Recent advances in ion selectivity with capacitive deionization

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 1095 - 1120

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Fishing ions: this review provides a comprehensive analysis of different approaches in utilizing capacitive deionization (CDI) for selective ion separations and removal.

Language: Английский

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Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(15), P. 5517 - 5517

Published: Aug. 1, 2020

Nowadays, ion-exchange membranes have numerous applications in water desalination, electrolysis, chemistry, food, health, energy, environment and other fields. All of these require high selectivity ion transfer, i.e., membrane permselectivity. The transport properties are determined by their structure, composition preparation method. For various applications, the transfer processes can be characterized different parameters, for example, number counterions (permselectivity electrodialysis) or ratio ionic conductivity to permeability some gases (crossover fuel cells). However, most cases there is a correlation: higher flux density target component through membrane, lower process. This correlation has two aspects: first, it follows from material properties, often expressed as trade-off between permselectivity; and, second, due concentration polarization phenomenon, which increases with an increase applied driving force. In this review, both aspects considered. Recent research progress improvement, mainly including approaches crosslinking, nanoparticle doping, surface modification, use special synthetic methods (e.g., synthesis grafted fairly rigid three-dimensional matrix) summarized. These promising electrodialysis, alternative valuable extraction natural waste-water. Perspectives on future development field also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Lithium recovery using electrochemical technologies: Advances and challenges

Water Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 221, P. 118822 - 118822

Published: July 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Designing an energy-efficient multi-stage selective electrodialysis process based on high-performance materials for lithium extraction

Journal of Membrane Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 675, P. 121534 - 121534

Published: March 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cation Exchange Membranes and Process Optimizations in Electrodialysis for Selective Metal Separation: A Review

Membranes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 566 - 566

Published: May 30, 2023

The selective separation of metal species from various sources is highly desirable in applications such as hydrometallurgy, water treatment, and energy production but also challenging. Monovalent cation exchange membranes (CEMs) show a great potential to selectively separate one ion over others the same or different valences effluents electrodialysis. Selectivity among cations influenced by both inherent properties design operating conditions electrodialysis process. research progress recent advances membrane development implication systems on counter-ion selectivity are extensively reviewed this work, focusing structure–property relationships CEM materials influences process mass transport characteristics target ions. Key properties, charge density, uptake, polymer morphology, strategies for enhancing discussed. implications boundary layer at surface elucidated, where differences ions interfaces can be exploited manipulate ratio competing counter-ions. Based progress, possible future R&D directions proposed.

Language: Английский

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Membrane Design Principles for Ion-Selective Electrodialysis: An Analysis for Li/Mg Separation

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Selective electrodialysis (ED) is a promising membrane-based process to separate Li+ from Mg2+, which the most critical step for Li extraction brine lakes. This study theoretically compares ED-based Li/Mg separation performance of different monovalent selective cation exchange membranes (CEMs) and nanofiltration (NF) at coupon scale using unified mass transport model, i.e., solution-friction model. We demonstrated that CEMs with dense surface thin film like polyamide are more effective in enhancing than those loose but highly charged film. Polyamide film-coated when used ED have similar polyamide-based NF NF. membranes, expected replace separation, will require support layer low tortuosity high porosity reduce internal concentration polarization. The coupon-scale analysis comparison provide new insights into design composite ion–ion separation.

Language: Английский

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Strategies for lithium extraction from salt lakes by nanofiltration and selective-electrodialysis and analysis of differences between the two methods

Desalination, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 586, P. 117749 - 117749

Published: May 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Nickel hexacyanoferrate electrodes for high mono/divalent ion-selectivity in capacitive deionization

Desalination, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 481, P. 114346 - 114346

Published: Feb. 6, 2020

Selective ion removal has been a point of focus in capacitive deionization because its industrial applications such as water purification, softening, heavy metal separation and resource recovery. Conventionally, carbon is used electrode material for selectivity. However, recent developments on intercalation materials Prussian Blue Analogues, due to their size-based preference towards cations. Selectivity nickel hexacyanoferrate electrodes from mixture Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ ions was studied this work. Here, CDI cell with two identical NiHCF operated desalination modes: (a) cyclic, which are removed released into the same reservoir thus, concentration remains after one cycle, (b) continuous, back different reservoir. An average factor ≈15 25, reflecting selectivity electrodes, obtained Na+ over Mg2+ an equimolar solution both, cyclic continuous desalination. It concluded that NiHCF, symmetric cell, promising highly selective multivalent mixture.

Language: Английский

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Ion separations with membranes

Journal of Polymer Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 58(20), P. 2831 - 2856

Published: Sept. 9, 2020

Abstract Ion separations are important for resource recovery, water treatment, and energy production storage. Techniques such as chemical precipitation, selective adsorption, solvent extraction effective, but membranes may separate ions continuously with less waste lower costs. Separation of monovalent multivalent nanofiltration or electrodialysis already enables softening edible salt purification. Similar attractive separators in vanadium redox flow batteries. Selective partitioning divalent counter‐ions into ion‐exchange even allows transport these against their concentration gradients mixtures. However, the same charge is more challenging. Recent research demonstrated highly ion “sieving” at small scales. Separations using electrical potentials differences electrophoretic mobilities promising, relatively unexplored. Carrier‐mediated affords high selectivity liquid membranes, systems not very stable, via hopping between anchored carriers has proven elusive. Finally, this paper discusses how polarization decreases selectivities many membrane processes. Although development selective, inexpensive ion‐separation a work progress, successes purification suggests that future will serve complementary methods to traditional techniques.

Language: Английский

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Polyelectrolytes as Building Blocks for Next-Generation Membranes with Advanced Functionalities

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(9), P. 4347 - 4374

Published: Aug. 26, 2021

The global society is in a transition, where dealing with climate change and water scarcity are important challenges. More efficient separations of chemical species essential to reduce energy consumption provide more reliable access clean water. Here, membranes advanced functionalities that go beyond standard separation properties can play key role. This includes relevant functionalities, such as stimuli-responsiveness, fouling control, stability, specific selectivity, sustainability, antimicrobial activity. Polyelectrolytes their complexes an especially promising system membrane functionalities. we have reviewed recent work stem directly from the material provided by polyelectrolytes. highlights versatility polyelectrolyte-based modifications, polyelectrolytes not only applied single layers, including brushes, but also complex polyelectrolyte multilayers on both porous supports dense membranes. Moreover, free-standing be produced completely aqueous solutions allowing much sustainable approaches fabrication. Review demonstrates promise hold for next-generation properties, while it provides clear outlook future this field.

Language: Английский

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