Landscape sustainability science (II): core questions and key approaches

Landscape Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(8), P. 2453 - 2485

Published: May 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Forests and Sustainable Development in the Brazilian Amazon: History, Trends, and Future Prospects

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 625 - 652

Published: April 29, 2021

Ongoing deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon is outcome of an explicit federal project to occupy, integrate, and “modernize” region. Although there have been isolated periods control, most recently between 2004 2012, overall trajectory region since colonial period has one forest loss degradation. Addressing this challenge especially urgent context adverse climate-ecology feedbacks tipping points. Here we describe trends outcomes degradation Amazon. We then highlight how historical development paradigms policies helped cement land use activities structural lock-ins that underpin emphasize grounds for establishing a more sustainable economy were never consolidated, leading situation where conservation remain dependent on external programs—punitive measures against fire public social programs. This makes progress toward transition(arresting restoring landscapes) highly vulnerable changes political leadership, private sector engagement, global market signals. After summarizing these challenges, present suite collectively could be transformational helping overcome destructive path dependencies These include innovations agricultural management, improved governance through landscape approaches, developing local economy, peri-urbanization, empowerment women youth. initiatives must inclusive equitable, enabling participation communities, particularly indigenous groups who faced numerous injustices are increasingly under threat by current politics.

Language: Английский

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Forest landscape restoration: state of play

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(12), P. 201218 - 201218

Published: Dec. 1, 2020

Tree planting has been widely touted as an inexpensive way to meet multiple international environmental goals for mitigating climate change, reversing landscape degradation and restoring biodiversity restoration. The Bonn Challenge New York Declaration on Forests, motivated by widespread deforestation forest degradation, call 350 million ha 2030 relying restoration (FLR) processes. Because the 173 commitments made 63 nations, regions companies are not legally binding, expectations of what FLR means lacks consensus. frequent disconnect between top-level aspirations on-the-ground implementation results in limited data activities. Additionally, some countries have landscape-scale outside Challenge. We compared contrasted theory practice compiled information from databases projects initiatives case studies. present main happening across regional groups; many regions, potential need/opportunity exceeds activities underway. Multiple objectives can be met manipulating vegetation (increasing structural complexity, changing species composition natural disturbances). Livelihood interventions context-specific but include collecting or raising non-timber products, employment community forests; other address tenure governance.

Language: Английский

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Have food supply chain policies improved forest conservation and rural livelihoods? A systematic review

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 033002 - 033002

Published: Jan. 28, 2021

Abstract To address concerns about the negative impacts of food supply chains in forest regions, a growing number companies have adopted policies to influence their suppliers’ behaviors. With focus on forest-risk chains, we provide systematic review conservation and livelihood outcomes mechanisms that use implement forest-focused chain (FSPs)—certifications, codes conduct, market exclusion mechanisms. More than half 37 cases rigorously measure FSP implementation find additional benefits resulting from policies. Positive are more common additionality most often pertain improvements farm income through increases crop yields coffee cocoa farms certifications or conduct. However, some lead reduction net household as farmers increasingly specialize certified commodity spend purchases. Among five examine livelihoods simultaneously, there is no evidence tradeoffs synergies—most an improvement one type outcome associated with change other. Interactions public agricultural gains achieved by all mechanisms, while marketing attributes cooperatives buying play large role determining certification. Compliance requirements high, but challenges geospatial monitoring land related selection biases limit overall these Given highly variable methods limited base, rigorous research across greater variety contexts urgently needed better understand if when FSPs can be successful achieving synergies between livelihoods.

Language: Английский

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Reviewing the evidence on the roles of forests and tree-based systems in poverty dynamics

Forest Policy and Economics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 131, P. 102576 - 102576

Published: Aug. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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Participatory and Spatially Explicit Assessment to Envision the Future of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change Scenarios on Selected Ecosystem Services in Southwestern Ghana

Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74(1), P. 94 - 113

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Abstract Settlement expansion and commercial agriculture affect landscape sustainability ecosystem service provision. Integrated approaches are promoted to negotiate trade-offs between competing land uses their reconciliation. Incorporating local perceptions of dynamics as basis for such negotiations is particularly relevant sub-Saharan Africa, where most people depend on natural ecosystems livelihoods well-being. This study applied participatory scenario building spatially explicit simulation unravel the potential impact rubber settlement provision selected services in southwestern Ghana under a business-as-usual scenario. We collected data workshops expert surveys locally services, indicator values, probable land-use transitions. The was translated into an assessment matrix integrated modeling platform, allowing visualization comparison scenarios plantation expansion. results show capacity current (2020) future patterns provide indicating decline provisioning compared 2020 patterns, threat benefits humans derive from ecosystems. highlights urgent need policies measures control drivers land-use/land-cover change. Furthermore, emphasize importance diversifying types sustainable development. paper contributes new insights how semi-quantitative methods can make stakeholder implementing approaches.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling global narratives of restoration policy: Big data insights into competing framings and implications

Geoforum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 104241 - 104241

Published: March 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Forest and Landscape Restoration: A Review Emphasizing Principles, Concepts, and Practices

Land, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 28 - 28

Published: Dec. 31, 2020

Forest and Landscape Restoration (FLR) is considered worldwide as a powerful approach to recover ecological functionality improve human well-being in degraded deforested landscapes. The literature produced by FLR programs could be valuable tool understand how they align with the existing principles of FLR. We conducted systematic qualitative review identify main concepts definitions adopted from 1980 2017 underlying actions commonly suggested enable implementation. identified three domains 12 associated principles—(i) Project management governance domain contains five principles: (a) scale, (b) Prioritization, (c) Legal normative compliance, (d) Participation, (e) Adaptive management; (ii) Human aspect four Enhance livelihoods, Inclusiveness equity, Economic diversification, Capacity building; (iii) Ecological Aspects Biodiversity conservation, heterogeneity connectivity, Provision ecosystem goods services. Our results showcase variations are linked practice, especially regarding lack social aspects projects. Finally, we provide starting point for future tools aiming guidance frameworks

Language: Английский

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Human insecurities in gold mining: A systematic review of evidence from Ghana

The Extractive Industries and Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 100951 - 100951

Published: June 27, 2021

Adverse mining effects, notably the uncontrolled spread and consequences of artisanal small-scale (ASM), are growing concerns in sub-Saharan Africa. A securitization discourse is often used to justify a military-style approach toward illegal but fails acknowledge multiple dimensions insecurities arising from mining. human security allows taking more holistic perspective has hardly been applied sector. We address this gap by unraveling gold Ghana based on systematic literature review empirical studies impacts across disciplines. Results reveal that reviewed predominantly focuses environmental health insecurities, less economic, food, community personal political insecurities. Recommended governance responses increasingly call for multidimensional integrated approaches, considering – particularly ASM situated multifunctional landscapes part livelihoods. conclude enables comprehensive analysis country's sector still bears risk 'securitization trap'. therefore advocate multistakeholder dialogue landscape approaches as way forward deal with largely characterized informality.

Language: Английский

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Urban forests’ recreation and habitat potentials in China: A nationwide synthesis

Urban forestry & urban greening, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 127376 - 127376

Published: Oct. 13, 2021

Language: Английский

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