Urbanisation drivers and underlying mechanisms of terrestrial insect diversity loss in cities

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46(4), P. 757 - 771

Published: April 30, 2021

1. Urbanisation is one of the main land‐use changes behind global insect collapse. Despite that previous studies have described negative effects urbanisation on communities, so far there no synthesis considers multiple urban drivers, their combined effects, and role species traits altogether. 2. Here we developed an integrative framework underlying mechanisms terrestrial loss in cities by exploring five leading drivers: impervious surfaces, habitat fragmentation, heat island, pollution, exotic plants. For each driver, identified direct indirect (mediated through interactions or resources) populations emphasising as moderators such effects. 3. Body size, mobility, oviposition/nesting requirements were frequently defined vulnerability to drivers. Urban island pollution deserve further research from a community‐level approach. Direct drivers dominated literature, while most paths mediated resources rather than interactions. 4. In conclusion, our review showed challenges recognising particular for driver By doing so, intended encourage researchers address some gaps noticed order fully understand how affecting communities. Finally, outlined recent planning strategies future successfully conserve biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Which Traits Influence Bird Survival in the City? A Review

Land, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 92 - 92

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Urbanization poses a major threat to biodiversity worldwide. We focused on birds as well-studied taxon of interest, in order review literature traits that influence responses urbanization. 226 papers were published between 1979 and 2020, aggregate information five groups have been widely studied: ecological traits, life history, physiology, behavior genetic traits. Some robust findings trait changes individual species well bird communities emerge. A lack specific food shelter resources has led the urban community being dominated by generalist species, while specialist show decline. Urbanized differ behavioral showing an increase song frequency amplitude, bolder behavior, compared rural populations same species. Differential predatory pressure results history including prolonged breeding duration, increases clutch brood size compensate for lower survival. Other species-specific include hormonal state, body differences from populations. identify gaps research, with paucity studies tropical cities need greater examination persistence success native vs. introduced

Language: Английский

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Promoting urban ecological resilience through the lens of avian biodiversity

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 14, 2024

The significance of urban landscapes in safeguarding biodiversity is often disregarded, even though a considerable amount conservation focus directed toward hotspots where land conversion happening at the fastest pace. Maintaining areas not only benefits environment, but along with social, economic, and technological factors can increase stability systems to disturbance, concept known as “urban resilience”. In this synthesis paper, we explore ecological dimension resilience specifically on avian because birds are easy observe, relatively abundant, serve an indicator overall health environments. We first examine discuss role environmental stressors associated urbanization ongoing crisis. then provide overview characteristics environment that may promote birds, associations between social economic resilience. Finally, recommendations future research regarding strategies improve thus, whole, intersections ecology, ecosystem justice, planning. Since 68% world’s population projected live by 2050, it imperative scientists, planners, civil engineers, architects, others consider both cities natural anthropogenic stressors.

Language: Английский

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What a camera trap survey can reveal about the behaviour of an invasive species: insights from coypus Myocastor coypus in an urban park of central Italy

Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106534 - 106534

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Area is the primary correlate of annual and seasonal patterns of avian species richness in urban green spaces

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 203, P. 103892 - 103892

Published: July 20, 2020

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary dynamics in the Anthropocene: Life history and intensity of human contact shape antipredator responses

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. e3000818 - e3000818

Published: Sept. 22, 2020

Humans profoundly impact landscapes, ecosystems, and animal behavior. In many cases, animals living near humans become tolerant of them reduce antipredator responses. Yet, we still lack an understanding the underlying evolutionary dynamics behind these shifts in traits that affect survival. Here, used a phylogenetic meta-analysis to determine how mean variability responses change as function number generations spent contact with under 3 different contexts: urbanization, captivity, domestication. We found any leads rapid reduction expected. Notably, variance among individuals over time observed short-term increase followed by gradual decrease, significant for domesticated animals. This implies intense human immediately releases from predation pressure then imposes strong anthropogenic selection on traits. addition, our results reveal loss due urbanization is similar domestication but occurs times more slowly. Furthermore, disappearance was associated 2 main life-history traits: foraging guild whether species solitary or gregarious (i.e., group-living). For animals, this decrease behavior stronger herbivores than omnivores carnivores species. By contrast, gregarious, urbanized species, although result based mostly birds. Our study offers major insights evolution Anthropocene: (1) changes occur rapidly even unintentional "interventions" urbanization) (2) there are similarities between pressures exerted urbanization. all, such could survival predator-rich world, through dynamics, can better predict when exposure modify fitness-related

