Emerging Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: A Systematic Review

Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 77(1), P. 100002 - 100002

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

The history of anti-obesity pharmacotherapies is marked by disappointments, often entangled with societal pressure promoting weight loss and the conviction that excess body signifies a lack willpower. However, categories emerging generate hope to reduce obesity rates. This systematic review phase 2 3 trials in adults overweight/obesity investigates effect novel pharmacotherapies, compared placebo/control or Food Drug Administration-approved medication, through searching Medline, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov (2012-2024). We identified 53 trials, 36 drugs combinations thereof four withdrawn terminated trials. Oral semaglutide 50 mg only medication has completed trial. There are 14 ongoing on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RAs) (ecnoglutide, orforglipron, TG103), GLP-1 RA/amylin agonist (CagriSema), GLP-1/glucagon RAs (mazdutide, survodutide), GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide glucagon RA (retatrutide), dapagliflozin, combination sibutramine/topiramate. Completed incretin-based therapies showed mean percent 7.4-24.2%. Almost half undergoing were incretin analogs. drug pipeline expanding rapidly, most promising results reported Data mortality obesity-related complications, such as cardio-renal-metabolic events, needed. Moreover, long-term follow-up data safety efficacy maintenance along studies focused under-represented populations, cost-effectiveness assessments, availability, needed bridge care gap for patients obesity. Significance Statement Obesity epidemic 21st century. Except newer injectable medications, suboptimal have been available clinician's armamentarium. alternatives agents populate therapeutic pipeline. identifies state mechanism action having clinical information provided herein furthers understanding management, implying direct implications stimulating research initiatives.

Language: Английский

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Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists on body composition: Systematic review and network meta-analysis

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 156113 - 156113

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Myostatin’s flex on the reproductive hormone axis

Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 387(6731), P. 249 - 250

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

A muscle hormone controls the mammalian reproductive system

Language: Английский

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Iron Deficiency Anemia Following Bariatric Surgery: A 10-Year Prospective Observational Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 339 - 339

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Background: The long-term follow-up studies investigating the risk of anemia and iron deficiency following bariatric procedures are scarce. This study aimed to determine influence body weight reduction type surgery on metabolism parameters. Methods: We included 138 consecutive patients who underwent (120 sleeve gastrectomy 18 other types surgery) between 2010 2016. At baseline at (median observation: 10 years), examination height were measured, blood samples for parameters taken. Results: Red cells (4.75 [4.59–4.96] 106/μL vs. 4.51 [4.25–4.83] 106/μL, p < 0.0001), hemoglobin (14.0 [13.3–14.7] g/dL 13.0 [12.1–14.3] g/dL, folic acid (7.4 [5.9–10.4] ng/ml 6.0 [4.5–9.1] ng/mL, = 0.01) significantly lower, while prevalence (6.52% 28.99%, 0.0001) was higher compared values. In contrast, concentration (86.5 [68.0–109.0] µg/dL 86.5 [55.0–110.0] µg/dL, 0.42) TIBC values (351 [326–391] 345 [5311–387] 0.08) did not change significantly. multivariable regression analyses showed that only factors independently related initial concentration, age, than gastrectomy. Similarly, in logistic analysis, variables age (adjusted odds ratio 0.93 [95% confidence intervals 0.89–0.97]), (0.69 [0.49–0.97]), (6.12 [1.86–20.15]). Conclusions: Age, procedure but sex, serum level, or surgery.

Language: Английский

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Bioanalytical methods in doping controls: a review

Bioanalysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

The analytical and technological approaches employed in doping analysis are constantly reviewed updated to allow for keeping pace with progresses pharmaceutical medicinal research the therein inherent options of misuse as performance enhancing drugs or methods. Enormous changes, improvements, developments have been achieved recent years, particularly, but not exclusively, bioanalytical sector. Several these new strategies examined systematically this review using examples from World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) list banned substances includes, among others, application sophisticated in-vitro models mimicking multi compartment models, investigation into long-term metabolites anabolic agents, impact a distinct gene mutation on erythropoietin, studies development therapeutic protein-based myostatin inhibiting properties, methods applying molecular biological section used uncover doping, finally uncovering prohibited use autologous blood transfusion. All challenges investigations support ongoing progress modern controls future will help fill gap between advance cheating athletes sport drug testing.

