This
work
documents
version
two
of
the
Department
Energy's
Energy
Exascale
Earth
System
Model
(E3SM).
E3SM
2
(E3SMv2)
is
a
significant
evolution
from
its
predecessor
E3SMv1,
resulting
in
model
that
nearly
twice
as
fast
and
with
simulated
climate
improved
many
metrics.
We
describe
physical
lower
horizontal
resolution
configuration
consisting
110
km
atmosphere,
165
land,
0.5°
river
routing
model,
an
ocean
sea
ice
mesh
spacing
varying
between
60
mid-latitudes
30
at
equator
poles.
The
performance
evaluated
by
means
standard
set
Coupled
Intercomparison
Project
Phase
6
(CMIP6)
Diagnosis,
Evaluation,
Characterization
Klima
(DECK)
simulations
augmented
historical
well
to
evaluate
impact
different
forcing
agents.
generally
realistic,
notable
improvements
clouds
precipitation
compared
E3SMv1.
E3SMv1
suffered
excessively
high
equilibrium
sensitivity
(ECS)
5.3
K.
In
E3SMv2,
ECS
reduced
4.0
K
which
now
within
plausible
range
based
on
recent
World
Climate
Research
Programme
(WCRP)
assessment.
However,
E3SMv2
significantly
underestimates
global
mean
temperature
second
half
record.
An
analysis
single-forcing
indicates
correcting
bias
would
require
substantial
reduction
magnitude
aerosol-related
forcing.
Geophysical Research Letters,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
43(18), P. 9720 - 9728
Published: Aug. 24, 2016
Abstract
The
observed
decline
in
Arctic
sea
ice
is
projected
to
continue,
opening
shorter
trade
routes
across
the
Ocean,
with
potentially
global
economic
implications.
Here
we
quantify,
using
Coupled
Model
Intercomparison
Project
Phase
5
climate
model
simulations
calibrated
remove
spatial
biases,
how
loss
might
increase
opportunities
for
transit
shipping.
By
midcentury
standard
open
water
vessels,
frequency
of
navigable
periods
doubles,
central
becoming
available.
A
ice‐ship
speed
relationship
used
show
that
European
Asia
typically
become
10
days
faster
via
than
alternatives
by
midcentury,
and
13
late
century,
while
North
American
4
faster.
Future
greenhouse
gas
emissions
have
a
larger
impact
century;
shipping
season
reaching
4–8
months
Representative
Concentration
Pathway
(RCP)8.5
double
RCP2.6,
both
substantial
interannual
variability.
Moderately,
ice‐strengthened
vessels
likely
enable
transits
10–12
century.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Aug. 26, 2021
Anthropogenic
warming
has
led
to
an
unprecedented
year-round
reduction
in
Arctic
sea
ice
extent.
This
far-reaching
consequences
for
indigenous
and
local
communities,
polar
ecosystems,
global
climate,
motivating
the
need
accurate
seasonal
forecasts.
While
physics-based
dynamical
models
can
successfully
forecast
concentration
several
weeks
ahead,
they
struggle
outperform
simple
statistical
benchmarks
at
longer
lead
times.
We
present
a
probabilistic,
deep
learning
forecasting
system,
IceNet.
The
system
been
trained
on
climate
simulations
observational
data
next
6
months
of
monthly-averaged
maps.
show
that
IceNet
advances
range
forecasts,
outperforming
state-of-the-art
model
forecasts
summer
ice,
particularly
extreme
events.
step-change
ability
brings
us
closer
conservation
tools
mitigate
risks
associated
with
rapid
loss.
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(12)
Published: Oct. 31, 2022
Abstract
This
work
documents
version
two
of
the
Department
Energy's
Energy
Exascale
Earth
System
Model
(E3SM).
E3SMv2
is
a
significant
evolution
from
its
predecessor
E3SMv1,
resulting
in
model
that
nearly
twice
as
fast
and
with
simulated
climate
improved
many
metrics.
We
describe
physical
lower
horizontal
resolution
configuration
consisting
110
km
atmosphere,
165
land,
0.5°
river
routing
model,
an
ocean
sea
ice
mesh
spacing
varying
between
60
mid‐latitudes
30
at
equator
poles.
The
performance
evaluated
Coupled
Intercomparison
Project
Phase
6
Diagnosis,
Evaluation,
Characterization
Klima
simulations
augmented
historical
well
to
evaluate
impacts
different
forcing
agents.
has
realistic
features
system,
notable
improvements
clouds
precipitation
compared
E3SMv1.
E3SMv1
suffered
excessively
high
equilibrium
sensitivity
(ECS)
5.3
K.
In
E3SMv2,
ECS
reduced
4.0
K
which
now
within
plausible
range
based
on
recent
World
Climate
Research
Program
assessment.
However,
number
important
biases
remain
including
weak
Atlantic
Meridional
Overturning
Circulation,
deficiencies
characteristics
spectral
distribution
tropical
atmospheric
variability,
underestimation
observed
warming
second
half
period.
An
analysis
single‐forcing
indicates
correcting
temperature
bias
would
require
substantial
reduction
magnitude
aerosol‐related
forcing.
Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
123(6), P. 4322 - 4337
Published: May 6, 2018
Abstract
Sea
ice
is
composed
of
discrete
floes,
which
range
in
size
across
orders
magnitude.
Here
we
present
a
model
that
represents
the
joint
distribution
sea
thickness
and
floe
size.
Unlike
previous
studies,
do
not
impose
particular
form
on
subgrid‐scale
distribution.
Floe
sizes
are
determined
prognostically
by
interaction
five
key
physical
processes:
new
formation,
welding
floes
freezing
conditions,
lateral
growth
melt,
fracture
ocean
surface
waves.
Coupled
results
suggest
these
processes
capture
first‐order
characteristics
distribution,
including
decay
with
increasing
basin‐wide
spatial
variability
representative
radius.
Lateral
melt
particularly
important,
wave
creating
at
preferred
sizes.
The
addition
dependence
to
existing
physics
significant
reductions
concentration,
summer
principally
due
size‐dependent
melt.
increased
alters
partitioning
melting
potential,
reduces
basal
increases
some
locations.
These
may
be
important
for
accurate
simulation
polar
climate
system.