Language: Английский

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Big City Living: A Global Meta-Analysis Reveals Positive Impact of Urbanization on Body Size in Lizards

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 27, 2020

Urban environments pose different selective pressures than natural ones, leading to changes in animal behavior, physiology, and morphology. Understanding how animals respond urbanization could inform the management of urban habitats. Non-avian reptiles have important roles ecosystems worldwide, yet their responses not been as comprehensively studied those mammals birds. However, unlike birds, most cannot easily move away from disturbances, making pressure adapt especially strong. In recent years, there has a surge research on lizards urbanization, no formal synthesis determined what makes an lizard, other words, which phenotypic traits are likely change with direction? Here, we present qualitative literature quantitative phylogenetic meta-analysis comparing between non-urban lizard populations. The robust finding our analysis is that larger counterparts. This result remained consistent sexes taxonomic groups. Hence, pass through filter access better resources, more time for foraging, and/or selection attaining body size. Other results included increase diameters perches used longer limb digit lengths, although this may be increased were bolder, active or exploratory, did differ immune Overall, studies biased few geographic regions taxa. More 70% all data came three species anoles family Dactyloidae , it difficult generalize patterns clades. Thus, needed across multiple taxa habitats produce meaningful predictions help conservation ecological communities.

Language: Английский

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The power of community science to quantify ecological interactions in cities

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

Abstract Studying animals in urban environments is especially challenging because much of the area private property not easily accessible to professional scientists. In addition, collecting data on that are cryptic, secretive, or rare also due time and resources needed amass an adequate dataset. Here, we show community science can be a powerful tool overcome these challenges. We used observations submitted platform iNaturalist assess predation parasitism across urbanization gradients ‘hard-to-study’ species, Southern Alligator Lizard ( Elgaria multicarinata ). From photographs, quantified risk by assessing tail injuries counting tick loads lizards. found increased with age urbanization, suggesting areas risky habitats. Conversely, decreased likely loss hosts anti-tick medications human companion animals. This approach generated large dataset secretive species rapidly at immense spatial scale facilitated quantitative measures (e.g. percent impervious surface cover) as opposed qualitative vs. rural). therefore demonstrate help resolve ecological questions otherwise would difficult address.

Language: Английский

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What do we know (and need to know) about the role of urban habitats as ecological traps? Systematic review and meta-analysis

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 780, P. 146559 - 146559

Published: March 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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Landscape configuration and habitat complexity shape arthropod assemblage in urban parks

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Sept. 29, 2020

Abstract The urbanization process systematically leads to the loss of biodiversity. Only certain arthropods are resilient and can thrive in novel conditions urbanized landscapes. However, degree which arthropod communities survive urban habitats depends on landscape local effects biological interactions (e.g., trophic interactions). In present study, we examined relative importance various factors at (isolation, edge density area surrounding greenery) (size park, canopy cover, understory vegetation defoliation depth, weight dried leaves, soil temperature, moisture, pH) spatial scales diversity ants, beetles spiders parks. Our results indicated that park was negatively correlated with metrics beetles, parks proximity peri-urban forest. other words, located adjacent forest may not necessarily have high suggested man-made structures been effective dispersal barriers limit spillover ants but comparatively strong fliers, such as beetles. greenery facilitated colonization forest-dependent taxa distant Large reduced supported a higher because minimal effect increased habitat heterogeneity. Vegetation structure consistently explained variability spiders, indicating plant litter is crucial for providing shelters hibernation, oviposition, foraging sites major Therefore, efforts should focus management ground features maximize conservation control

Language: Английский

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