Language: Английский

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IFT80 and TRPA1 cooperatively regulate bone formation by calcium signaling in response to mechanical stimuli

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 156159 - 156159

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Intraflagellar transport 80 (IFT80) is vital for primary cilia which can sense and transduce mechanical signals. Mechanical stimuli expedite osteoblastic differentiation bone formation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, how IFT80 regulates transduction MSCs remains unclear. To investigate the role of development transduction, MSC-specific knock-out (Prx1Cre; IFT80f/f) mice were generated. These exhibited significant skeletal abnormalities. The study further examined effects deficiency on stimulation-induced formation, as well underlying molecular mechanisms involving TRPA1 calcium signaling pathways. In our study, Prx1Cre; IFT80f/f results pronounced abnormalities including dwarfism, defect, malformations skull, limbs, sternum, abnormal joint structures. Furthermore, inhibits stimulation induced differentiation. Exercise training could not improve mice. Mechanistically, downregulated expression transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) TRPA1-mediated Ca2+ influx, inhibited under by AKT ERK Finally, overexpression reversed impaired exercise training. cooperatively regulate response to stimulation. findings suggest that are critical homeostasis may serve therapeutic targets disorders.

Language: Английский

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Weight Reduction with GLP-1 Agonists and Paths for Discontinuation While Maintaining Weight Loss

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 408 - 408

Published: March 13, 2025

Worldwide, nearly 40% of adults are overweight and 13% obese. Health consequences excess weight include cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, increased mortality. Treating obesity is challenging calorie restriction often leads to rebound gain. Treatments such as bariatric surgery create hesitancy among patients due their invasiveness. GLP-1 medications have revolutionized loss can reduce body in obese by between 15% 25% on average after about 1 year. Their mode action mimic the endogenous GLP-1, an intestinal hormone that regulates glucose metabolism satiety. However, drugs carry known risks and, since use for recent, may unforeseen well. They a boxed warning people with personal or family history medullary thyroid carcinoma multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome 2. Gastrointestinal adverse events (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) fairly common while pancreatitis obstruction rarer. There be lean mass well premature facial aging. A significant disadvantage using these high rate regain when they discontinued. Achieving success pharmacologic treatment then weaning avoid future negative effects would ideal.

Language: Английский

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Myokines as potential mediators of changes in glucose homeostasis and muscle mass after bariatric surgery

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 18, 2025

Myokines are bioactive peptides released by skeletal muscle. exert auto-, para-, or endocrine effects, enabling them to regulate many aspects of metabolism in various tissues. However, the contribution myokines dramatic changes glucose homeostasis and muscle mass induced bariatric surgery has not been established. Our review highlights that such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), meteorin-like protein (Metrnl), secreted acidic rich cysteine (SPARC), apelin (APLN) myostatin (MSTN) may mediate after surgery. also identifies myonectin an interesting candidate for future studies, this myokine lipid These provide novel therapeutic targets biomarkers obesity, type 2 diabetes sarcopenia.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of time restricted eating and resistance training on body composition and mood profiles among young adults with overweight/obesity: a randomized controlled trial

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Background/Objective Dietary restriction or exercise regimens can promote weight loss physical fitness among patients with obesity. However, intervention-associated adverse effects may impede patients' motivation to participate in dietary/exercise interventions. We examined the of time restricted eating (TRE) without resistance training (RT) on body composition, mood profile, and sleep quality young college adults overweight

Language: Английский

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Physiology of Weight Regain after Weight Loss: Latest Insights

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 31, 2025

Language: Английский

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