Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Lights and Shadows

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 152 - 152

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, primarily driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. This review examines the role antioxidants in mitigating damage, emphasizing both their therapeutic potential limitations AMD management. Key findings underscore efficacy specific antioxidants, including vitamins C E, lutein, zeaxanthin, Coenzyme Q10, slowing progression. Landmark studies such as AREDS AREDS2 have shaped current antioxidant formulations, although challenges persist, patient variability long-term safety concerns. Emerging therapies, mitochondrial-targeted novel compounds like saffron resveratrol, offer promising avenues for treatment. Complementary lifestyle interventions, antioxidant-rich diets physical activity, further support holistic management approaches. highlights critical therapy, advocating personalized strategies to optimize outcomes.

Language: Английский

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In-vitro cytotoxicity of biosynthesized nanoceria using Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves extract against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Cerium oxide nanoparticles possess unique properties that make them promising candidates in various fields, including cancer treatment. Among the proposed synthesis methods for CNPs, biosynthesis using natural extracts, offers an eco-friendly and convenient approach producing particularly biomedical applications. In this study, a novel method of aqueous extract Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves was used to synthesize CNPs. Scanning electron microscopy Transmission (TEM) techniques revealed synthesized CNPs exhibit flower-like morphology. The particle size obtained Powder X-ray diffraction peaks TEM as 13.43 39.25 nm. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy Fourier transform infrared confirmed effect biomolecules during process formation cytotoxicity biosynthesized samples evaluated MTT demonstrating potential these inhibit MCF-7 cancerous cells. viability cell line conducted by live/dead imaging assay indicated their Furthermore, successful uptake cells, demonstrated confocal microscopy, provides evidence intracellular pathway contributes anticancer activity general, results indicate significant against line, attributed high surface area.

Language: Английский

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Nanozymes for Treating Ocular Diseases

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 13, 2024

Nanozymes, characterized by their nanoscale size and enzyme-like catalytic activities, exhibit diverse therapeutic potentials, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic effects. These properties make them highly valuable in nanomedicine, particularly ocular therapy, bypassing the need for systemic delivery. Nanozymes show significant promise tackling multi-factored diseases, those influenced oxidation inflammation, like dry eye disease, age-related macular degeneration. Their small size, coupled with ease of modification integration into soft materials, facilitates effective penetration barriers, thereby enabling targeted or prolonged therapy within eye. This review is dedicated to exploring diseases that are intricately linked shedding light on role nanozymes managing these conditions. Additionally, recent studies elucidating advanced applications therapeutics, along materials disease management, discussed. Finally, this outlines directions future investigations aimed at bridging gap between nanozyme research clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Lipid Coating Modulates Effects of Nanoceria on Oxidative Metabolism in Human Embryonic Lung Fibroblasts: A Case of Cardiolipin

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 53 - 53

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The unique redox properties of nanoscale cerium dioxide determine its diverse application in biology and medicine as a regulator oxidative metabolism. Lipid modifiers the nanoparticle surface change their biochemical bioavailability. Complexes with lipids can be formed upon contact nanoparticles membrane. effects lipid coating on nanoceria have not been studied yet. Here, we assessed effect bare cardiolipin-coated CeO2 expression metabolism genes human embryonic lung fibroblasts. Cell viability, mitochondrial activity, intracellular reactive oxygen species, NOX4, NRF2, NF-κB expression, DNA damage/repair, autophagy, cell proliferation were studied. We used an MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry. At concentration 1.5 μM, penetrated into cells within 1–3 h. survival, proliferative similar for nanoceria. Intracellular ROS, activation NF-kB, damage, break/repair different. Cardiolipin-coated induced stress short-term these damage/break/repair. Unlike nanoceria, autophagy. Thus, are determined by both itself cardiolipin. Presumably, differences due to peroxidation This needs taken account when developing nanoceria-based drugs targeting mitochondria.

