Multimodal neuroimaging in post-COVID syndrome and correlation with cognition

Brain, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 146(5), P. 2142 - 2152

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

Brain changes have been reported in the first weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, limited literature exists about brain alterations post-COVID syndrome, a condition increasingly associated with cognitive impairment. The present study aimed to evaluate functional and structural patients assess whether these were related dysfunction. Eighty-six syndrome 36 healthy controls recruited underwent neuroimaging acquisition comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Cognitive examinations performed 11 months symptoms of SARS-CoV-2. Whole-brain connectivity analysis was performed. Voxel-based morphometry grey matter volume, diffusion tensor imaging carried out analyse white-matter alterations. Correlations between cognition conducted Bonferroni corrected. Post-COVID presented changes, characterized by hypoconnectivity left right parahippocampal areas, bilateral orbitofrontal cerebellar areas compared controls. These accompanied reduced volume cortical, limbic white axial mean diffusivity. Grey loss showed significant associations more pronounced hospitalized non-hospitalized patients. No vaccination status found. shows persistent abnormalities acute are dysfunction contribute better understanding pathophysiology syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Post-COVID cognitive dysfunction: current status and research recommendations for high risk population

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 100836 - 100836

Published: July 5, 2023

Summary

Post-COVID cognitive dysfunction (PCCD) is a condition in which patients with history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, usually three months from the onset, exhibit subsequent impairment various domains, and cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis. While our knowledge risk factors management strategy PCCD still incomplete, it necessary to integrate current epidemiology, diagnosis treatment evidence, form consensus criteria better understand this disease improve management. Identifying vulnerable population providing reliable strategies for effective prevention urgently needed. In paper, we reviewed diagnostic markers, available treatments on disease, formed research recommendation framework population, under background post-COVID period.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID, the Brain, Nerves, and Cognitive Function

Neurology International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 821 - 841

Published: July 6, 2023

SARS-CoV-2, a single-stranded RNA coronavirus, causes an illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Long-term complications are increasing issue in patients who have been infected with COVID-19 and may be result of viral-associated systemic central nervous system inflammation or arise from virus-induced hypercoagulable state. incite changes brain function wide range lingering symptoms. Patients often experience fatigue note fog, sensorimotor symptoms, sleep disturbances. Prolonged neurological neuropsychiatric symptoms prevalent can interfere substantially everyday life, leading to massive public health concern. The mechanistic pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 infection sequelae important subject ongoing research. Inflammation- induced blood-brain barrier permeability viral neuro-invasion direct nerve damage involved. Though the mechanisms uncertain, resulting documented numerous patient reports studies. This review examines constellation spectrum seen long COVID incorporates information on prevalence these contributing factors, typical course. Although treatment options generally lacking, potential therapeutic approaches for alleviating improving quality life explored.

Language: Английский

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Persistent symptoms and clinical findings in adults with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19/post-COVID-19 syndrome in the second year after acute infection: A population-based, nested case-control study

