The Role of Genetic, Environmental, and Dietary Factors in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1222 - 1222

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common and severe forms dementia neurodegenerative disease. As life expectancy increases in line with developments medicine, elderly population projected to increase next few decades; therefore, an prevalence some diseases, such as AD, also expected. a result, until radical treatment becomes available, AD expected be more frequently recorded top causes death worldwide. Given current lack cure for only treatments available being ones that alleviate major symptoms, identification contributing factors influence incidence crucial. In this context, genetic and/or epigenetic factors, mainly environmental, disease-related, dietary, or combinations/interactions these are assessed. review, we conducted literature search focusing on environmental air pollution, toxic elements, pesticides, infectious agents, well dietary including various diets, vitamin D deficiency, social (e.g., tobacco alcohol use), variables affected by both behavior gut microbiota. We evaluated studies beneficial effects antibiotics Mediterranean-DASH Intervention Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Mediterranean diets.

Language: Английский

Lactobacillus plantarum Reduces Polystyrene Microplastic Induced Toxicity via Multiple Pathways: A Potentially Effective and Safe Dietary Strategy to Counteract Microplastic Harm

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 489, P. 137669 - 137669

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

The Emerging Role of PCSK9 in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Possible Target for the Disease Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13637 - 13637

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative mainly caused by β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in the brain. Among several factors that may concur to AD development, elevated cholesterol levels and brain dyshomeostasis have been recognized play relevant role. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) protein primarily known regulate plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) rich be one of main causes familial hypercholesterolemia. In addition that, PCSK9 also carry out diverse important activities brain, including control neuronal differentiation, apoptosis, and, importantly, LDL receptors functionality. Moreover, appeared directly involved some principal processes responsible for such as inflammation, oxidative stress, Aβ deposition. On these bases, management might represent promising approach treatment. The purpose this review elucidate role PCSK9, whether or not cholesterol-related, pathogenesis give an updated overview most innovative therapeutic strategies developed so far counteract pleiotropic both humoral focusing particular on their potentiality management.

Language: Английский