Hydrogel-exosome system in tissue engineering: A promising therapeutic strategy

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 1 - 30

Published: April 23, 2024

Characterized by their pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication, cell proliferation, and immune regulation during tissue repair, exosomes have emerged as a promising avenue for "cell-free therapy" clinical applications. Hydrogels, possessing commendable biocompatibility, degradability, adjustability, physical properties akin to biological tissues, also found extensive utility engineering regenerative repair. The synergistic combination of hydrogels holds the potential not only enhance efficiency but collaboratively advance repair process. This review has summarized advancements made over past decade research hydrogel-exosome systems regenerating various tissues including skin, bone, cartilage, nerves tendons, with focus on methods encapsulating releasing within hydrogels. It critically examined gaps limitations current research, whilst proposed future directions applications this innovative approach.

Language: Английский

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Engineered extracellular vesicles for tissue repair and regeneration

Burns & Trauma, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous membrane-like secreted by living cells that involved in many physiological and pathological processes act as intermediaries of intercellular communication molecular transfer. Recent studies have shown EVs from specific sources regulate tissue repair regeneration delivering proteins, lipids, nucleic acids to target signaling molecules. Nanotechnology breakthroughs facilitated the development exploration engineered for repair. Enhancements through gene editing, surface modification, content modification further improved their therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes potential regeneration, mechanisms action, research progress regenerative medicine. highlights design logic typical examples explores prospects The aim this is provide new insights into applications, thereby expanding use

Language: Английский

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AAV-mediated VEGFA overexpression promotes angiogenesis and recovery of locomotor function following spinal cord injury via PI3K/Akt signaling

Experimental Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 375, P. 114739 - 114739

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disorder of the central nervous system resulting from various factors such as trauma, inflammation, tumors, and other etiologies. This condition leads to impairment in motor, sensory, autonomic functions below level injury. Limitations current therapeutic approaches prompt an investigation into angiogenesis through persistent local expression proangiogenic factors. Here, we investigated whether overexpression adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) mouse SCI promoted locomotor function recovery, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway was mechanistically involved. Three weeks before SCI, AAV-VEGFA injected at T10 induce VEGFA overexpression. Neurofunctional, histological, biochemical assessments were done determine tissue damage and/or recovery neuromuscular behavioral impairments. Daily injections PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 made assess possible mechanism. dramatically improved ameliorated pathological caused by SCI. Improved motor-evoked potentials hindlimbs more spinal CD31-positive microvessels observed AAV-VEGFA-overexpressing mice. reduced PI3K Akt phosphorylation levels attenuated AAV-VEGFA-related improvements. In conclusion, sustained AAV-mediated can significantly promote ameliorate after contusion model activation signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

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Small extracellular vesicles purification and scale-up

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted by cells. With advances in the study of sEVs, they have shown great potential diagnosis and treatment disease. However, sEV therapy usually requires a certain dose purity sEVs to achieve therapeutic effect, but existing purification technology exists form low yield, purity, time-consuming, complex operation many other problems, which greatly limits application sEVs. Therefore, how obtain high-purity high-quality quickly efficiently, make them realize large-scale production is major problem current research. This paper discusses improve yield from whole process including upstream cell line selection culture process, downstream isolation purification, quality testing final storage technology.

Language: Английский

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Injectable decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogel promotes salivary gland regeneration via endogenous stem cell recruitment and suppression of fibrogenesis

Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 256 - 272

Published: Aug. 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Non-stem cell-derived exosomes: a novel therapeutics for neurotrauma

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 12, 2024

Abstract Neurotrauma, encompassing traumatic brain injuries (TBI) and spinal cord (SCI) impacts a significant portion of the global population. While spontaneous recovery post-TBI or SCI is possible, recent advancements in cell-based therapies aim to bolster these natural reparative mechanisms. Emerging research indicates that beneficial outcomes such might be largely mediated by exosomes secreted from administered cells. stem cells have garnered much attention, derived non-stem cells, including neurons, Schwann microglia, vascular endothelial shown notable therapeutic potential. These contribute angiogenesis, neurogenesis, axon remodeling, display anti-inflammatory properties, marking them as promising agents for neurorestorative treatments. This review provides an in-depth exploration current methodologies, challenges, future directions regarding role cell-derived neurotrauma.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Vasculogenesis in Dental Pulp Development: DPSCs-ECs Communication via FN1-ITGA5 Signaling

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 1060 - 1077

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Dental pulp regeneration therapy is a challenge to achieve early vascularization during treatment. Studying the regulatory mechanisms of vascular formation human dental development may provide insights for related therapies. In this study, we utilized single-cell sequencing analysis compare gene expression stem cells (DPSCs) and endothelial (ECs) from developing mature pulps.

Language: Английский

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UCP2 attenuates neural apoptosis and inflammation in spinal cord injury by inducing the acetylation of ANXA1 and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110399 - 110399

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Multidimensional exploration of hydrogels as biological scaffolds for spinal cord regeneration: mechanisms and future perspectives

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 23, 2025

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe condition that frequently leads to permanent disabilities and neurological dysfunction. Its progression driven by multifaceted pathophysiology, encompassing direct trauma, secondary cascades, intricate cellular molecular responses. While current therapies focus on alleviating symptoms restoring functionality, achieving effective neural regeneration in the spinal continues be significant challenge. Hydrogels, recognized for their exceptional biocompatibility, conductivity, injectability, have shown great potential as advanced scaffolds support neuronal axonal regeneration. Recently, these materials attracted interest field of SCI rehabilitation research. This review concludes recent progress hydrogel-based strategies rehabilitation, emphasizing distinct properties, underlying mechanisms, integration with bioactive molecules, stem cells, complementary biomaterials. Hydrogels foster providing tailored microenvironment, while features such self-repair, electrical controlled drug release significantly enhance therapeutic experimental models. explores hydrogel technologies applications, underscoring address challenges treatment paving way future clinical implementation.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles as therapeutic modulators of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: a focus on signaling mechanisms

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: April 25, 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles, which contribute significantly to neuroinflammation, central driver pathogenesis. The activation microglia astrocytes, coupled with complex interactions between Aβ pathologies innate immune response, leads cascade inflammatory events. This process triggers release pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines, exacerbating neuronal damage fostering cycle chronic inflammation that accelerates neurodegeneration. Key signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), Janus kinase/signal transducer activator transcription (JAK/STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein (PI3K/Akt), are involved in regulating production these mediators, offering potential therapeutic targets for AD. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged promising tool AD therapy, due their ability cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) deliver agents. Despite challenges standardizing EV-based therapies ensuring safety, EVs offer novel approach modulating neuroinflammation promoting neuroregeneration. review aims highlight intricate relationship emerging role therapeutics advancing treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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