Dry eye disease management

BMJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e077344 - e077344

Published: March 25, 2024

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Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease: Considerations for Clinical Management

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(9), P. 1458 - 1458

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Dry eye disease is a multifactorial condition characterised by tear film instability, hyperosmolarity and ocular surface inflammation. Understanding the epidemiology of dry recognising both modifiable non-modifiable risk factors can assist care practitioners in assessing, treating, managing patients with condition. This review considers current knowledge surrounding its incidence prevalence, as well associated demographic, systemic, ocular, iatrogenic, lifestyle-related factors. Population-based prevalence estimates vary according to diagnostic criteria used define disease, severity demographic characteristics population. Considering recent data variable population demographics, conservative suggest that 10-20% over 40 years age report moderate severe symptoms and/or seek treatment for disease. Individuals specific may be at increased developing Advanced age, female sex East Asian ethnicity have been identified key features predisposing individuals Systemic conditions an include migraine, Sjögren syndrome, connective tissue disorders, mental health diabetes mellitus androgen deficiency. Medications contribute this antidepressants, antihistamines, hormone replacement therapy. Ocular iatrogenic blepharitis,

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Sourced Exosomes as Potentially Novel Remedies for Severe Dry Eye Disease

Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Severe dry eye disease (DED) is an inflammatory condition characterized by a lack of sufficient moisture or lubrication on the surface eye, significantly impacting quality life and visual function. Since detrimental immune response crucially responsible for development aggravation DED, therapeutic agents which modulate phenotype function eye-infiltrated cells could be used treatment severe DED. Due to their potent immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stem (MSCs) represent potentially new remedies diseases. The majority MSC-sourced bioactive factors are contained within MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), nano-sized extracellular vesicles which, due nanosize dimension lipid envelope, easily pass all biological barriers in body deliver cargo directly into target cells. MSC-Exos contain variety proteins (growth factors, immunoregulatory molecules, cytokines, chemokines) lipids, microRNAs (miRNAs) affect viability, proliferation, phenotype, Accordingly, may progression diseases, including Therefore, this review article, we summarized current knowledge regarding molecular cellular mechanisms were trophic, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, regenerative properties For purpose, extensive literature was carried out February 2024 across several databases (Medline, Embase, Google Scholar), from 2000 present. Eligible studies delineated MSC-Exos-based modulation cell-driven inflammation findings analyzed review. Results obtained these demonstrated beneficial effects paving way future clinical use ophthalmology. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04213248, NCT06475027, NCT06543667, NCT05738629.

Language: Английский

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N-acetylcysteine and chitosan conjugate modified dexamethasone nanostructured lipid carriers: Enhanced permeability, precorneal retention and lower inflammation for the treatment of dry eye syndrome

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 299, P. 140123 - 140123

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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New Eye Drop Formulation Based on Desonide and Xanthan Gum in Dry Eye Disease: Nonclinical Studies

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 235 - 235

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Background/Objectives: A novel ophthalmic formulation, XanterDES, containing 0.2% xanthan gum and 0.025% desonide sodium phosphate (DES), was developed to alleviate ocular surface discomfort irritation. This study aimed evaluate its pharmacodynamic properties characterize rheological behavior mucoadhesive characteristics, compared another formulation hyaluronic acid 0.001% hydrocortisone (HYD). Methods: rabbit (New Zealand White) model of LPS-induced uveitis used test different concentrations DES on markers inflammation. The efficacy XanterDES HYD induced dry eye evaluated by assessing tear volume corneal damage in C57BL/6 mice exposed a controlled environmental chamber. were assessed using HAAKE RheoStress RS600 rheometer TA-XT2 texture analyzer, respectively. Results: In the model, unlike 0.25%, low concentration showed significant inhibitory activity localized effectively reduced edema. demonstrated superior HYD, preventing both reduction damage. also pseudoplastic enhanced HYD. Conclusions: ancillary anti-inflammatory effects dose combined with biophysical are supportive favorable therapeutic profile, promoting maintenance or restoration homeostasis while minimizing risk adverse typically associated standard-dose corticosteroids. comparison low-dose corticosteroid highlights superiority performance.

Language: Английский

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Patient Experience with ABBV-444, a Proof-of-Concept Study for a Novel Artificial Tear with Trehalose and Sodium Hyaluronate for Dry Eye Symptoms

