Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, Metainflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Unraveling Pathways

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 519 - 519

Published: July 12, 2024

Glycolipid metabolic disorders (GLMDs) are various resulting from dysregulation in glycolipid levels, consequently leading to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, liver dysfunction, neuromuscular complications, and cardiorenal vascular diseases (CRVDs). In patients with GLMDs, excess caloric intake a lack physical activity may contribute oxidative stress (OxS) systemic inflammation. This study aimed review the connection between GLMD, OxS, metainflammation, onset CRVD. GLMD is due causing dysfunction synthesis, breakdown, absorption glucose lipids body, excessive ectopic accumulation these molecules. mainly neuroendocrine dysregulation, insulin resistance, metainflammation. many inflammatory markers defense cells play vital role related tissues organs, such as blood vessels, pancreatic islets, liver, muscle, kidneys, adipocytes, promoting lesions that affect interconnected organs through their signaling pathways. Advanced glycation end products, ATP-binding cassette transporter 1, Glucagon-like peptide-1, Toll-like receptor-4, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) crucial since they glucolipid metabolism. The consequences this system organ damage morbidity mortality.

Language: Английский

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Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation: Electroporation Against High-Power Short Duration Radiofrequency

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Background Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is crucial in treating symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). New ablation technologies, such as pulse-field (PFA) and high-power short-duration (HPSD) have emerged the electrophysiology lab. However, no study has compared outcomes of these approaches. Objective To compare efficacy safety PFA HPSD AF patients. Methods Single-centre, retrospective consecutive patients undergoing PVI with or between May December 2022. Demographic data, procedural recurrence beyond blanking period, were analysed. Comparative analysis both techniques was performed. A P-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results total 101 included (61±11 years, 75% men); 56% had paroxysmal 19% underwent a redo ablation. Forty-five percent 55% PFA. Comparing PFA, lower fluoroscopy time (5min [IQR 3-7min]vs 13min 10-16min], p<0.001), but higher procedure (97min 75-142]vs 88min 66-111], p=0.13). Posterior wall (PWI) performed 5 (11%) vs 20 (36%) (p=0.004). There only one case major complication, patient cardiac tamponade following who treated pericardiocentesis. Over 384 (IQR 341 -545) days follow-up, 76 (75%) sinus rhythm, while 25% recurrence: 10 15 (p=0.06). Conclusions Both found to be feasible safe procedures. resulted shorter times, rates, mainly when PWI Although real-world scenario still scarce, seem efficient, low rate.

Language: Английский

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Proteomics and recurrence of atrial fibrillation: a pilot study nested in the PREDIMAR trial

Lifestyle Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. Although catheter ablation efficacious therapy, relapses occur frequently (30%) in first year after ablation. Novel biomarkers of recurrence are needed for a better prediction and management AF. In this pilot study, we aimed to analyze baseline proteome subjects included case-control study find differential proteins associated with AF recurrence. Methods: Baseline serum proteomics (354 proteins) data from 16 cases (recurrent AF) 17 controls (non-recurrent) were obtained using MS/MS analysis. False discovery rate was performed nonlinear fitting method selection proteins. Logistic regression models used further association between differentially expressed Results: Ten represented vs controls. Two upregulated compared controls: keratin type I cytoskeletal (FC=2.14; p=0.017) endoplasmic bifunctional protein (Fold-change [FC]=1.65; p=0.032). And eight downregulated C4bpA (FC=0.64; p=0.006), coagulation factor XI (FC=0.83; p=0.011), CLIC1 (FC=0.62; p=0.017), haptoglobin (FC=0.37; p=0.021), Ig alpha-2 chain C region (FC=0.49; p=0.022), C4bpB (FC=0.73; p=0.028), N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunit gamma (FC=0.61; p=0.033) platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha (FC=0.84; p=0.038). Conclusion: This identifies ten recurrence, offering potential improved management.

Language: Английский

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Decreased METTL3 in atrial myocytes promotes atrial fibrillation

EP Europace, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Aims Methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases, but its involvement atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. The study aims to explore the relationship between METTL3 and AF myocytes. Methods results protein level of was evaluated left appendages (LAAs) from patients with persistent experimental models. cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) transgenic mice CaCl2-acetylcholine (ACh)-injected were used as globally conditionally deleted vivo assess AF. Confocal fluorescence microscopy employed examine calcium handling Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing performed identify downstream target genes METTL3. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification levels significantly reduced LAAs Genetic inhibition promoted development CREM CaCl2-ACh-injected mice. Knockdown myocytes resulted enhanced handling. Reduced increased SR Ca2+-ATPase Type 2a activity by up-regulating protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 10. Decreased attributed down-regulation element-binding 1/ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9 X-linked axis. Conclusion Our established pathophysiological involved provided potential mechanism-based for treatment.

Language: Английский

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The Role of HIF-1α in Atrial Fibrillation: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Potentials

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The steady increase in life expectancy throughout the world is contributing to an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF), which imposes a significant socioeconomic toll on affected patients and societies. mechanisms underlying are multifaceted vary among individuals. Hypoxia process that closely linked AF onset progression. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) transcription serves as key regulator oxygen homeostasis within cells through its activation under hypoxic conditions subsequently coordinates various pathophysiological responses. High levels HIF-1α expression evident patients, facilitate progression from persistent permanent AF. Thus, may serve promising target for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at prevention treatment This review provides overview synthesis recent studies probing relationship between AF, providing foundation future development targeted drug therapies.