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. e1004511 - e1004511

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Background Self-reported health problems following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are common and often include relatively non-specific complaints such as fatigue, exertional dyspnoea, concentration or memory disturbance sleep problems. The long-term prognosis of post-acute sequelae COVID-19/post-COVID-19 (PCS) is unknown, data finding correlating organ dysfunction pathology with self-reported symptoms in patients non-recovery from PCS scarce. We wanted to describe clinical characteristics diagnostic findings among persisting for >1 year assessed risk factors persistence versus improvement. Methods This nested population-based case-control study included subjects aged 18–65 years ( n = 982) age- sex-matched control without 576) according an earlier questionnaire (6–12 months after infection, phase 1) consenting provide follow-up information undergo comprehensive outpatient assessment, including neurocognitive, cardiopulmonary exercise, laboratory testing four university centres southwestern Germany (phase 2, another 8.5 [median, range 3–14 months] 1). mean age the participants was 48 years, 65% were female. At 67.6% at 1 developed persistent PCS, whereas 78.5% recovered remained free related PCS. Improvement associated mild index previous full-time employment, educational status, no specialist consultation not attending a rehabilitation programme. development new initially intercurrent secondary SARS-CoV-2 status. Patients less frequently never smokers (61.2% 75.7%), more obese (30.2% 12.4%) higher values body mass (BMI) fat, had lower status (university entrance qualification 38.7% 61.5%) than continued recovery. Fatigue/exhaustion, neurocognitive disturbance, chest symptoms/breathlessness anxiety/depression/sleep predominant symptom clusters. Exercise intolerance post-exertional malaise (PEM) >14 h compatible myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue reported by 35.6% 11.6% patients, respectively. In analyses adjusted sex-age class combinations, centre qualification, significant differences between those recovery observed performance three different tests, scores perceived stress, subjective cognitive disturbances, dysautonomia, depression anxiety, quality, quality life. handgrip strength (40.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) [39.4, 41.1]] 42.5 CI [41.5, 43.6]] kg), maximal oxygen consumption (27.9 [27.3, 28.4]] 31.0 [30.3, 31.6]] ml/min/kg weight) ventilatory efficiency (minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope, 28.8 [28.3, 29.2]] 27.1 [26.6, 27.7]]) significantly reduced relative group adjustment centre, education, BMI, smoking use beta blocking agents. There measures systolic diastolic cardiac function rest, level N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide blood levels other measurements (including complement activity, markers Epstein–Barr virus [EBV] reactivation, inflammatory coagulation markers, serum cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate). Screening viral (PCR stool samples spike antigen plasma) subgroup negative. Sensitivity (pre-existing illness/comorbidity, obesity, medical care infection) revealed similar findings. PEM pain worse results almost all tests. A limitation that we objective on exercise capacity cognition before infection. addition, did unable attend clinic whatever reason illness, immobility social deprivation exclusion. Conclusions this study, majority working recover second their illness. Patterns essentially similar, dominated complaints. Despite signs deficits capacity, there major investigations, our do support persistence, EBV adrenal insufficiency increased turnover pathophysiologically relevant history disease might help stratify cases severity.

Language: Английский

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Neuropsychological impairment in post-COVID condition individuals with and without cognitive complaints

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

One of the most prevalent symptoms post-COVID condition is cognitive impairment, which results in a significant degree disability and low quality life. In studies with large sample sizes, attention, memory, executive function were reported as long-term symptoms. This study aims to describe dysfunction individuals, compare objective neuropsychological performance those individuals without complaints, identify short exams that can differentiate from controls. To address these aims, Nautilus project was started June 2021. During first year, we collected 428 participants' data, including 319 109 healthy controls (18-65 years old) who underwent comprehensive battery for assessment. Scores on tests assessing global cognition, learning processing speed, language functions significantly worse group than Montreal Cognitive Assessment, digit symbol test, phonetic verbal fluency binomial logistic regression model could effectively distinguish patients good overall sensitivity accuracy. Neuropsychological test did not differ between complaints. Our research suggests conditions experience impairment routine like symbol, might impairment. Thus, administration would be helpful all post-COVID-19 symptoms, regardless whether complaints are present or absent.www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifiers NCT05307549 NCT05307575.

Language: Английский

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Development of criteria for cognitive dysfunction in post-COVID syndrome: the IC-CoDi-COVID approach

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 319, P. 115006 - 115006

Published: Dec. 10, 2022

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 severity is related to poor executive function in people with post-COVID conditions

Journal of Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 270(5), P. 2392 - 2408