Clinical Optometry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 37 - 45

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Purpose: Dry eye disease (DED) causes discomfort and potential damage to the surface of eye, commonly managed with artificial tears. We assessed symptom relief, tolerability, patient experience a novel carboxymethyl-cellulose–based tear formulation trehalose sodium hyaluronate (ABBV-444) in patients DED. Methods: This open-label, single-arm, single center study enrolled adult baseline Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores ≥ 18 ≤ 65. Patients were instructed use ABBV-444 as often needed but at least twice day for 30 days. The primary endpoint was change from OSDI score Day 30. Secondary endpoints onset action (change current survey [CSS] visual analog scale [VAS] over 5 minutes post administration on 1) patients' Patient Eye Drop Experience [PEDE] VAS 30). Outcomes per-protocol (PP) population using descriptive statistics. A paired t -test performed calculate P -values. Results: total 34 included PP population. DED severity, measured by OSDI, significantly decreased mean (standard deviation; SD) 6.8 (15.0) points ( P= 0.006). showed significant improvement early seconds after application, (SD) CSS changes − 3.3 (10.3) =0.03) 10.1 (10.6) post-dose < 0.001). No adverse events reported. PEDE averaged between 76.4 (36.7) 85.7 (21.0) Conclusion: Continuous daily treatment reduced severity days demonstrated rapid within administration. These results suggest that is viable therapy symptoms support further investigation longer-term multicenter trials. Keywords: tears, carboxymethylcellulose, dry disease,

Language: Английский

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Overview of Dry Eye Disease for Primary Care Physicians

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(3), P. 460 - 460

Published: March 6, 2025

Dry eye disease (DED), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a multifactorial ocular characterized by tear film insufficiency due to diverse etiologies including aging, incomplete and infrequent blinking, hormonal changes, medications, systemic diseases. Classified into aqueous-deficient dry (ADDE), evaporative (EDE), mixed subtypes, DED presents with symptoms such irritation, stinging, redness, foreign body sensation, sensitivity light, blurred or fluctuating vision. While rare, severe cases may lead vision loss. With its rising global prevalence across age groups, poses significant public health challenge. Primary care physicians (PCPs), often the first point of contact for patients, require timely screening management strategies. This review explores epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, DED, emphasizing practical approaches PCPs. narrative was conducted searching MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar databases relevant articles. Diagnostic approaches, detailed history taking, patient-reported questionnaires, differential assessments are discussed alongside strategies, symptomatic ophthalmic treatment, risk factor mitigation (e.g., reduced digital device screen time), prevention, nutrition. By providing synopsis early that PCPs encounter, managing in primary setting, guidelines on when refer specialty care, this comprehensive aims equip knowledge improve optimize patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Preferred practice guidelines and narrative review on infectious keratitis in ocular surface diseases

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 73(4), P. 508 - 515

Published: March 27, 2025

Ocular surface disease (OSD) encompasses a variety of additional factors in the natural history infectious keratitis like disruption normal tear film, altered ocular microbiome, adnexal inflammation, de-epithelization cornea due to anatomical trichiasis, lid margin keratinization, presence limbal stem cell deficiency, and other related problems. These cases need special attention with respect lower threshold for inpatient admission care along examination careful corneal scraping avoid any perforation. The preferable practice patterns these include documenting epithelial defects using fluorescein stain cobalt blue filter, use preservative-free monotherapy drops mild moderate ulcers, quantification thinning depth infiltrate anterior segment optical coherence tomography, early tapering epithelia-toxic drugs judicious addition lubricants steroids. changes surgical management involve adopting procedures that can enhance healing, such as amniotic membrane grafting, electrolysis punctal occlusion severe dry eye disease. Conversely, higher therapeutic keratoplasty is postoperative healing major challenge eyes OSD. A closer follow-up vital slower risk reinfection higher. long-term opacity OSD also complex first-stage stabilization essential prior keratoplasty.

Language: Английский

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Development and in vitro and ex vivo characterization of a twin nanoparticulate system to enhance ocular absorption and prolong retention of dexamethasone in the eye: from lab to pilot scale optimization

Nanoscale Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Illustration of the preparation a twin nanoparticulate system.

Language: Английский

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Body mass index, diet, and outdoor activity linked with meibomian gland abnormalities in children

Optometry and Vision Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 101(9), P. 542 - 546

Published: July 1, 2024

SIGNIFICANCE Dry eye disease is frequently underdiagnosed in pediatric patients. Meibomian gland morphology abnormalities (atrophy and tortuosity) may be associated with dry eye. This study examined risk factors for children. PURPOSE aimed to characterize meibomian morphological identify the same METHODS A total of 160 children, primarily African American Hispanic, aged 5 <18 years underwent a comprehensive exam including slit-lamp examination evaluate glands, conjunctival papillae, tear film. Infrared photography was performed assessment noninvasive film breakup time meniscus height. atrophy tortuosity were assessed. modified Ocular Surface Disease Index survey administered along surveys on screen time, diet, outdoor activity. Linear multiple regression determine abnormalities. RESULTS The average age participants (76 male, 84 female) 10.9 ± 3.0 years. Severe (score ≥2) found 31.0% at least one eyelid. 84.0% median symptom score 9.8 (range, 0 71), 16.9, 8.8, 12.5% children having mild, moderate, severe symptoms, respectively. Elevated body mass index (p<0.001), reduced activity (p=0.02), unhealthy diet (p=0.01) Screen score, age, gender, race/ethnicity not (all p values >0.05). CONCLUSIONS determined that commonly Risk these include elevated index, an

Language: Английский

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