Brain Imaging and Stimulation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3, P. e5952 - e5952
Published: Oct. 15, 2024
INTRODUCTION:
Despite
being
considered
least
important
for
clinical
practice
in
the
pyramid
of
evidence
recommendations,
sometimes
scientists'
expert
opinions
could
help
to
better
understand
summarization
updated
publications.
OBJECTIVE:
To
provide
a
major
summarized
update
about
brain
imaging
and
stimulation
nervous
system
health
disease.
METHODS:
Comprehensive
review
developed
by
experts
each
subarea
knowledge
neuroimaging
non-invasive
system.
A
team
researchers
clinic
was
invited
present
an
on
their
area
expertise.
RESULTS:
In
basics
techniques,
we
approach
general
quantitative
electroencephalography,
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging,
near-infrared
spectroscopy,
experimental
paradigms
studies.
Were
included
associations
between
transcranial
electromyography,
evaluate
activity.
Furthermore,
showed
several
actualized
central
peripheral
neuromodulation
techniques.
And
finally,
presented
different
performance
uses
neuromodulation.
CONCLUSION:
our
knowledge,
this
is
concentrated
that
can
benefit
neuroscience
clinicians
from
levels
experience.
Brain Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 534 - 534
Published: March 24, 2023
Despite
the
heavy
burden
of
schizophrenia,
research
on
biomarkers
associated
with
its
early
course
is
still
ongoing.
Single-pulse
Transcranial
Magnetic
Stimulation
coupled
electroencephalography
(TMS-EEG)
has
revealed
that
main
oscillatory
frequency
(or
"natural
frequency")
reduced
in
several
frontal
brain
areas,
including
premotor
cortex,
chronic
patients
schizophrenia.
However,
no
study
explored
natural
at
beginning
illness.
Here,
we
used
TMS-EEG
to
probe
intrinsic
properties
left
cortex
early-course
schizophrenia
(<2
years
from
onset)
and
age/gender-matched
healthy
comparison
subjects
(HCs).
State-of-the-art
real-time
monitoring
EEG
responses
TMS
noise-masking
procedures
were
employed
ensure
data
quality.
We
found
was
significantly
compared
HCs.
No
correlation
between
age,
clinical
symptom
severity,
or
dose
antipsychotic
medications
time
TMS-EEG.
This
finding
extends
previous
evidence
supports
hypothesis
a
deficit
cortical
synchronization
as
core
mechanism
underlying
this
disorder.
Future
work
should
further
explore
putative
role
frequencies
pathophysiological
for
Brain Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(8), P. 982 - 982
Published: July 26, 2022
Neurological
disorders
often
cause
severe
long-term
disabilities
with
substantial
activity
limitations
and
participation
restrictions
such
as
community
integration,
family
functioning,
employment,
social
interaction
participation.
Increasing
understanding
of
brain
functioning
has
opened
new
perspectives
for
more
integrative
interventions,
boosting
the
intrinsic
central
nervous
system
neuroplastic
capabilities
in
order
to
achieve
efficient
behavioral
restitution.
Neurorehabilitation
must
take
into
account
many
aspects
individual
through
a
comprehensive
analysis
actual
potential
cognitive,
behavioral,
emotional
physical
skills,
while
increasing
awareness
self
person
being
dealt
with.
The
exclusive
adoption
by
rehabilitator
objective
functional
measures
overlooks
values
goals
disabled
person.
Indeed,
each
their
own
rhythm,
unique
life
history
personality
construct.
In
this
challenging
context,
it
is
essential
deepen
assessment
subjective
measures,
which
adequately
reflect
patient’s
perspective
shape
genuinely
tailored
instead
standardized
neurorehabilitation
approaches.
overly
complex
panorama,
where
confounding
prognostic
factors
also
strongly
influence
recovery,
healthcare
needs
rethink
formats.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 9, 2023
Abstract
Exogenous
stimulation
is
a
promising
tool
for
investigating
and
altering
cognitive
processes
in
the
brain,
with
potential
clinical
applications.
Following
experimental
observations,
we
hypothesise
that
effect
of
crucially
depends
on
endogenous
dynamics
brain.
Our
study
explores
how
local
global
dynamical
properties,
like
phase
regional
oscillatory
activity
transient
network
states,
modulate
single
pulse
large-scale
network.
findings
demonstrate
strongly
interplay
between
stimulated
phase,
state,
brain
region.
Importantly,
show
not
only
state-dependent
but
can
also
induce
state
switching.
Lastly,
predicting
by
using
machine
learning
shows
state-aware
measures
increase
performance
up
to
40%.
results
suggest
fine
characterisation
complex
setups
essential
improving
reliability
exogenous
stimulation.
Brain Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(6), P. 921 - 921
Published: June 7, 2023
Paired
associative
stimulation
(PAS)
is
a
non-invasive
brain
technique
that
modulates
synaptic
plasticity
in
the
human
motor
cortex
(M1).
Since
previous
studies
have
primarily
used
motor-evoked
potentials
(MEPs)
as
outcome
measure,
cortical
correlates
of
PAS-induced
remain
unknown.
Therefore,
aim
this
observational
study
was
to
investigate
standard
PAS
induced
primary
by
using
combined
TMS-EEG
approach
cohort
eighteen
healthy
subjects.
