Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination DOI Open Access
Sheng-Kang Chiu, Kuo‐Wang Tsai, Chia‐Chao Wu

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(16), P. 8988 - 8988

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a new, highly pathogenic virus that has recently elicited global pandemic called the 2019 disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 characterized by significant immune dysfunction, which caused strong but unregulated innate immunity with depressed adaptive immunity. Reduced and delayed responses to interferons (IFN-I/IFN-III) can increase synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines extensive cell infiltration into airways, leading pulmonary disease. The development effective treatments for severe patients relies on our knowledge pathophysiological components this imbalanced response. Strategies address response factors will be essential. Significant efforts are currently underway develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. vaccines, such as inactivated DNA, mRNA, protein subunit have already been applied in clinical use. Various display different levels effectiveness, it important continue optimize update their composition order effectiveness. However, due continuous emergence variant viruses, improving general public may also effectiveness vaccines. Many observational studies demonstrated serum vitamin D inversely correlated incidence or severity COVID-19. Extensive evidence shown supplementation could vital mitigating progression reduce its severity. Vitamin defends SARS-CoV-2 through complex mechanism interactions between modulation reactions, ACE2 expression, inhibition renin-angiotensin system (RAS). remains unclear whether Vit-D plays an role Based analysis molecular involved, we speculated vit-D, via various signaling pathways, complementary vaccine efficacy.

Language: Английский

Heterologous prime–boost strategies for COVID-19 vaccines DOI Open Access
Binaya Sapkota, Bhuvan Saud, Ranish Shrestha

et al.

Journal of Travel Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2021

Heterologous prime-boost doses of COVID-19 vaccines ('mix-and-match' approach) are being studied to test for the effectiveness Oxford (AZD1222), Pfizer (BNT162b2), Moderna (mRNA-1273) and Novavax (NVX-CoV2373) COVID in 'Com-Cov2 trial' UK, that 'CombivacS Spain. Later, other heterologous combinations CoronaVac (DB15806), Janssen (JNJ-78436735), CanSino (AD5-nCOV) were also trialled explore their effectiveness. Previously, such a strategy was deployed HIV, Ebola virus, malaria, tuberculosis, influenza hepatitis B develop artificial acquired active immunity. The present review explores science behind an approach candidate developed using 11 different platforms approved by World Health Organization.The vaccines' pharmaceutical parameters (e.g. platforms, number needed vaccinate intervals, adjuvanted status, excipients preservatives added, efficacy effectiveness, vaccine adverse events, boosters), clinical aspects must be analysed mix-and-match approach. Results trials showed safety, higher systemic reactogenicity, well tolerability with improved immunogenicity, flexibility profiles future vaccinations, especially during acute global shortages, compared homologous counterparts.Still, large controlled warranted address challenging variants concerns including Omicron other, generalize regular as emergency use scarcity.

Language: Английский

Citations

82
Nucleic Acid Vaccines for COVID-19: A Paradigm Shift in the Vaccine Development Arena DOI Creative Commons
Vivek P. Chavda, Md. Mer Mosharraf Hossain, Jayesh Beladiya

et al.

Biologics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(3), P. 337 - 356

Published: Oct. 23, 2021

Coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has touched every country globally except five countries (North Korea, Turkmenistan, Tonga, Tuvalu and Nauru). Vaccination is the most effective method to protect against infectious diseases. The objective ensure that everyone access a COVID-19 vaccine. conventional vaccine development platforms are complex time-consuming obtain desired approved candidates through rigorous regulatory pathways. These safeguards guarantee optimized product safe efficacious for various demographic populations prior it being general use. Nucleic acid vaccines employ genetic material from pathogen, such as virus or bacteria, induce an immune response it. Based on vaccination, might be DNA RNA; such, offers instructions producing specific pathogen protein system will perceive foreign mount response. multiple antigens made in same facility, lowering costs even more. Most traditional regimens do not allow this. Herein, we demonstrate recent understanding advances nucleic (DNA mRNA based) specifically those human clinical trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
SARS-CoV-2 Infection: New Molecular, Phylogenetic, and Pathogenetic Insights. Efficacy of Current Vaccines and the Potential Risk of Variants DOI Creative Commons
John Charles Rotondo, Fernanda Martini, Martina Maritati

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1687 - 1687

Published: Aug. 25, 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly discovered responsible for the disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 has rapidly become public health emergency of international concern. Although remarkable scientific achievements have been reached since beginning pandemic, knowledge behind this novel coronavirus, in terms molecular and pathogenic characteristics zoonotic potential, still relatively limited. Today, there vaccine, or rather several vaccines, which, first time history highly contagious infectious diseases that plagued mankind, manufactured just one year. Currently, four vaccines are licensed by regulatory agencies, they use RNA viral vector technologies. The positive effects vaccination campaign being felt many parts world, but disappearance new infection far from reality, as it also threatened presence SARS-CoV-2 variants could undermine effectiveness hampering immunization control efforts. Indeed, current findings indicate adapting to transmission humans more efficiently, while further divergence initial archetype should be considered. In review, we aimed provide collection regarding molecular, phylogenetic, pathogenetic insights into SARS-CoV-2. most recent obtained with respect impact emerging well development implementation highlighted.