Published: March 20, 2023

Patients with post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) conditions typically experience cognitive problems. Some studies have linked COVID-19 severity long-term damage, while others did not observe such associations. This discrepancy can be attributed to methodological and sample variations. We aimed clarify the relationship between outcomes determine whether initial symptomatology predict Cognitive evaluations were performed on 109 healthy controls 319 post-COVID individuals categorized into three groups according WHO clinical progression scale: severe-critical (n = 77), moderate-hospitalized 73), outpatients 169). Principal component analysis was used identify factors associated symptoms in acute-phase domains. Analyses of variance regression linear models study intergroup differences The group significantly worse than control general cognition (Montreal Assessment), executive function (Digit symbol, Trail Making Test B, phonetic fluency), social (Reading Mind Eyes test). Five components emerged from principal analysis: "Neurologic/Pain/Dermatologic" "Digestive/Headache", "Respiratory/Fever/Fatigue/Psychiatric" "Smell/ Taste" predictors Montreal Assessment scores; predicted attention working memory; verbal memory, "Respiratory/Fever/Fatigue/Psychiatric," "Neurologic/Pain/Dermatologic," "Digestive/Headache" function. severe exhibited persistent deficits Several sequelae, indicating role systemic inflammation neuroinflammation COVID-19." Study Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov , identifier NCT05307549 NCT05307575.

Language: Английский

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Effects of COVID-19 on cognition and brain health

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. 1053 - 1067

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

COVID-19 is associated with a range of neurological, cognitive, and mental health symptoms both acutely chronically that can persist for many months after infection in people long-COVID syndrome. Investigations cognitive function neuroimaging have begun to elucidate the nature some these symptoms. They reveal that, although deficits may be related brain imaging abnormalities people, also occur absence objective or changes. Furthermore, impairment detected even asymptomatic individuals. We consider evidence regarding symptoms, deficits, neuroimaging, as well their possible underlying mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive decline in older adults in the UK during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal analysis of PROTECT study data

The Lancet Healthy Longevity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(11), P. e591 - e599

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

BackgroundAlthough the long-term health effects of COVID-19 are increasingly recognised, societal restrictions during pandemic hold potential for considerable detriment to cognitive and mental health, particularly because major dementia risk factors—such as those related exercise dietary habits—were affected this period. We used longitudinal data from PROTECT study evaluate effect on cognition in older adults UK.MethodsFor analysis, we computerised neuropsychology individuals aged 50 years participating UK. Data were collected same participants before (March 1, 2019–Feb 29, 2020) its first 2020–Feb 28, 2021) second 2021–Feb 2022) years. compared across three time periods using a linear mixed-effects model. Subgroup analyses conducted people with mild impairment who reported history COVID-19, an exploratory regression analysis identified factors associated changes trajectory.FindingsPre-pandemic included 3142 participants, whom 1696 (54·0%) women 1446 (46·0%) men, mean age 67·5 (SD 9·6, range 50–96). Significant worsening executive function working memory was observed year whole cohort (effect size 0·15 [95% CI 0·12–0·17] 0·51 [0·49–0·53] memory), (0·13 [0·07–0·20] 0·40 [0·36–0·47]), (0·24 [0·16–0·31] 0·46 [0·39–0·53]). Worsening sustained (0·47; 0·44–0·49). Regression indicated that decline significantly reduced (p=0·0049; function) increased alcohol use (p=0·049; memory) cohort, well depression (p=0·011; loneliness (p=0·0038; impairment. In pandemic, continued affect associations between (p=0·0040), (p=0·042), (p=0·014) impairment, (p=0·0029), (p=0·031) (p=0·036) COVID-19.InterpretationThe resulted significant adults, known factors. The highlights need public interventions mitigate dementia—particularly conversion within 5 is substantial risk. Long-term intervention should be considered support health.FundingNational Institute Health Care Research.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive impairment in young adults with post COVID-19 syndrome

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 19, 2023

In this study, we aimed to examine different cognitive domains in a large sample of patients with post COVID-19 syndrome. Two hundred and fourteen patients, 85.04% women, ranged 26 64 years (mean = 47.48 years) took part investigation. Patients' processing speed, attention, executive functions various language modalities were examined online using comprehensive task protocol designed for research. Alteration some the tasks was observed 85% participants, being attention tests ones that show highest percentage severe impairment. Positive correlations between age participants almost all assessed, implying better performance milder impairment increasing age. comparisons according age, oldest found maintain their relatively preserved, only mild speed processing, while youngest showed most marked heterogeneous These results confirm subjective complaints syndrome and, thanks size, allow us observe effect patient on performance, an never reported before these characteristics.

Language: Английский

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