Crosstalk Within the Intestinal Epithelium: Aspects of Intestinal Absorption, Homeostasis, and Immunity DOI Creative Commons
Liang-en Yu, Wen‐Chin Yang, Yu‐Chuan Liang

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2771 - 2771

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Gut health is crucial in many ways, such as improving human general and enhancing production agricultural animals. To maximize the effect of a healthy gastrointestinal tract (GIT), an understanding regulation intestinal functions needed. Proper depend on activity, composition, behavior epithelial cells (IECs). There are various types IECs, including enterocytes, Paneth cells, enteroendocrine (EECs), goblet tuft M stem (IESCs), each with unique 3D structures IEC distributions. Although communication between IECs other cell types, immune neurons, has been intensively reviewed, different rarely addressed. The present paper overviews networks among that influence functions. Intestinal absorption regulated by incretins derived from EECs induce nutrient transporter activity enterocytes. EECs, enterocytes release signals to activate Notch signaling, which modulates IESC homeostasis, proliferation differentiation. immunity can be altered via cytokines IECs. Finally, tools for investigating have discussed, novel model utilizing enteroids considered powerful tool research. Overall, importance communication, especially cover most functional regulating pathways, overviewed this paper. Such compilation will helpful developing strategies maintaining gut health.

Language: Английский

Enteroendocrine Cells Regulate Intestinal Barrier Permeability DOI Creative Commons

Jennifer G. Nwako,

Shivani Patel, Tiffany G. Roach

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

The intestinal epithelial barrier is essential for nutrient absorption and protection against ingested pathogens foreign substances. Barrier integrity maintained by tight junctions which are sensitive to inflammatory signals, thus creating a feed-forward loop with an increasingly permeable that further drives inflammation the hallmark of bowel disease. There currently no therapeutic strategies improve barrier. We hypothesized enteroendocrine cells may play unappreciated role in maintaining integrity. To test this hypothesis, we seeded human enteroids genetic loss on Transwell filters evaluated transepithelial electrical resistance, paracellular permeability, localization abundance junctional proteins. found were required maintain healthy crypt-like "stem" villus-like differentiated cultures. Additionally, exogenous supplementation enteroendocrine-deficient cultures hormones peptide tyrosine (PYY) somatostatin analog octreotide was sufficient rescue many aspects defect both at baseline presence cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Surprisingly, these improvements function occurred largely independently changes protein proteins zona-occludens 1, occludin, claudin-2. These findings support novel augmenting stimuli present opportunity developing therapies directly permeability This work uses model system demonstrate sensory necessary two their secreted products, YY somatostatin, homeostasis cytokines. could provide treatments strengthening gastrointestinal

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Neuroimmune Axis in Gastrointestinal Disorders – An Underrecognized Problem DOI
Laura Pace,

Niwen Kong,

Mohamed I Itani

et al.

Current Gastroenterology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: April 15, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Prior metabolic surgery attenuates the weight-loss efficacy of liraglutide in patients with mild obesity DOI Creative Commons
Yifei Ouyang,

Xinyue Xiang,

Xinyun Hu

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 22, 2025

Liraglutide effectively manages mild obesity, but individual weight loss outcomes vary significantly. We aimed to identify clinical predictors influencing differential treatment responses in patients with obesity. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 adults (BMI 28-32.5 kg/m²) undergoing a 12-week liraglutide intervention. Participants were categorized based therapeutic success: those achieving composite endpoints (≥5% total [TWL] and BMI normalization <28 versus suboptimal responders. Comprehensive biometric biochemical assessments performed, multivariate predictive modeling applied. Responders (n=37, 75.7% female) showed significantly better metabolic than non-responders (n=27, 77.8% female), notable differences %TWL (11.0 ± 3.6% vs 4.2 2.6%), (9.04 3.32 kg 3.55 2.20 kg), reduction (3.3 1.1 1.4 0.9 (all p's <.01). also demonstrated improved glucolipid metabolism, reduced metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (p <.05). Regression identified history surgery (MS) baseline ≥30.5 kg/m² as significant negative of success. Adjusted odds ratios indicated strong inverse associations, MS showing an OR 6.78 (95% CI: 1.95-23.61; p <.01) elevated (≥30.5 yielding 4.79 1.46-15.71; affects liraglutide's responsiveness emphasizing the need for personalized strategies post-surgical patients. These findings highlight importance comprehensive medical guiding obesity pharmacotherapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Trends in intestinal aging: From underlying mechanisms to therapeutic strategies DOI Creative Commons
Yajun Wang, Xueni Zhang,

Mengli Qing

et al.

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
From Gut to Brain: The Roles of Intestinal Microbiota, Immune System, and Hormones in Intestinal Physiology and Gut–Brain–Axis DOI
Muhammad Talha Khan,

Muhammad Zohair,

Ayesha Khan

et al.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112599 - 112599

Published: June 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Crosstalk Within the Intestinal Epithelium: Aspects of Intestinal Absorption, Homeostasis, and Immunity DOI Creative Commons
Liang-en Yu, Wen‐Chin Yang, Yu‐Chuan Liang

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2771 - 2771

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

Gut health is crucial in many ways, such as improving human general and enhancing production agricultural animals. To maximize the effect of a healthy gastrointestinal tract (GIT), an understanding regulation intestinal functions needed. Proper depend on activity, composition, behavior epithelial cells (IECs). There are various types IECs, including enterocytes, Paneth cells, enteroendocrine (EECs), goblet tuft M stem (IESCs), each with unique 3D structures IEC distributions. Although communication between IECs other cell types, immune neurons, has been intensively reviewed, different rarely addressed. The present paper overviews networks among that influence functions. Intestinal absorption regulated by incretins derived from EECs induce nutrient transporter activity enterocytes. EECs, enterocytes release signals to activate Notch signaling, which modulates IESC homeostasis, proliferation differentiation. immunity can be altered via cytokines IECs. Finally, tools for investigating have discussed, novel model utilizing enteroids considered powerful tool research. Overall, importance communication, especially cover most functional regulating pathways, overviewed this paper. Such compilation will helpful developing strategies maintaining gut health.

Language: Английский

Citations

0