In
addition
expected
long-lasting
facilitatory
modulation
MEPs
amplitude,
intervention
also
significant
increase
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation-evoked
(TEPs)
P30
and
P60
amplitude.
No
correlation
between
magnitude
changes
TEP
components
MEP
amplitude
were
observed.
However,
linear
regression
analysis
revealed
component
amplitudes
significantly
predicted
facilitation
after
PAS.
The
findings
our
offer
novel
insight
into
neurophysiological
associated
with
at
M1
level
suggest
complex
relationship
TEPs
following
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 4, 2023
Background:
Stroke
is
the
leading
cause
of
long-term
disability,
making
search
for
successful
rehabilitation
treatment
one
most
important
public
health
issues.
A
better
understanding
neural
mechanisms
underlying
impairment
and
recovery,
development
associated
biomarkers
critical
tailoring
treatments
with
ultimate
goal
maximizing
therapeutic
outcomes.
Here,
we
studied
longitudinal
changes
in
brain
oscillatory
modes,
linked
to
GABAergic
system
activity,
determined
their
importance
residual
upper-limb
motor
functions
recovery.
Methods:
Transcranial
Magnetic
Stimulation
(TMS)
was
combined
multichannel
Electroencephalography
(EEG)
analyze
TMS-induced
oscillations
a
cohort
66
stroke
patients
from
acute
late
subacute
phase
after
stroke.
Results:
data-driven
parallel
factor
analysis
(PARAFAC)
approach
tensor
decomposition
allowed
detect
modes
notably
driven
by
α
frequency
band,
which
evolved
longitudinally
across
stages.
Notably,
observed
modulations
α-mode,
known
be
were
extent
Conclusions:
Overall,
evaluation
provides
novel
insights
into
functional
reorganization
networks
its
mechanisms.
propose
that
α-mode
decrease
corresponds
beneficial
disinhibition
between
early
stages
fosters
structural
plasticity
facilitates
Monitoring
this
phenomenon
at
individual
patient
level
will
provide
information
phenotyping
patients,
developing
electrophysiological
refining
therapies
based
on
personalized
excitatory/inhibitory
neuromodulation
using
noninvasive
or
invasive
stimulation
techniques.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 16, 2023
ABSTRACT
Repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(rTMS)
is
an
established
treatment
for
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
and
shows
promise
posttraumatic
stress
(PTSD),
yet
effectiveness
varies.
Electroencephalography
(EEG)
can
identify
rTMS-associated
brain
changes.
EEG
oscillations
are
often
examined
using
averaging
approaches
that
mask
finer
time-scale
dynamics.
Recent
advances
show
some
emerge
as
transient
increases
in
power,
a
phenomenon
termed
“Spectral
Events,”
event
characteristics
correspond
with
cognitive
functions.
We
applied
Spectral
Event
analyses
to
potential
biomarkers
of
effective
rTMS
treatment.
Resting
8-electrode
was
collected
from
23
patients
MDD
PTSD
before
after
5Hz
targeting
the
left
dorsolateral
prefrontal
cortex.
Using
open-source
toolbox
(
https://github.com/jonescompneurolab/SpectralEvents
),
we
quantified
features
tested
associated
Events
delta/theta
(1-6
Hz),
alpha
(7-14
beta
(15-29
Hz)
bands
occurred
all
patients.
rTMS-induced
improvement
comorbid
were
pre-to
post-treatment
changes
fronto-central
electrode
features,
including
frontal
frequency
spans
durations,
central
maxima
power.
Furthermore,
pre-treatment
duration
correlated
negatively
symptom
improvement.
Beta
events
may
provide
new
clinical
response
advance
understanding
rTMS.
eNeuro,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(4), P. ENEURO.0309 - 23.2024
Published: April 1, 2024
Repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(rTMS)
is
a
non-invasive
brain
technique
capable
of
inducing
neuroplasticity
as
measured
by
changes
in
peripheral
muscle
electromyography
(EMG)
or
electroencephalography
(EEG)
from
pre-to-post
stimulation.
However,
temporal
courses
neuromodulation
during
ongoing
rTMS
are
unclear.
Monitoring
cortical
dynamics
via
TMS-evoked
responses
using
EMG
(motor-evoked
potentials;
MEPs)
and
EEG
(transcranial-evoked
TEPs)
might
provide
further
essential
insights
into
its
mode
action
–
course
potential
modulations.
The
objective
this
study
was
to
first
evaluate
the
validity
online
rTMS-EEG
rTMS-EMG
analyses,
second
scrutinize
TEPs
MEPs
rTMS.
As
subject
high
inter-individual
effect
variability,
we
aimed
for
single-subject
analyses
Ten
healthy
human
participants
were
stimulated
with
1,000
pulses
1
Hz
over
motor
cortex,
while
recorded
continuously.
Validity
assessed
sensor
source
space.
Electrophysiological
evaluated
model
fitting
approaches
on
group-
level.
appearance
consistent
past
findings
single
pulse
experiments.
Heterogeneous
progressions,
fluctuations
saturation
effects
activity
observed
depending
TEP
component.
Overall,
global
increased
Single-subject
analysis
revealed
activity.
present
favor
dose-response
considerations
attempts
personalization
protocols.