Language: Английский

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Ablação de Fibrilação Atrial: Eletroporação versus Ablação por Radiofrequência de Alta Potência e Curta Duração

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(2)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Resumo Fundamento O Isolamento da Veia Pulmonar (IVP) é crucial no tratamento de Fibrilação Atrial (FA). Novas tecnologias ablação, tais como Ablação por Campo Pulsado (ACP) e ablação radiofrequência Alta Potência Curta duração (HPSD, do inglês high-power short-duration) surgiram laboratório eletrofisiologia. No entanto, não há estudos comparando os desfechos dessas abordagens. Objetivo Comparar a eficácia, segurança ACP HPSD em pacientes com FA sintomática. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo, unicêntrico, consecutivos submetidos ao IPP ou entre maio dezembro 2022. Foram analisados dados demográficos, relacionados procedimento, recorrência durante o seguimento. Foi realizada análise comparativa as duas técnicas. Um valor p <0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados incluídos 101 (61±11 anos, 75% homens); 56% dos apresentaram paroxística 19% foram uma segunda ablação. Quarenta cinco porcento à 55% ACP. Na comparação ACP, primeira técnica apresentou um menor tempo fluoroscopia [5min (IIQ 3-7min] vs. 13min (IQR 10-16min), p<0,001], porém procedimento mais longo [97min 75-142) 88min 66-111), p=0,13]. Parede Posterior (IPP) realizado (11%) 20 (36%) (p=0,004). Houve somente caso complicação maior, paciente tamponamento cardíaco após tratado pericardiocentese. Ao período acompanhamento [384 341 -545) dias], 76 (75%) encontravam-se ritmo sinusal, 25% sofreram (10 grupo 15 HPSD, p=0,06). Conclusões Observou-se que tanto viável seguro. A resultou tempos curtos menores taxas FA, principalmente quando realizado. Embora avaliações mundo real sejam ainda escassas, ambas técnicas parecem eficientes, baixa taxa FA.

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Low blood flow velocity in the left atrial appendage in sinus rhythm as a predictor of atrial fibrillation: results of a prospective cohort study with 3 years of follow-up

Neurological Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: April 13, 2025

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of cardioembolic stroke and can lead to severe recurrent cerebrovascular events. Thus, identifying patients suffering from events caused by undetected AF crucial. Previously, we found an association between increasing severity decreasing left atrial appendage (LAA) blood flow velocity below 60 cm/s. This was prospective single-center cohort study including hospitalized who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in sinus rhythm. The participants were divided into two groups (≥ cm/s;<60 cm/s) based on their maximum LAA velocity. results the cardiovascular risk assessment 24- 72-hour ECG Holter recorded. Follow-up appointments scheduled at 3, 6, 12, 24 36 months. primary endpoint new-onset AF. statistics included Cox-proportional-hazard-model binary logistic regression. Numerical data or categorical analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test chi-square test. A total 166 recruited. median 64 New-onset diagnosed 22.9% patients. An ≤ cm/s associated threefold increased (35.8% vs. 11.5%; HR3.56; CI95%1.70-7.46; p < 0.001), independently according multivariate analysis (p = 0.035). Furthermore, (OR1.043; CI95%1.021-1.069; 0.001). low (≤ rhythm prospectively Additional simple LAA-TEE examinations could help identify benefit more accurate cardiac monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Clinically Relevant Imaging and Mapping Tools Applied to Study Atrial Remodeling in Canine Models

JACC. Clinical electrophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 749 - 751

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Circulating microRNAs and DNA Methylation as Regulators of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Response in Atrial Fibrillation and Key Elements for the Identification of the Mechanism of Action (miR-CRAFT): Study Design and Patient Enrolment

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 562 - 562

Published: May 24, 2024

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are the standard treatment for thromboembolic protection in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and microRNAs, have emerged potential biomarkers of AF. The epigenetics DOACs is still an understudied field. It largely unknown whether epigenetic modifications interfere with DOAC response or induces modifications. To fill this gap, we started miR-CRAFT (Circulating microRNAs regulators Oral Anticoagulant Response Atrial Fibrillation) research study. In miR-CRAFT, follow, over time, changes expression naïve AF patients starting treatment. ultimate goal to identify molecular pathways epigenetically affected by DOACs, beyond coagulation cascade, that potentially mediating pleiotropic actions propose specific novel circulating therapy monitoring. We herein describe study design briefly present progress participant enrolment.

Language: Английский

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A Narrowband IoT Personal Sensor for Long-Term Heart Rate Monitoring and Atrial Fibrillation Detection

Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(14), P. 4432 - 4432

Published: July 9, 2024

Long-term patient monitoring is required for detection of episodes atrial fibrillation, one the most widespread cardiac pathologies. Today, used non-invasive technique Holter electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring, which can often prove ineffective because short duration recordings (e.g., day). Other techniques such as photo-plethysmography are adopted by smartwatches much longer but this has disadvantage offering only intermittent measurements. This study proposes an Internet Things (IoT) sensor that provide a very long period continuous monitoring. The consists ECG-integrated Analog Front End (MAX30003), microcontroller (STM32F401RE), and IoT narrowband module (STEVAL-STMODLTE). instantaneous heart rate extracted from ECG recording in real time. At intervals two minutes, sequence inter-beat transmitted to cloud platform (ThingSpeak). Settled fibrillation event recognition software runs on generates alerts when it recognizes arrhythmia. Performances proposed were evaluated generating analog signals public dataset with episodes, MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation Database, each lasting approximately 10 h. Software implementing Lorentz algorithm, best detectors was implemented platform. accuracy, sensitivity, specificity recognizing system calculated comparison cardiologist's reference data. Across all patients, method achieved accuracy 0.88, sensitivity 0.71, 0.99. results obtained suggest developed continuously record transmit rhythms effectively efficiently and, addition, offers considerable performance

Language: Английский

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