows targeted therapies address hypoxia-related aggressiveness, potentially curbing bettering outcomes.7 While various methods detect hypoxia, each bears limitations. Polarographic electrodes, gold standard accuracy, remain invasive impractical clinical use. Positron emission tomography (PET) offers non-invasive, detailed imaging suffers from spatial resolution. Despite PET's sensitivity using radiotracer probes 18F-FDG or 18F-FMISO, limitations persist. Immunofluorescence immunohistochemical indirectly assess protein expression are confined vitro evaluation. though informative, either invasive, limited resolution, laboratory settings, hampering widespread utility.8-10 Current research that exosomes (a subpopulation extracellular vesicles) messenger microenvironment cancer.11, 12 Exosome-based sensors smart initiative precision screening.13 An approved diagnostic tool urgently needed hypoxia. This would aid personalized hypoxia-focused therapies, improving Evaluating valuable oncologists, surgeons companies developing such treatments. Innovations computer vision circulating (CTCs) cutting-edge could revolutionize enhancing treatment effectiveness. biopsy diagnostics, its invasiveness, cost, capturing genetic variations well it's potenstial pose challenges. Biosensor detectors emerge an attractive alternative, particularly long-term management prognostication. Collecting easily accessible biological samples saliva early makes biosensors this appealing choice. Screening CTCs streamlined, cost-effective diagnostics advancing care. method simplifies screening, improves reduces healthcare expenses, revolutionizing approaches. streamlines translational efforts, making patient-friendly at centres. Using screen benefits including hospitals, specialized centres, institutions labs. It aids planning, supports hypoxia-targeted trials, facilitates medicine interventions patients status. Sidhanti Nyahatkar-Manuscript writing; Divya Mirgh-Manuscript Raman Muthusamy-Reviewing; Ketki Kalele-Final Reviewing Editing. The authors article declare no conflict interest. There funding study. Not Applicable. Data sharing does not apply datasets were generated analysed during current
Language: Английский
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Clinical and Translational Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2)
Published: March 11, 2024
Cancer is an unsolved health crisis that affects a large number of world's population.1 Breast cancer the most challenging problem in current time and this huge female population every year.2 Several factors are involved breast such as age, genetic mutation, obesity, food habits, family history, etc. In situation, we need affordable, effective, efficient theranostics approach. This global addressed via nanomedicine, which applied domain nanotechnology (it related to diagnosis, sensor, therapeutics development based on nanomaterials nanotechnology).3 Nanoparticles nanomedicine has dynamic application diagnostic tools development, therapeutic approach several biological molecules transports.4 It also effective specific drug transport vehicle for cancer.4 The purpose develop strong immune response (cellular humoral together) against cancer. Nanovaccine (majorly nanoparticle modification cellular transport) more stable, biocompatible, less toxic.5, 6 Immune developmentary antigen protein-loaded particles developed Treg (regulatory T-cells) cells mediated response.7 Nanomedicine becomes promising solution Nanomaterial size, surface charges, chemical composition play principleroles release, cytotoxicity, drug-uptake phenomena.8 scientific investigation currently highlights during progression, extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulatory role cancer.9 type invention introduces new member called EVs. cancer, exosomes (a subpopulation EVs) regulate stages (cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, suppression, metastasis, therapeutic-resistance development).10-13 Exosomes cargo significantly influenced by development.10 Blood-circulated carry signature biomarkers (diagnostic prognostic biomarkers).10, 13 part early diagnosis. Exosomes-based liquid biopsy screening compared tissue biopsy.14 indicates single exosome profiling, barcoding, multi-omic approaches leading frontier combating cancer.15, 16 Plant-source (tea leaf exosomes) show healing activity with low toxicity.17 become tool targeting therapeutic.18 future, may reduce burden Swarup Sonar: Manuscript writing; Sidhanti Nyahatkar: Ketki Kalele: Reviewing; Manab Deb Adhikari: Final Reviewing editing. Not applicable. authors declare no conflicts interest. Data sharing not applicable commentary datasets were generated or analysed study.
Language: Английский
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Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 756, P. 109994 - 109994
Published: April 16, 2024
Language: Английский
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Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
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Pathology - Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 266, P. 155747 - 155747
Published: Nov. 28, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0