The Serendipitous Value of Soil Fauna in Ecosystem Functioning: The Unexplained Explained

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Dec. 7, 2018

Soil fauna is crucial to soil formation, litter decomposition, nutrient cycling, biotic regulation and for promoting plant growth. Yet organisms remain underrepresented in processes existing modelling exercises. This a consequence of assuming that much the below-ground diversity just ecologically "redundant" food webs exhibit higher degree omnivory. However, evidence mounting accumulating on strong influence abiotic filters (temperature, moisture, pH) habitat characteristics controlling their spatial temporal patterns. From this, new emerging concepts such as "hot moments", "biological accessabilityaccessibility" "trophic cascades" have been coined enable plausible explanations observed faunal responses environmental changes. Here, I argue many these findings are indeed "happy accidents" (i.e. "eureka discoveries") disjointed between disciplines, impeding us from making significant breakthroughs. Therefore, here provide some perspectives research highlight experimental approaches ato better explore great variety living soils complex interactions. A more comprehensive dynamic holistic approach needed couple pedological biological combine current theoretical knowledge if we aim improve our predictive capacities determining persistence organic matter ecosystem functioning.

Language: Английский

---

Evolutionary highways to persistent bacterial infection

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2019

Abstract Persistent infections require bacteria to evolve from their naïve colonization state by optimizing fitness in the host via simultaneous adaptation of multiple traits, which can obscure evolutionary trends and complicate infection management. Accordingly, here we screen 8 infection-relevant phenotypes 443 longitudinal Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates 39 young cystic fibrosis patients over 10 years. Using statistical modeling, map trajectories identify trait correlations accounting for patient-specific influences. By integrating previous genetic analyses 474 isolates, provide a window into early host, finding: (1) 2–3 year timeline rapid after colonization, (2) variant “naïve” “adapted” states reflecting discordance between phenotypic adaptation, (3) adaptive leading persistent three distinct modes, (4) new associations pathoadaptive mutations. Ultimately, effectively deconvolute complex offering framework studies precision medicine clinical microbiology.

Language: Английский

---

Exploration of Plant-Microbe Interactions for Sustainable Agriculture in CRISPR Era

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(8), P. 269 - 269

Published: Aug. 17, 2019

Plants and microbes are co-evolved interact with each other in nature. Plant-associated microbes, often referred to as plant microbiota, an integral part of life. Depending on the health effects hosts, plant–microbe (PM) interactions either beneficial or harmful. The role microbiota growth promotion (PGP) protection against various stresses is well known. Recently, our knowledge community composition microbiome significant driving factors have significantly improved. So, use a reliable approach for next green revolution meet global food demand sustainable eco-friendly agriculture. An application multifaceted PM needs novel tools know critical genetic molecular aspects. Recently discovered clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas-mediated genome editing (GE) great interest explore interactions. A systematic understanding will enable GE enhance capacity plants agronomic trait improvement. This review focuses applying techniques associated discovering fundamentals interactions, disease resistance, PGP activity, future implications

Language: Английский

---

Cell-to-cell bacterial interactions promoted by drier conditions on soil surfaces

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(39), P. 9791 - 9796

Published: Sept. 12, 2018

Bacterial cell-to-cell interactions are in the core of evolutionary and ecological processes soil other environments. Under most conditions, natural soils unsaturated where fragmented aqueous habitats thin liquid films confine bacterial cells within small volumes close proximity for prolonged periods. We report effects a range hydration conditions on cell-level that marked by plasmid transfer between donor recipient populations bacterium Pseudomonas putida Using hydration-controlled sand microcosms, we demonstrate frequency contacts under prescribed increases with lowering water potential values (i.e., drier phase shrinks fragments). These observations were supported using mechanistic individual-based model linking macroscopic to microscopic distribution explicit cell simplified porous medium. Model results good agreement inspire confidence underlying mechanisms. The study highlights important physical factors control short-range surfaces, specifically, central role mediating promote genetic information support microbial diversity.

Language: Английский

---

Beyond microbial diversity for predicting soil functions: A mini review

Pedosphere, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 5 - 17

Published: Dec. 14, 2019

Language: Английский

---