Severe Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases during Six Months of Delta Variant (B.1.617.2) Domination in Poland DOI Creative Commons
Piotr Rzymski, Monika Pazgan‐Simon, Juliusz Kamerys

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 557 - 557

Published: April 4, 2022

The emergence of a highly transmissible and more pathogenic B.1.617.2 (delta) variant SARS-CoV-2 has brought concern over COVID-19 vaccine efficacy the increased risk severe breakthrough infections. objective this study was to assess frequency clinical characteristics cases recorded in 10 Polish healthcare units between 1 June 31 December 2021, period during which rapid surge share infections seen, while significant number populations were already fully vaccinated. Overall, 723 individuals who completed initial vaccination regime (fully vaccinated group) an additional 18 received booster dose identified—together, they represented 20.8% all patients hospitalized same institutions (0.5% case group that dose). Although laboratory parameters did not differ both groups, tended have lower CRP, IL-6, PCT, d-dimer levels required oxygen therapy less frequently. most common early symptoms studied fatigue, cough, fever (>38 °C), dyspnea. Individuals with no detectable anti-spike IgG antibodies constituted 13%; odds being humoral non-responder aged >70 years. Fully after than 180 days from last significantly older predominantly by 70 years comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease. Contrary mRNA vaccines, adenoviral vector vaccines infected within six months. A total 102 fatal (14% deaths among individuals; 0.7% dose) recorded, representing 17.6% fatalities June−December 2021 considered units. death men, years, those identified as non-responders vaccination; also when second given >180 before first symptoms. mortality rate immunocompromised subjects 19%. results indicate compared individuals, unvaccinated prevalent B.1.617.2-dominated wave Poland; and, it highlight protective role dose, for vulnerable individuals.

Language: Английский

Effect of mRNA Vaccine Boosters against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection in Qatar DOI Open Access
Laith J. Abu‐Raddad, Hiam Chemaitelly, Houssein H. Ayoub

et al.

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 386(19), P. 1804 - 1816

Published: March 9, 2022

Waning of vaccine protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and the emergence omicron (or B.1.1.529) variant severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have led to expedited efforts scale up booster vaccination. Protection conferred by doses BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines in Qatar, as compared with two-dose primary series, is unclear.

Language: Английский

Citations

367
Long-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against infections, hospitalisations, and mortality in adults: findings from a rapid living systematic evidence synthesis and meta-analysis up to December, 2022 DOI Open Access
Nana Wu, Keven Joyal‐Desmarais, Paula Aver Bretanha Ribeiro

et al.

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 439 - 452

Published: Feb. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

201
COVID-19 vaccine update: vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 variants, boosters, adverse effects, and immune correlates of protection DOI Creative Commons
Wei-Yu Chi, Yen-Der Li, Hsin‐Che Huang

et al.

Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Oct. 15, 2022

Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the most severe public health challenge in this century. Two years after its emergence, rapid development and deployment of effective COVID-19 vaccines have successfully controlled pandemic greatly reduced risk illness death associated with COVID-19. However, due to ability rapidly evolve, SARS-CoV-2 virus may never be eradicated, there are many important new topics work on if we need live for a long time. To end, hope provide essential knowledge researchers who improvement future vaccines. In review, provided an up-to-date summary current vaccines, discussed biological basis clinical impact variants subvariants, analyzed effectiveness various vaccine booster regimens against different strains. Additionally, reviewed potential mechanisms vaccine-induced adverse events, summarized studies regarding immune correlates protection, finally, next-generation

Language: Английский

Citations

178
Waning of vaccine effectiveness against moderate and severe covid-19 among adults in the US from the VISION network: test negative, case-control study DOI Creative Commons
Jill M. Ferdinands, Suchitra Rao, Brian E. Dixon

et al.

BMJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e072141 - e072141

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

To estimate the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against moderate and severe covid-19 in adults by time since second, third, or fourth doses, age immunocompromised status.Test negative case-control study.Hospitals, emergency departments, urgent care clinics 10 US states, 17 January 2021 to 12 July 2022.893 461 (≥18 years) admitted one 261 hospitals 272 department 119 centers for covid-like illness tested SARS-CoV-2.The main outcome was waning vaccine with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA-1273 (Moderna) during omicron delta periods, period before dominant using logistic regression conditioned on calendar week geographic area while adjusting age, race, ethnicity, local virus circulation, status, likelihood being vaccinated.45 903 people hospital (cases) were compared 213 103 who SARS-CoV-2 (controls), 287 531 168 SARS-CoV-2. In period, requiring admission 89% (95% confidence interval 88% 90%) within two months after dose 3 but waned 66% (63% 68%) four five months. Vaccine three doses visits 83% (82% 84%) initially 46% (44% 49%) Waning evident all subgroups, including young individuals not immunocompromised; although morein immunocompromised. increased among most groups a whom this booster recommended.Effectiveness vaccination. The findings support recommendations primary series consideration additional doses.

