Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 20, P. 2553 - 2567
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
poses
a
significant
treatment
challenge,
with
some
patients
unresponsive
to
conventional
therapies.
Electroconvulsive
therapy
(ECT)
can
be
effective
but
its
mechanisms
are
not
fully
understood.
This
study
employs
functional
Near-Infrared
Spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
explore
the
neurobiological
changes
induced
by
ECT
in
A
MDD
patient,
aiming
shed
light
on
therapeutic
effects.
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: May 6, 2020
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
a
global
psychiatric
with
no
established
biomarker.
There
growing
evidence
that
functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
has
the
ability
to
aid
in
diagnosis
and
prediction
of
treatment
response
MDD.
The
aim
this
review
was
systematically
review,
gather
from
existing
studies
used
fNIRS
signals
MDD,
correlations
depression
symptomatology,
monitoring
response.PubMed,
EMBASE,
ScienceDirect,
Cochrane
Library
databases
were
searched
for
published
English
articles
1980
June
2019
focused
on
application
(i)
differentiating
depressed
versus
nondepressed
individuals,
(ii)
correlating
turn
(iii)
responses
depression.
Studies
included
if
they
utilized
evaluate
cerebral
hemodynamic
variations
patients
MDD
any
age
group.
quality
assessed
using
Newcastle-Ottawa
assessment
scale.A
total
64
12
being
longitudinal,
while
rest
cross-sectional.
More
than
two-thirds
(n
=
49)
had
acceptable
quality.
consistently
demonstrated
attenuated
changes
compared
healthy
individuals.
have
also
shown
promise
individual
symptoms
various
responses.This
provides
comprehensive
updated
diagnostic
predictive
applications
Future
involving
larger
sample
sizes,
standardized
methodology,
examination
more
brain
regions
an
integrative
approach,
longitudinal
follow-ups
are
needed.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Jan. 31, 2019
Introduction:
Electroconvulsive
therapy
(ECT)
has
antidepressant
effects,
but
it
also
possible
cognitive
side
effects.
The
effects
of
ECT
on
neuronal
oscillatory
pattern
and
phase
synchronization,
the
relationship
between
clinical
response
or
change
electroencephalogram
(EEG)
measurements
remain
elusive.
Methods:
Individuals
with
unipolar
depressive
disorder
receiving
bilateral
were
recruited.
Five
minutes
resting,
eyes-closed,
19-lead
EEG
recordings
obtained
before
after
a
course
ECT.
Non-overlapping
60
artifact-free
epocs
2-s
duration
used
for
analyses.
We
exact
low
resolution
electromagnetic
tomography
(eLORETA)
to
compute
whole-brain
three-dimensional
intracortical
distribution
current
source
density
(CSD)
synchronization
among
28
regions-of-interest
(ROIs).
Paired
t-tests
identify
cortical
voxels
connectivities
showing
changes
Montgomery
Asberg
Depression
Rating
Scale
(MADRS)
Mini-Mental
State
Examination
(MMSE)
evaluate
severity
depression
global
function.
Correlation
analyses
conducted
in
MADRS
MMSE.
Results:
Thirteen
depressed
patients
(five
females,
mean
age:
58.4
years
old)
included.
increased
theta
CSD
anterior
cingulate
cortex
(ACC),
decreased
beta
frontal
pole
(FP),
gamma
inferior
parietal
lobule
(IPL).
posterior
(PCC)
cortex,
PCC
temporal
regions.
A
decline
left
hemisphere
was
associated
Conclusion:
modulated
resting-state
patterns
central
nodes
default
mode
network
(DMN).
Changes
might
explain
ECT-related
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
88, P. 287 - 302
Published: Aug. 15, 2018
Neuroimaging
studies
assessing
neurobiological
differences
between
patients
with
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
and
healthy
controls
(HC)
are
often
hindered
by
small
sample
sizes
heterogeneity
of
the
patient
sample.
We
performed
a
comprehensive
literature
search
for
cortical
thickness
control
groups,
including
investigating
treatment
effects
on
thickness.
identified
34
meeting
criteria
systematic
review
used
Seed-based
d
Mapping
to
meta-analyze
24
those
that
met
additional
criteria.
