Emission, Transport and Retention of Floating Marine Macro-Litter (Plastics): The Role of Baltic Harbor and Sailing Festivals

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 1220 - 1220

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Every year, harbor and sailing festivals attract close to 20 million visitors in the Baltic Sea region, but their consequences on marine litter pollution are still unknown. We combine field studies with model simulations literature reviews quantify annual emissions of floating macro-litter assess its retention estuaries role pollution. Results focusing Hanse Sail Rostock Kiel Week extrapolated entire region. After 2018, amounted about 950 particles/km²; 85–90% were plastics. calculated an emission between 0.24 3 particles per 1000 visitors, depending year waste management system. About 0.02% all generated during a festival ends up water. The Sails contributes less than 1% total Warnow estuary. Model indicate that over 99% emitted is trapped Therefore, not relevant Baltic-Sea-wide 4466 (more likely) 55,830 particles. over-30 contribute estimated <0.05%

Language: Английский

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Advancing numerical models for land-to-ocean litter transport: A review of hydrodynamic processes and inland contributions

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 970, P. 179013 - 179013

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Salinity-Driven Stratification Enhances Riverine Mercury Export to the Coastal Ocean

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

Rivers transport 300 to 5,000 Mg of mercury (Hg) annually coastal oceans through estuaries, contributing 20–45% total Hg input, with 100 1,500 reaching the open ocean. However, impact estuarine circulation and stratification on methylation remains uncertain despite their known influence other metal exports. This study developed three models assess transformation under different salinity-driven regimes—well-mixed, slightly stratified, highly stratified—using data from Chesapeake Bay (CPB) Hudson River Estuary (HRE), U.S.A. Results show that increases riverine export by 19% in CPB 20% HRE, shorter residence times promoting faster export. Unstratified estuaries favor burial sediments due longer increased particle settling. Seasonal river discharge variations further stratification, higher enhancing Methylmercury (MeHg) production also respond stratified conditions increasing MeHg 11.5% 16.4%. As climate change is expected intensify many these findings suggest potential oceans.

Language: Английский

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Experimental study of buoyant macro- and mesoplastic trapping by Spartina maritima

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 216, P. 118005 - 118005

Published: April 19, 2025

A set of laboratory experiments was conducted to assess the trapping efficiency buoyant plastic debris by estuarine vegetation Spartina maritima. Different hydrodynamic conditions typical salt marshes were simulated in a hydraulic flume. These included varying water levels between 40% and 90% stem height, wind speeds up 2 m/s, unidirectional current velocities 0.1 0.3 m/s. Moreover, three densities (small/medium/high) nine types shape (elongated/two-dimensional/three-dimensional) size (macro/meso) tested. The results indicate that maritima functions as natural trap. Specifically, study highlights lower surface velocities, higher densities, greater emergent heights, larger sizes significantly enhance efficiency. It also inferred for density comparable observed marshes, dominance velocity or effects on is primarily dependent shape. Consequently, has impact two-dimensional elements, whereas more significant three-dimensional elements. Finally, preliminary model developed integrate all aforementioned variables. This potential accuracy numerical predictions regarding transport fate using Lagrangian modeling, can be further refined incorporating additional data.

Language: Английский

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Transport and retention of sinking microplastics in a well-mixed estuary

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 203, P. 116417 - 116417

Published: May 2, 2024

Estuaries have been shown to be potential hotspots of microplastic accumulation, but the hydrodynamic conditions and particle properties that control this process need further investigation. We designed a series numerical particle-tracking experiments examine sensitivity retention in estuaries size, density varying tides freshwater flow. At end simulation, over 90 % sinking particles are retained estuary, rate is increased by high river runoff. In contrast, discharge increases number marginally-buoyant (i.e. close estuarine water) escape estuary. Larger size tends limit downstream transport can facilitate particles. Tidal asymmetry, vertical turbulent mixing structure subtidal circulation proposed as underlying mechanisms controlling fate

Language: Английский

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The Episodic and Seasonal Dynamics of Salt Transport in the Waitematā Estuary, a Well-Mixed Estuary in New Zealand

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This study investigates the response of salt transport to freshwater discharge events, seasonal cycle, and tides in Waitematā Estuary. The is assessed by both observations numerical simulations using a gridded balance isohaline transport. Estuary represents unique type estuary parameter space: it varies between well-mixed strain-induced periodic stratification during spring-neap tidal cycle. Tides create most variation flux. Spring often lead net inflow salt. Higher (>10 m3s-1) results downstream regardless amplitude tides. estimates estuarine parameters show that whole becomes partially-mixed when increases another order magnitude. If rainfall lower on average with more intense as anticipated regional climate projections, will experience less frequent but stronger outflow.

Language: Английский

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The episodic dynamics of salt transport in the Waitematā Estuary, a well-mixed estuary in New Zealand

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 308, P. 108924 - 108924

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Plastic pollution on beaches in an Antillean manatee conservation area, Brazil

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 117062 - 117062

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Lagrangian study of floating debris transport around the Pearl River Estuary in summer

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 211, P. 117494 - 117494

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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