Medications to Modify Aspiration Risk: Those That Add to Risk and Those That May Reduce Risk DOI
João Gonçalves-Pereira, Paulo Mergulhão, Filipe Froes

et al.

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Aspiration pneumonia results from the abnormal entry of fluids into respiratory tract. We present a review drugs known to affect risk aspiration. Drugs that increase aspiration can be broadly divided those protective reflexes (like cough and swallowing) due direct or indirect mechanisms, facilitate gastric dysbiosis esophageal intestinal motility. Chief among first group are benzodiazepines antipsychotics, while proton pump inhibitors most well-studied in latter group. Pill esophagitis may also exacerbate swallowing dysfunction. On other hand, some research has focused on pharmaceutical modulation pneumonia. Angiotensin-converting enzyme have been demonstrated associated with decrease hazard high-risk patients Chinese Japanese origin. like amantadine, nicergoline, folic acid shown promising stroke patients, although available evidence is thus far not enough allow for any meaningful conclusions. Importantly, antimicrobial prophylaxis proven ineffective. Focusing modifiable factors relevant since this help reduce incidence often severe problem. Among these, several commonly used drug classes These should withheld population whenever possible, alongside general measures, such as semirecumbent position during sleep feeding.

Language: Английский

Coagulation Parameters in Elderly Patients with Severe Pneumonia: Correlation with Disease Severity and Prognosis DOI Creative Commons
Qiuyue Zhang,

Yingchao Liu,

Chuntang Tong

et al.

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 341 - 350

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

This study aimed to investigate the levels of coagulation parameters in elderly patients with severe pneumonia and analyse their correlation disease severity prognosis. A retrospective was conducted on 207 (aged ≥60 years) admitted our hospital between January 2022 December 2023. Demographic data, clinical characteristics parameters, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin (APTT), thrombin fibrinogen (FIB), were collected. Patients divided into survivor non-survivor groups based 28-day mortality. The differences prognosis analysed. mortality rate 52.2%. Non-survivors had significantly higher PT, APTT D-dimer lower FIB than survivors (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated PT (odds ratio [OR] = 1.218, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.076-1.379, p 0.002) (OR 1.109, CI: 1.032-1.192, 0.005) independent risk factors for combined model using highest predictive value (area under curve 0.801, 0.739-0.863, 0.001), a sensitivity 0.759 specificity 0.758. Coagulation dysfunction is common pneumonia. Prothrombin are closely associated can be valuable indicators predicting this population.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Comprehensive management of pneumonia in older patients DOI Creative Commons
Alain Putot, Nicolas Garin, Jordi Rello

et al.

European Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Pneumonia is a leading cause of death and functional decline in the older population. Diagnosis pneumonia conventionally includes presence respiratory signs symptoms, systemic infection radiographic demonstration lung involvement. diagnosis very old patient compromised by atypical unspecific presentation, resulting high proportion false positive diagnosis. Chest radiograph frequently low quality inconclusive patients. Computed tomography scan chest ultrasound may provide valuable diagnostic confirmation uncertain cases. Bacterial has been mainly studied, but viruses, among which influenza, SARS-CoV-2, syncytial virus, are increasingly recognized as major players. The decision to treat usually based on triple assessment probability, disease severity general (frailty, comorbidities, place living, goals care). Antimicrobial treatment probabilistic, targeting common pathogens. optimal antibiotic depends epidemiological data, setting acquisition, risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or aspiration pneumonia, severity. Recent controlled trials have demonstrated non-inferiority short regimen non-severe community acquired even individuals five-day recommended case clinical improvement. management patients requires comprehensive approach, including control comorbidities (particularly cardiovascular), nutritional support, rehabilitation, prevention aspiration. Finally, be pre-terminal event many patients, requiring advanced-care planning prompt instauration palliative management.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Nursing Care for Pneumonia Patients DOI Creative Commons

Nur Alfi Lail,

Ramli Efendi,

Arina Tri Noviyan

et al.

Al Makki Health Informatics Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 184 - 189

Published: April 30, 2024

Pneumonia is an acute infectious disease that affects the alveoli and caused by specific microorganisms, characterized symptoms of coughing shortness breath. In case 2019, WHO recorded most deaths in world pneumonia, reaching a total 62,782 cases. Indonesia alone, 2021, there were 2.56 million confirmed cases pneumonia. The prevalence pneumonia West Java reached 2.6%. This study aims to provide overview nursing care for patients admitted emergency room Gunung Jati Hospital. method used descriptive with design. results this indicate intervention carried out 1 x 7 hours cooperation nurse had positive impact. author has actions plan been made. implementation Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Pursed Lift Breathing (PLB). Deep Exercise (DBE) patient's breathing frequency. Before intervention, frequency (Respiratory Rate / RR) was 28 x/min. After implementing dropped 26 It can be concluded pursed lift significantly reduce breath implication importance applying appropriate measurable interventions improve quality minimize risk complications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Medications to Modify Aspiration Risk: Those That Add to Risk and Those That May Reduce Risk DOI
João Gonçalves-Pereira, Paulo Mergulhão, Filipe Froes

et al.

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Aspiration pneumonia results from the abnormal entry of fluids into respiratory tract. We present a review drugs known to affect risk aspiration. Drugs that increase aspiration can be broadly divided those protective reflexes (like cough and swallowing) due direct or indirect mechanisms, facilitate gastric dysbiosis esophageal intestinal motility. Chief among first group are benzodiazepines antipsychotics, while proton pump inhibitors most well-studied in latter group. Pill esophagitis may also exacerbate swallowing dysfunction. On other hand, some research has focused on pharmaceutical modulation pneumonia. Angiotensin-converting enzyme have been demonstrated associated with decrease hazard high-risk patients Chinese Japanese origin. like amantadine, nicergoline, folic acid shown promising stroke patients, although available evidence is thus far not enough allow for any meaningful conclusions. Importantly, antimicrobial prophylaxis proven ineffective. Focusing modifiable factors relevant since this help reduce incidence often severe problem. Among these, several commonly used drug classes These should withheld population whenever possible, alongside general measures, such as semirecumbent position during sleep feeding.

Language: Английский

Citations

0