Language: Английский

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“Bioactive” Therapeutic Contact Lens Triggered by Biomimetic Chiral Helical Nanoarchitectonics for Rapid Corneal Repair

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Consistent corneal epithelial injury would cause chronic inflammation, neovascularization, and even scarring, resulting in vision loss. Rapid repair is crucial for treatment, within which the use of therapeutic contact lenses presents great promise. A challenge how to achieve rapid severely deficient epithelium regulation oxidative stress environment simultaneously. Herein, a "bioactive" lens, mimicking layered helical structure native cornea, designed based on assembly cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) inside poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) with CeOx formed CNCs' surface (CeOx/CNC@CNC-PHEMA). The obtained CeOx/CNC@CNC-PHEMA hydrogel possesses chiral that regulates microenvironment, nanoscaled (CeOx/CNC) acts as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger triggers lens repair. This meets conditions including high degree transparency, excellent mechanical properties, ROS-scavenging efficacy, significant enhancement biocompatibility. Importantly, adhesion proliferation human cells hydrogels are successful. An vitro damage model vivo animal experiments were conducted, results revealed realized migration antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antineovascular effects, achieving modulation ocular evidencing property lens. biotopological biomimetic architecture has provided rational strategy

Language: Английский

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Excipients for Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticle Stabilization in the Perspective of Biomedical Applications

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 1210 - 1210

Published: March 8, 2025

Rare earth metal nanoparticles, some of which are already widely used in medicine, growing interest the modern scientific community. One promising rare metals for biomedical applications is cerium, specifically its oxide form, characterized by a higher level stability and safety. According to number studies, cerium dioxide has wide range biological effects (regenerative, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor), justifies potential application medicine. However, these their intensity vary significantly across studies. Since was it can be assumed that not only chemical formula important, but also physicochemical parameters nanoparticles obtained, consequently methods synthesis modification with use excipients. In this review, we considered possibilities using excipients (polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextran, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, polycarboxylic acids, lecithin, phosphatidylcholine) context preserving properties, as well degree study combinations from point view prospect creating drugs based on applications.

Language: Английский

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Application of Nanomaterials in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Retinal Diseases

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

Abstract In recent years, nanomaterials have demonstrated broad prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases due to their unique physicochemical properties, such as small‐size effects, high biocompatibility, functional surfaces. Retinal are often accompanied by complex pathological microenvironments, where conventional diagnostic therapeutic approaches face challenges low drug delivery efficiency, risks associated with invasive procedures, difficulties real‐time monitoring. Nanomaterials hold promise addressing these limitations traditional therapies, thereby improving precision efficacy. The applications diagnostics summarized, they enable high‐resolution imaging carrying fluorescent probes or contrast agents act biosensors sensitively detect disease‐related biomarkers, facilitating early dynamic therapeutics, functionalized nanocarriers can precisely deliver drugs, genes, antioxidant molecules target cells, significantly enhancing outcomes while reducing systemic toxicity. Additionally, nanofiber materials possess properties that make them particularly suitable for regeneration tissue engineering. By loading neurotrophic factors into scaffolds, regenerative effects be amplified, promoting repair neurons. Despite immense potential, clinical translation still requires long‐term biosafety, scalable manufacturing processes, optimization targeting efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Nanomedicines for Dry Eye Syndrome: Targeting Oxidative Stress with Modern Nanomaterial Strategies

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(16), P. 3732 - 3732

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a dynamic, chronic disease of the ocular surface and appendages caused by inflammation. The most common symptoms include redness, itching, blurred vision, resulting from dysfunction meibomian glands impaired tear-film production. Factors contributing to development DES environmental elements, such as UV radiation, internal hormonal imbalances. These factors increase oxidative stress, which exacerbates inflammation on accelerates DES. In recent years, incidence has risen, leading greater need develop effective treatments. Current treatments for dry are limited primarily focus alleviating individual symptoms, reducing surface. However, it crucial understand pathomechanism tailor treatment address underlying causes achieve best possible therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, in this review, we analyzed impact stress gain better understanding its examined recently developed nanosystems that allow drugs be delivered directly site.

Language: Английский

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Rhodium Nanozyme Mitigates RPE Degeneration and Preserves Vision in Age-Related Macular Degeneration via Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 101230 - 101230

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among elderly people worldwide. However, there are currently no effective treatments for AMD. Oxidative stress-induced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and inflammatory response main causes In this study, a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated rhodium nanozyme (PEG-RhZ) with excellent reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen (RNS) elimination capability was synthesized treatment PEG-RhZs protected RPE cell viability barrier function upon exposure to oxidative stress stimuli. Additionally, microglial migration iNOS, IL-1β TNF-α expression were inhibited by PEG-RhZs. acute phase AMD model, significantly alleviated damage activation. late stage reduced photoreceptor loss improved vision impairment. Furthermore, showed good biocompatibility stability both

Language: Английский

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