Molecules,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
23(8), P. 1887 - 1887
Published: July 28, 2018
Plant
hormone
candidate
melatonin
has
been
widely
studied
in
plants
under
various
stress
conditions,
such
as
heat,
cold,
salt,
drought,
heavy
metal,
and
pathogen
attack.
Under
stress,
usually
accumulates
sharply
by
modulating
its
biosynthesis
metabolic
pathways.
Beginning
from
the
precursor
tryptophan,
four
consecutive
enzymes
mediate
of
tryptamine
or
5-hydroxytryptophan,
serotonin,
N-acetylserotonin
5-methoxytryptamine,
melatonin.
Then,
compound
is
catabolized
into
2-hydroxymelatonin,
cyclic-3-hydroxymelatonin,
N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxyknuramine
through
2-oxoglutarate-dependent
dioxygenase
catalysis
reaction
with
reactive
oxygen
species.
As
an
ancient
powerful
antioxidant,
directly
scavenges
ROS
induced
conditions.
Furthermore,
it
confreres
tolerance
activating
plant’s
antioxidant
system,
alleviating
photosynthesis
inhibition,
transcription
factors
that
are
involved
resisting,
chelating
promoting
transport
metals.
Melatonin
even
proven
to
defense
against
attacks
for
plant
other
stress-relevant
hormones,
like
salicylic
acid,
ethylene,
jasmonic
acid.
Intriguingly,
precursors
metabolite
molecules
also
can
increase
except
unconfirmed
N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxyknuramine.
Therefore,
metabolites
locating
at
whole
catabolism
pathway
could
contribute
resistance,
thus
providing
a
new
perspective
tolerance.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(21), P. 12913 - 12913
Published: Oct. 26, 2022
Abiotic
stresses,
such
as
drought,
salinity,
heat,
cold,
and
heavy
metals,
are
associated
with
global
climate
change
hamper
plant
growth
development,
affecting
crop
yields
quality.
However,
the
negative
effects
of
abiotic
stresses
can
be
mitigated
through
exogenous
treatments
using
small
biomolecules.
For
example,
foliar
application
melatonin
provides
following:
it
protects
photosynthetic
apparatus;
increases
antioxidant
defenses,
osmoprotectant,
soluble
sugar
levels;
prevents
tissue
damage
reduces
electrolyte
leakage;
improves
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
scavenging;
biomass,
maintains
redox
ion
homeostasis,
gaseous
exchange.
Glutathione
spray
upregulates
glyoxalase
system,
methylglyoxal
(MG)
toxicity
oxidative
stress,
decreases
hydrogen
peroxide
malondialdehyde
accumulation,
defense
mechanisms,
repairs,
nitrogen
fixation,
phytochelatins.
The
proline
enhances
other
physiological
characteristics,
osmoprotection,
integrity
plasma
lemma,
lipid
peroxidation,
pigments,
phenolic
acids,
flavonoids,
amino
stress
tolerance,
carbon
leaf
content.
glycine
betaine
growth,
osmoprotection
osmoregulation,
relative
water
content,
net
rate,
catalase
activity,
photorespiration,
leakage,
oxygen-evolving
complex,
chlorosis.
Chemical
priming
has
various
important
advantages
over
transgenic
technology
is
typically
more
affordable
for
farmers
safe
plants,
people,
animals,
while
being
considered
environmentally
acceptable.
helps
to
improve
quality
quantity
yield.
This
review
summarizes
discusses
how
melatonin,
glutathione,
proline,
help
crops
combat
stresses.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
13(1), P. 294 - 294
Published: Dec. 30, 2020
Melatonin,
a
multifunctional
signaling
molecule,
is
ubiquitously
distributed
in
different
parts
of
plant
and
responsible
for
stimulating
several
physiochemical
responses
against
adverse
environmental
conditions
various
systems.
Melatonin
acts
as
an
indoleamine
neurotransmitter
primarily
considered
antioxidant
agent
that
can
control
reactive
oxygen
nitrogen
species
plants.
being
agent,
induces
specific
physiological
plants
might
serve
to
enhance
photosynthesis,
growth,
carbon
fixation,
rooting,
seed
germination
defense
biotic
abiotic
stressors.
It
also
works
important
modulator
gene
expression
related
hormones
such
the
metabolism
indole-3-acetic
acid,
cytokinin,
ethylene,
gibberellin
auxin
carrier
proteins.
Additionally,
regulation
stress-specific
genes
activation
pathogenesis-related
protein
enzyme
under
stress
make
it
more
versatile
molecule.
Because
diversity
action
melatonin,
its
role
development,
behavior
plant’s
master
regulator.
This
review
outlines
main
functions
melatonin
physiology,
development
higher
Its
anti-stressor
stressors,
drought,
salinity,
temperatures,
UV
radiation
toxic
chemicals,
analyzed
critically.
we
have
identified
many
new
aspects
where
may
possible
roles
plants,
example,
function
improving
storage
life
quality
fruits
vegetables,
which
be
useful
enhancing
environmentally
friendly
crop
production
ensuring
food
safety.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
23(8), P. 1887 - 1887
Published: July 28, 2018
Plant
hormone
candidate
melatonin
has
been
widely
studied
in
plants
under
various
stress
conditions,
such
as
heat,
cold,
salt,
drought,
heavy
metal,
and
pathogen
attack.
Under
stress,
usually
accumulates
sharply
by
modulating
its
biosynthesis
metabolic
pathways.
Beginning
from
the
precursor
tryptophan,
four
consecutive
enzymes
mediate
of
tryptamine
or
5-hydroxytryptophan,
serotonin,
N-acetylserotonin
5-methoxytryptamine,
melatonin.
Then,
compound
is
catabolized
into
2-hydroxymelatonin,
cyclic-3-hydroxymelatonin,
N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxyknuramine
through
2-oxoglutarate-dependent
dioxygenase
catalysis
reaction
with
reactive
oxygen
species.
As
an
ancient
powerful
antioxidant,
directly
scavenges
ROS
induced
conditions.
Furthermore,
it
confreres
tolerance
activating
plant’s
antioxidant
system,
alleviating
photosynthesis
inhibition,
transcription
factors
that
are
involved
resisting,
chelating
promoting
transport
metals.
Melatonin
even
proven
to
defense
against
attacks
for
plant
other
stress-relevant
hormones,
like
salicylic
acid,
ethylene,
jasmonic
acid.
Intriguingly,
precursors
metabolite
molecules
also
can
increase
except
unconfirmed
N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxyknuramine.
Therefore,
metabolites
locating
at
whole
catabolism
pathway
could
contribute
resistance,
thus
providing
a
new
perspective
tolerance.
