Abstract.
Seagrass
meadows
are
a
highly
productive
and
economically
important
shallow
coastal
habitat.
Their
sensitivity
to
natural
anthropogenic
disturbances,
combined
with
their
importance
for
local
biodiversity,
carbon
stocks
sediment
dynamics,
motivate
frequent
monitoring
of
distribution.
However,
generating
time-series
seagrass
cover
from
field
observations
is
costly,
mapping
methods
based
on
remote
sensing
require
restrictive
conditions
seabed
visibility,
limiting
the
frequency
observations.
In
this
contribution,
we
examine
effect
accounting
environmental
factors
such
as
bathymetry
median
grain
size
(D50)
substrate,
well
coordinates
known
patches,
performance
Random
Forest
(RF)
classifier
used
determine
cover.
Using
148
Landsat
images
Venice
Lagoon
(Italy)
between
1999
2020,
trained
RF
only
spectral
features
surveys,
respectively
2002
2017.
Then,
by
adding
above
applying
time-based
correction
predictions,
created
multiple
models
different
feature
combinations.
We
tested
quality
resulting
predictions
each
model
against
showing
that
bathymetry,
D50
patches
exert
an
influence
dependant
training
image
survey
chosen.
2017,
where
using
causes
overestimate
surface
area,
no
significant
change
in
was
observed.
Conversely,
2002,
addition
out-of-image
particularly
vegetated
greatly
improves
predictive
capacity
model,
while
still
allowing
detection
beds
absent
reference
survey.
Applying
eliminates
small
temporal
variations
improving
performed
before
correction.
conclude
together
correction,
has
most
potential
produce
reliable
While
case
study
alone
insufficient
explain
how
geographic
location
information
influences
classification
process,
suggest
it
linked
inherent
spatial
auto-correlation
meadow
interest
develop
our
map
vegetation
across
time,
identify
phenomenon
warranting
further
research.
Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
91(21), P. 13892 - 13899
Published: Sept. 27, 2019
Copper
(Cu2+)-containing
pesticides
are
commonly
used
in
agriculture
to
control
fungal
and
bacterial
diseases,
but
the
release
of
large
quantities
Cu2+
water
soil
can
lead
harmful
long-term
consequences
on
environment,
organisms,
ecosystem
health.
Technology
available
measure
accumulation
field
is
too
expensive
complicated
for
general
population
use.
We
describe
a
low-cost
sensor
with
simplified
user
operation
measuring
content
environmental
agricultural
samples
at
sensitivity
levels
comparable
laboratory-based
atomic
absorption
spectroscopy
(AAS)
method.
The
based
polyethyeleneimine
(PEI),
which
has
strong
chelating
ability
ions.
PEI
stabilized
paper
by
layer-by-layer
assembly
deposited
sequentially
within
electrostatically
charged
poly(styrenesulfonate)
(PSS).
PEI-PSS
layers
develop
vivid
blue
complex
when
interacting
Cu2+,
resulting
color
intensity
varies
concentration.
Our
sensors
give
yes
or
no
response
naked
eye
down
10
μM
preconcentration
step
was
used.
A
more
precise
quantitative
be
obtained
using
smartphone
scanner
free
imaging
software
wide
linear
range
from
2000
detection
limit
0.795
μM.
were
detecting
commercial
Cu2+-based
pesticide-sprayed
plants
15
min.
Considering
that
these
robust,
simple
operate,
extremely
stable,
they
could
ideal
remote
monitoring
ion
exposure
analysis
fields.
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Nov. 23, 2022
Seagrasses
are
declining
globally,
in
large
part
due
to
increased
anthropogenic
coastal
nutrient
loads
that
enhance
smothering
by
macroalgae,
attenuate
light,
and
toxic
when
excessive
concentrations
of
inorganic
nitrogen
phosphorus.
However,
as
sanitation
is
improved
many
seagrass
meadows
have
been
observed
recover,
with
a
few
studies
suggesting
they
may
even
benefit
from
mild
additions.
Monitoring
demography
health
has
faced
difficulties
establishing
the
adequate
variables
metrics.
Such
uncertainty
methods
caused
significance
results
presented
compromised
extrapolations
other
seasons,
areas,
or
species.
One
solution
come
within
plant
self-thinning
theories.
During
1980s,
an
interspecific
boundary
line
(IBL)
was
determined
upper
limit
combination
density
above-ground
biomass
for
any
stand
on
Earth,
setting
their
maximum
possible
efficiency
space
occupation.
Recently,
two
meta-analyses
determine
specific
IBLs
algae
seagrasses
performed.
The
recently
updated
dataset
comprises
5,052
observations
78
18
These
opened
new
perspectives
monitoring:
distance
respective
IBL
(i.e.,
each
stand’s
relative
occupation)
demonstrated
be
valuable
indicator
population’s
health.
Thus,
this
metric
can
used
impact
nutrients
pollutants
populations.
Furthermore,
because
common
all
species,
compare
species
location
worldwide.
This
novel
approach
showed
Halodule
wrightii
,
beaudettei
Halophila
baillonii
Zostera
marina
noltei
additions
phosphorus,
long
these
moderate.
In
fact,
healthier
Z.
Portugal
(and
among
healthiest
worldwide)
were
ones
exposed
effluents
wastewater
treatment
plants
(WWTP)
food
factory.
We
conclude
those
providing
water
enough
quality
optimal
management
should
coordinate
technological
solutions
WWTP
natural
potential
purifiers
producers.
Studies
for
the
preservation
of
seagrass
beds
biotopes
have
met
difficulties
in
establishing
appropriate
methods
assessing
their
health.
We
tested
efficiency
space
occupation
by
seagrasses
scattered
worldwide
(dgrass
index),
which
proved
to
be
dependent
on
clonal
growth
form
and
morphometric
plasticity.
dgrass
correlated
with
above-ground
below-ground
biomass
ratio.
However,
latter
was
misleading
when
high
ratios
resulted
from
low
biomass.
Nutrient
Posphate-limitations
were
revealed
situations
theoretical
Nitrogen-limitation.
Enhanced
nutrient
supply
benefitted
only
up
a
threshold
after
it
became
detrimental.
Better
nurtured,
healthier
meadows
denser
canopies
increased
organic
matter
sediment
had
associated
greater
abundances
benthic
macrofauna.
Hence,
could
benefit
moderate
anthropogenic
additions.
above
≈6%
and/or
reduced
riverine
discharges
(dams
upstream
climate-change-related
droughts)
detrimental
healthy
meadows,
jeopardizing
ecosystem
services
such
as
macrofauna
carbon
sinks.
Seagrass
good
health
increase
shoot
density,
leading
efficiencies,
abundances,
sinks,
according
analysis
spatial
occupation.