Assessment of Floor-Level Impact on Natural Ventilation and Indoor Thermal Environment in Hot–Humid Climates: A Case Study of a Mid-Rise Educational Building

Buildings, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 686 - 686

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

The rapid urbanization of developing cities has intensified the challenge maintaining thermal comfort in buildings, particularly hot–humid climates. This study investigates impact floor level on airflow patterns and indoor temperatures multi-purpose mid-rise buildings Onitsha, Nigeria, where increasing urban density frequent power outages necessitate effective passive cooling strategies. Through a mixed-method approach combining empirical measurements, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, performance analysis, research examined variations ventilation rates temperature distributions across different levels six-story educational building over an annual cycle, focusing hottest (27 February), coldest (28 December), most windy (3 April), least (17 September) days. Results revealed distinct floor-level patterns: upper floors (fourth–fifth) achieved 39–40 air changes per hour (ACH) during hot periods while 30–35 degrees Celsius (°C); middle (second–third) showed moderate (15–22 ACH) but experienced heat accumulation (35–42 °C); lower reached 20 ACH conditions. Temperature stratification varied from 15 °C between entire peak conditions to 7 periods. Stack-driven contributed reductions up 3 °C, wind-driven promoted uniform distribution all levels. These findings informed floor-specific design recommendations: hybrid systems with automated controls, strategic architectural features including minimum area 15% for central atrium, comprehensive monitoring six sensors floor. provides evidence-based strategies optimizing tropical environments, valuable designing energy-efficient rapidly hot-humid

Language: Английский

Spatial Climate Adaptation Characteristics and Optimization Strategies of Traditional Residential Courtyards in Cold Locations: A Case Study of Xiaoyi Ancient City in Shanxi Province, China

Buildings, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 1659 - 1659

Published: May 15, 2025

The traditional residential courtyards in Xiaoyi Ancient City, Shanxi, are a typical architectural form demonstrating significant energy efficiency and climate adaptability. This research examines the adaptability of by conducting field measurements quantitative analysis, it suggests appropriate optimization strategies. study concludes that thermal comfort building can be significantly improved following factors: south-facing orientation, central positioning inverted house, an enclosure degree 0.85, distance 2400 mm between main house side T-shaped courtyard proportions 3:1, linear 5:1, U-shaped entrance porch 1.5:1, gray space scale 1200 under eaves, 500 window-to-wall proportion 0.33 for 0.32 house. not only enhances but also improves internal comfort, as is based on climate-responsive design. In terms inheritance wisdom its modern application, this emphasizes significance considering climatic environment design, providing theoretical foundation renovating

Language: Английский