Language: Английский

Citations

163
Effectiveness of heterologous and homologous covid-19 vaccine regimens: living systematic review with network meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Wing Ying Au, Peter Pak‐Hang Cheung

BMJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e069989 - e069989

Published: May 31, 2022

To evaluate the effectiveness of heterologous and homologous covid-19 vaccine regimens with without boosting in preventing related infection, hospital admission, death.

Language: Английский

Citations

129
Impact of COVID-19 on immunocompromised populations during the Omicron era: insights from the observational population-based INFORM study DOI Creative Commons
Rachael A. Evans, Sabada Dube, Yi Lu

et al.

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35, P. 100747 - 100747

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

Immunocompromised individuals are not optimally protected by COVID-19 vaccines and potentially require additional preventive interventions to mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19. We aimed characterise describe across immunocompromised groups as pandemic began transition an endemic phase.

Language: Английский

Citations

119
Seasonal trends in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and mortality in the United States and Europe DOI Creative Commons
Timothy L. Wiemken, Farid Khan, Laura Puzniak

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 8, 2023

Abstract Determining whether SARS-CoV-2 exhibits seasonality like other respiratory viruses is critical for public health planning. We evaluated COVID-19 rates follow a seasonal pattern using time series models. used decomposition to extract the annual component of case, hospitalization, and mortality from March 2020 through December 2022 United States Europe. Models were adjusted country-specific stringency index account confounding by various interventions. Despite year-round disease activity, we identified spikes in approximately November April all outcomes countries. Our results support employing preventative measures against SARS-CoV-2, such as administering booster vaccines similar timeframe those place influenza. Whether certain high-risk individuals may need more than one vaccine dose each year will depend on factors durability severe illness levels activity.

Language: Английский

Citations

102
Mutations in SARS-CoV-2: Insights on structure, variants, vaccines, and biomedical interventions DOI Open Access
Ahmed I. Abulsoud,

Hussein M. El‐Husseiny,

Ahmed A. El-Husseiny

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 113977 - 113977

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic caused by SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Less than year after the emergence of Covid-19 pandemic, many vaccines have arrived on market with innovative technologies in field vaccinology. Based use messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding Spike SARS-Cov-2 protein or recombinant adenovirus vectors enabling gene to be introduced into our cells, these strategies make it possible envisage vaccination new light tools that are more scalable vaccine used so far. Faced appearance variants, which will gradually take precedence over strain at origin allow much faster update fight against some may escape neutralization antibodies. However, only policy based rapid and massive population but requiring supply sufficient doses could combat variants. Indeed, greater number infected individuals, virus multiplies, an increased risk variants viruses. This review discuss SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology evolution approaches altered transmission platforms emphasize different mutations how they influence characteristics. Also, this article summarizes common implication genetic variety biomedical arbitrations.

Language: Английский

Citations

92
A Systematic Review of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Efficacy and Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Melissa M. Higdon, Brian Wahl, Carli B. Jones

et al.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(6)

Published: April 18, 2022

Billions of doses coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been administered globally, dramatically reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) incidence and severity in some settings. Many studies suggest provide a high degree protection against infection disease, but precise estimates vary differ design, outcomes measured, dosing regime, location, circulating virus strains. In this study, we conduct systematic review COVID-19 through February 2022. We included efficacy data from Phase 3 clinical trials for 15 undergoing World Health Organization Emergency Use Listing evaluation real-world effectiveness 8 with observational meeting inclusion criteria. Vaccine metrics collected include asymptomatic infection, any symptomatic COVID-19, including hospitalization death, partial or complete vaccination, variants concern Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Omicron. additionally the epidemiological principles behind design interpretation vaccine studies, important sources heterogeneity.

Language: Английский

Citations

86
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants: burden of disease, impact on vaccine effectiveness and need for variant-adapted vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Shanti Pather, Shabir A. Madhi, Benjamin J. Cowling

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 23, 2023

The highly transmissible Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in late 2021. Initial waves were primarily made up sub-lineages BA.1 and/or BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 subsequently became dominant mid-2022, several descendants these have since emerged. infections generally caused less disease on average than those by earlier variants concern healthy adult populations, at least, part, due to increased population immunity. Nevertheless, healthcare systems many countries, particularly with low immunity, been overwhelmed unprecedented surges prevalence during waves. Pediatric admissions also higher compared previous concern. All exhibit partial escape from wild-type (Wuhan-Hu 1) spike-based vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies, more enhanced immuno-evasive properties emerging over time. Evaluating vaccine effectiveness (VE) against has become challenging a complex background varying coverage, platforms, prior infection rates, hybrid Original messenger RNA booster doses substantially improved VE or BA.2 symptomatic disease. However, protection waned, reductions months after administration. While original CD8 + CD4 T-cell responses cross-recognize sub-lineages, thereby retaining outcomes, variant-adapted vaccines are required expand the breadth B-cell improve durability protection. Variant-adapted rolled out 2022 increase overall antigenically aligned immune mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

51