Analysis
full
subjects
(MDD
=
1073;
HC
936)
revealed
significant
thinning
in
MDD
group
bilateral
orbitofrontal
gyrus
(BA
11),
left
pars
opercularis
45)
calcarine
fissure/lingual
17),
as
well
an
area
thickening
supramarginal
40).
These
results
support
other
imaging
modalities
report
disruptions
various
frontal
temporal
areas
identify
all
cerebral
lobes
likely
be
when
parsing
biomarkers
or
relapse.
IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
13, P. 292 - 308
Published: Oct. 17, 2019
This
review
presents
a
practical
primer
for
functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
with
respect
to
technology,
experimentation,
and
analysis
software.
Its
purpose
is
jump-start
interested
practitioners
considering
utilizing
non-invasive,
versatile,
nevertheless
challenging
window
into
the
brain
using
optical
methods.
We
briefly
recapitulate
relevant
anatomical
foundations
give
short
historical
overview.
describe
competing
types
of
illumination
(trans-illumination,
reflectance,
differential
reflectance)
data
collection
methods
(continuous
wave,
time
domain
frequency
domain).
Basic
components
(light
sources,
detection,
recording
components)
fNIRS
systems
are
presented.
Advantages
limitations
techniques
offered,
followed
by
list
very
recommendations
its
use.
A
variety
experimental
clinical
studies
sampled,
shedding
light
on
many
brain-related
ailments.
Finally,
we
discuss
number
freely
available
presentation
packages
suited
analysis.
In
conclusion,
recommend
due
ever-growing
body
applications,
state-of-the-art
neuroimaging
technique
manageable
hardware
requirements.
It
can
be
safely
concluded
that
adds
new
arrow
quiver
neuro-medical
examinations
both
great
versatility
limited
costs.
Neurophotonics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(01)
Published: Feb. 7, 2023
Functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
is
an
optical
imaging
technique
for
assessing
human
brain
activity
by
noninvasively
measuring
the
fluctuation
of
cerebral
oxygenated-
and
deoxygenated-hemoglobin
concentrations
associated
with
neuronal
activity.
Owing
to
its
superior
mobility,
low
cost,
good
tolerance
motion,
past
few
decades
have
witnessed
a
rapid
increase
in
research
clinical
use
fNIRS
variety
psychiatric
disorders.
In
this
perspective
article,
we
first
briefly
summarize
state-of-the-art
concerning
psychiatry.
particular,
highlight
diverse
applications
research,
advanced
development
instruments,
novel
study
designs
exploring
We
then
discuss
some
open
challenges
share
our
perspectives
on
future
practice.
conclude
that
holds
promise
becoming
useful
tool
settings
respect
developing
closed-loop
systems
improving
individualized
treatments
diagnostics.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(13), P. 6918 - 6918
Published: June 22, 2022
Electroconvulsive
therapy
(ECT)
is
based
on
conducting
an
electrical
current
through
the
brain
to
stimulate
it
and
trigger
generalized
convulsion
activity
with
therapeutic
ends.
Due
efficient
use
of
ECT
during
last
years,
interest
in
molecular
bases
involved
its
mechanism
action
has
increased.
Therefore,
different
hypotheses
have
emerged.
In
this
context,
goal
review
describe
neurobiological,
endocrine,
immune
mechanisms
detail
clinical
efficacy
psychiatric
pathologies.
This
a
narrative
which
extensive
literature
search
was
performed
Scopus,
Embase,
PubMed,
ISI
Web
Science,
Google
Scholar
databases
from
inception
February
2022.
The
terms
"electroconvulsive
therapy",
"neurobiological
effects
electroconvulsive
"molecular
"psychiatric
disorders"
were
among
keywords
used
search.
include
neurobiological
function
modifications
endocrine
changes
that
take
place
after
ECT.
Among
these,
decrease
neural
network
hyperconnectivity,
neuroinflammation
reduction,
neurogenesis
promotion,
modulation
monoaminergic
systems,
hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal
hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid
axes
normalization
been
described.
majority
these
elements
are
physiopathological
components
targets
mental
illnesses.
Likewise,
recently
expanded,
evidence
for
other
pathologies,
such
as
Parkinson's
disease
psychosis,
malignant
neuroleptic
syndrome,
post-traumatic
stress
disorder,
obsessive-compulsive
disorder.
conclusion,
there
sufficient
support
treatment
disorders,
potentially
immune,
systems.