Language: Английский

Citations

75
Administration of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients DOI Open Access
Manica Negahdaripour, Mojtaba Shafiekhani, Seyed Mohammad Iman Moezzi

et al.

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 108021 - 108021

Published: July 28, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

72
Application of digital education in undergraduate nursing and medical interns during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review DOI Open Access
Xiaonan Hao, Xin Peng, Xinxin Ding

et al.

Nurse Education Today, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 105183 - 105183

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

66
Developmental Status of the Potential Vaccines for the Mitigation of the COVID-19 Pandemic and a Focus on the Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna mRNA Vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Rashed Noor

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 178 - 185

Published: March 3, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

63
Mechanisms and challenges of nanocarriers as non-viral vectors of therapeutic genes for enhanced pulmonary delivery DOI
Hezhi Wang, Qin Lu, Xin Zhang

et al.

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 352, P. 970 - 993

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

46
Cerebrovascular Complications of COVID-19 and COVID-19 Vaccination DOI Open Access
Manuela De Michele, Joshua Kahan, Irene Berto

et al.

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 130(8), P. 1187 - 1203

Published: April 14, 2022

The risk of stroke and cerebrovascular disease complicating infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively reported since the onset pandemic. striking efforts many scientists in cooperation regulators governments worldwide have rapidly brought development a large landscape vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. novel DNA mRNA offered great flexibility terms antigen production led to an unprecedented rapidity effective safe vaccine production. However, as mass vaccination progressed, rare but catastrophic cases thrombosis occurred association thrombocytopenia antibodies PF4 (platelet factor 4). This syndrome named vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Rarely, ischemic can be symptom or complicate course disease. In this review, we provide overview complication outline main clinical radiological characteristics complications vaccinations, focus on Based available data from literature our experience, propose therapeutic protocol manage challenging condition. Finally, highlight overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms leading thrombosis.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Recent Advance of Liposome Nanoparticles for Nucleic Acid Therapy DOI Creative Commons
Yongguang Gao, Xinhua Liu,

Na Chen

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 178 - 178

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

Gene therapy, as an emerging therapeutic approach, has shown remarkable advantages in the treatment of some major diseases. With deepening genomics research, people have gradually realized that emergence and development many diseases are related to genetic abnormalities. Therefore, nucleic acid drugs becoming a new boon (especially tumors diseases). It is conservatively estimated global market will exceed $20 billion by 2025. They simple design, mature synthesis, good biocompatibility. However, shortcomings acid, such poor stability, low bioavailability, targeting, greatly limit clinical application acid. Liposome nanoparticles can wrap internal cavities, increase stability prolong blood circulation time, thus improving transfection efficiency. This review focuses on recent advances potential applications liposome modified with (DNA, RNA, ASO) different chemical molecules (peptides, polymers, dendrimers, fluorescent molecules, magnetic nanoparticles, receptor targeting molecules). The ability deliver also discussed detail. We hope this help researchers design safer more efficient accelerate gene therapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

36
Exploring the Role of Immune System and Inflammatory Cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 Induced Lung Disease: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons
Claudio Tirelli, Mara De Amici, Cristina Albrici

et al.

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 177 - 177

Published: Jan. 22, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative pathogen of disease 19 (COVID-19). COVID-19 can manifest with a heterogenous spectrum severity, from mild upper airways infection to severe interstitial pneumonia and devastating distress (ARDS). SARS-CoV-2 may induce an over activation immune system release high concentrations pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading “cytokine storm”, recognized pathogenetic mechanism in genesis SARS-CoV-2-induced lung disease. This overproduction inflammatory cytokines has been as poor prognostic factor, since it lead progression, organ failure, ARDS death. Moreover, shows dysregulated activity, particularly through activated macrophages T-helper cells co-occurrent exhaustion lymphocytes. We carried out non-systematic literature review aimed at providing overview current knowledge on pathologic mechanisms played by inflammation An potential treatments for this harmful condition contrasting storm” also presented. Finally, look experimented experimental vaccines against included.

Language: Английский

Citations

29