Petrological Evidence for Magma Mobilization Years Before the 2020/2021 Eruption of La Soufrière Volcano, St. Vincent DOI Creative Commons
Michal Camejo‐Harry, Jon Blundy, Euan Mutch

et al.

Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Anticipating the onset of 2020/2021 effusive‐explosive eruptive sequence at La Soufrière volcano, St. Vincent was challenging despite established monitoring networks in operation. Here, we integrate petrological data to decipher retrospectively signs imminent eruption from available pre‐eruptive data. Using diffusion chronometry, estimated timescales over which magmas transported surface. We examined olivine crystals hosted basaltic andesite scoria, categorizing them into four groups based on their textures (euhedral anhedral) and core compositions (Fo 73–89 ). Multiply zoned populations are tracked through a multi‐stage journey depth surface corresponding periods magma ascent accumulation years before eventual eruption. This correlates temporally with two phases unrest data: (a) protracted priming phase (lasting more than decade) manifesting low‐level seismicity, small crater transformations (rockfalls new fumaroles) an elevated CO 2 degassing signal; (b) subsequent transition phase, initiating just year geophysical form discrete episodes seismicity volcano inflation. Our findings provide insight dynamics mobilization Soufrière. demonstrate that magmatic roots sub‐volcanic system precedes precursors by years, drawing connections between individually ambiguous signals long timescales. Monitoring strategies optimized detect early stages unrest, such as identifying locating rarer deep routine sampling plume, could improve future responses volcanic crises Vincent.

Language: Английский

Dynamics of the 2021 Fagradalsfjall Eruption (Iceland) Revealed by Volcanic Tremor Patterns DOI Creative Commons
Jean Soubestre, Corentin Caudron, Oleg Melnik

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 130(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Co‐eruptive volcanic tremor during the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption in Iceland (19 March–18 September 2021) is characterized using seismic and visual data recorded close to site across Reykjanes Peninsula. An automatic network‐based approach reveals several patterns associated with seven phases of eruption, including (a) continuous located beneath attributed pressure changes shallow vent system(s) I, III, VII, (b) two minute‐ hour‐long intermittent May (phase II) July–August (phases IV–VI), respectively. The first pattern minute‐long bursts pulsating lava fountains magma degassing a reservoir (top 100 m) connected top‐conduit. progressive enlargement both top‐conduit time estimated quantitatively collapsing foam model. Sudden their geometries, as detected from characteristics, are systematically observed crater collapse events. second cyclic episodes episodic effusive activity flowing cooling feeder dike sill at 5 km depth. fed by constant influx deeper plumbing system stores low discharge periods. cyclicity eruptive interpreted sill‐dike model accounting for induced viscosity dike.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Petrological Evidence for Magma Mobilization Years Before the 2020/2021 Eruption of La Soufrière Volcano, St. Vincent DOI Creative Commons
Michal Camejo‐Harry, Jon Blundy, Euan Mutch

et al.

Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Anticipating the onset of 2020/2021 effusive‐explosive eruptive sequence at La Soufrière volcano, St. Vincent was challenging despite established monitoring networks in operation. Here, we integrate petrological data to decipher retrospectively signs imminent eruption from available pre‐eruptive data. Using diffusion chronometry, estimated timescales over which magmas transported surface. We examined olivine crystals hosted basaltic andesite scoria, categorizing them into four groups based on their textures (euhedral anhedral) and core compositions (Fo 73–89 ). Multiply zoned populations are tracked through a multi‐stage journey depth surface corresponding periods magma ascent accumulation years before eventual eruption. This correlates temporally with two phases unrest data: (a) protracted priming phase (lasting more than decade) manifesting low‐level seismicity, small crater transformations (rockfalls new fumaroles) an elevated CO 2 degassing signal; (b) subsequent transition phase, initiating just year geophysical form discrete episodes seismicity volcano inflation. Our findings provide insight dynamics mobilization Soufrière. demonstrate that magmatic roots sub‐volcanic system precedes precursors by years, drawing connections between individually ambiguous signals long timescales. Monitoring strategies optimized detect early stages unrest, such as identifying locating rarer deep routine sampling plume, could improve future responses volcanic crises Vincent.

Language: Английский

Citations

0