Journal of Ect,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
39(3), P. 166 - 172
Published: Jan. 30, 2023
Objective
Few
studies
on
electroconvulsive
therapy
(ECT)
investigate
efficacy
and
safety
depressive
adolescents
with
strong
suicidal
ideation.
Our
study
examined
(aged
13–18
years)
major
disorder
to
explore
ECT
effectiveness
in
improving
ideation
symptoms,
as
well
its
impact
cognitive
function.
Methods
This
nonrandomized
controlled
trial
enrolled
183
adolescent
patients
suffering
from
disorder.
The
group
(n
=
81)
was
treated
antidepressants
8
rounds
of
for
2
weeks.
control
comprised
79
only.
Depressive
ideation,
functions
were
assessed
at
baseline
(pre-ECT)
6
weeks
post-ECT.
Results
showed
significant
improvements
over
the
end
treatment
after
(
P
<
0.001).
symptoms
also
improved
Patients
demonstrated
poorer
performance
delayed
memory,
attention,
language,
but
these
impairments
transient.
Thus,
generally
safe
Conclusions
findings
verified
effective
In
addition,
partially
impaired
function
recovered
gradually
ECT.
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 4, 2022
Background
Previous
studies
have
shown
the
clinical
effect
of
2
Hz
repetitive
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
(rTMS)
for
depression;
however,
its
underlying
neural
mechanisms
are
poorly
understood.
The
aim
this
study
was
to
examine
effects
rTMS
on
activity
prefrontal
cortex
in
patients
with
depression,
using
functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS).
Methods
Forty
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
and
40
healthy
controls
were
enrolled
study.
Patients
underwent
4
weeks
TMS
delivered
right
dorsolateral
(DLPFC).
fNIRS
used
measure
changes
concentration
oxygenated
hemoglobin
([oxy-Hb])
during
a
verbal
fluency
task
(VFT)
depressed
before
after
treatment.
severity
depression
assessed
Hamilton
Rating
Scale
Depression-24
item
(HAMD-24).
Results
Prior
rTMS,
exhibited
significantly
smaller
[oxy-Hb]
values
bilateral
VFT
compared
controls.
After
DLPFC
treatment,
increased
frontopolar
(FPPFC),
ventrolateral
(VLPFC)
left
observed
patients.
from
baseline
post-treatment
VLPFC
positively
related
reduction
HAMD
score
following
rTMS.
Conclusion
These
findings
suggest
that
function
impaired
could
be
recovered
by
fNIRS-measured
activation
cognitive
is
potential
biomarker
monitoring
patients’
treatment
response
BMC Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: March 30, 2023
Abstract
Background
Previous
studies
have
shown
that
insomnia
affects
human
prefrontal
function
and
there
are
specific
patterns
of
brain
activation
to
counteract
sleep
improve
cognition.
However,
the
effects
on
cortex
MDD
(major
depressive
disorder)
patients
in
remain
unclear.
The
aim
this
study
is
examine
using
fNIRS
(functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy).
Methods
Eighty
depressed
44
healthy
controls
were
recruited
for
study.
was
used
assess
changes
concentration
oxygenated
hemoglobin
([oxy-Hb])
all
participants
during
VFT
(verbal
fluency
test)
record
number
words
created
cognitive
ability.
Pittsburgh
Sleep
Quality
Index
quality,
Hamilton
Rating
Scale
Depression
(24-item)
Anxiety
(14-item)
severity
depression
anxiety.
Results
When
comparing
patients,
control
group
had
significantly
higher
[oxy-Hb]
values
bilateral
than
group.
In
group,
regions
except
right
DLPFC
with
without
insomnia,
but
their
performance
lower
PSQI
scores
positively
correlated
some
left-brain
regions,
whereas
HAMD
HAMA
not
values.
Conclusion
PFC
less
active
those
controls.
All
DLPFC,
more
suggesting
quality
needs
be
an
important
indicator
screening.
addition,
a
positive
correlation
between
left
VLPFC
level
activation,
role
region
neurophysiology
overcoming
sleepiness
patients.
these
findings
may
provide
new
ideas
treatment
future.
Trial
registration
Our
experiment
registered
China
Clinical
Registry
(registration
ChiCTR2200065622)
November
10.(
first
patient
10/11/2022.)
